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Manor of Hougun

January 01, 1970

The Manor of Hougun is the historic name for an area which now forms part of the county of Cumbria in North West England. Only the southern band of land in the south of Cumbria was surveyed in the Domesday Book. The westernmost entries for Cumbria, covering the Duddon and Furness Peninsulas are largely recorded as part of the Manor of Hougun. The entry in Domesday Book covering Hougun refers to the time (ca. 1060) when it was held by Tostig Godwinson (c. 1026 – 25 September 1066), Earl of Northumbria. [1]

Location edit

The exact location of Hougun has been long disputed and Millom is often suggested, although High Haume near Dalton-in-Furness has also been proposed, given that it was recorded in 1336 as Howehom. It has also been suggested that the centre of the district was Furness, and that the territory included the Millom area, plus part or all of Cartmel – what would later be the Lancashire territory known as Amounderness.[2] The notion that the manor of Hougun was an administrative district and not just the chief vill of the area has been challenged.[3]

Etymology edit

The name itself is commonly thought to derive from the Old Norse haugr meaning mound or hill. Island of Hougun (Houganai) was also the name given to nearby Walney Island at the western end of Morecambe Bay.[4] [5][6]

 
Approximate extent of Domesday coverage : the Hougun district, if indeed it was a district, may have covered the three peninsulas to the left of the pink area

Domesday Book of 1086 edit

The Domesday entry for Hougun is therefore significant in indicating the extent of Norman control of the north-west, probably down to 1092, when William II of England took over Carlisle and northern Cumberland. North of the Hougun district, the land was part of Strathclyde/Cumbria, under Scottish overlordship. It has been suggested that the Domesday entry offers a snapshot of the "transition between the Anglo-Norse and Norman worlds in the 11th century", and suggests a largely self-governing area with a lack of the shire and wapentake structure that prevailed further south in England.[7]

At some time before the shiring of Lancaster, Cumberland and Westmorland (which took place around 1157-1182), parts of the Hougun area had been split off. Furness Abbey was given the Furness peninsula; and St Bees Priory was granted land from the Norman lord of Millom around 1125.[8] The Hougun entry is as follows (land is measured in carucates in the north, which is roughly the amount of land assumed to provide for one household for one year):

In Hougun Manor Earl Tosti had four carucates rateable to the geld.
In Chiluestreuic iii c., Sourebi iii c., Hietun iiii c., Daltune ii c., Warte ii c., Neutun vi c.,
Walletun vi c., Suntun ii c., Fordebodele ii c., Rosse vi c., Hert ii c., Lies vi c., Alia Lies ii c.,
Glassertun ii c., Steintun ii c., Clivertun iiii c., Ouregrave iii c., Meretun iiii c., Pennigetun ii c.,
Gerleuuorde ii c., Borch vi c., Beretsiege iiii c., Witingham iiii c., Bodele iiii c.,
Santacherche i c., Hougenai vi c.. All these vills belong to Hougun.[9]

Hougun (?High Haume/Millom), 4 c., Tosti

  • Chiluestreuic (Killerwick, lost, possibly directly north of Dalton),[10] 3c.
  • Sourebi (Sowerby), 3c.
  • Hietun (?Hawcoat), 4c.
  • Daltune (Dalton-in-Furness), 2c.
  • Warte (?Thwaite Flat), 2c.
  • Neutun (Newton, probably in Furness),[11] 6c.
  • Walletun (Waltoncote, was probably in Furness, lost),[12] 6c.
  • Suntun (?Sunbrick/Stank), lost, 2c.
  • Fordbodele (Fordbootle, lost, possibly near Roose),[13] 2c.
  • Rosse (Roose), 6c.
  • Hert (Hart, lost, probably was near the site of modern Gleaston Mill),[14] 2c.
  • Lies (Leece), 6c.
  • Alia Lies (another Leece, lost, although may be "two different tax assessments for the same place"),[15] 2c.
  • Glassertun (Gleaston), 2c.
  • Steintun (Stainton), 2c.
  • Clivertun (Crivelton, lost, but might be near the modern Newtown),[16] 4c.
  • Ourgrave (Orgrave), 3c.
  • Meretun (Marton), 4c.
  • Pennigetun (Pennington), 2c.
  • Gerleuuorde (Ireleth), but possibly "somewhere south of Ulverston and east of Dalton",[17] 2c.
  • Borch (?Broughton-in-Furness/Birkrigg), several possible locations might fit,[18] 6c.
  • Beretseige (Bardsea), 4c.
  • Witingham (Whicham), 4c.
  • Bodele (Bootle), 4c.
  • Santacherche (Kirksanton) 1c.
  • Hougenai (Walney), scribal error for Wagenai,[19] 6c.

Ulvreston (Ulverston), 6c., Turulf

  • Dene (Dendron), 1c.
  • Bodeltun (Bolton-with-Adgarley), 6c.

Aldingham (Aldingham), 6c., Ernulf

Cherchebi (?Cartmel), Dwan from the King

Holecher (Holker), Orm from the King

Neutun (High and Low Newton), King's land

Bretebi (Birkby), Orm from the King

Further east, in what was later to become Westmorland, several other places are mentioned but with similar brevity. Most of the places are within the low-lying areas around the Kent and Lune valleys. Most of the entries are in two groups: the first is land around Kendal belonging to the King which had belonged to a Gillemichael before the Conquest; and the second is land belonging to Roger de Poitou and held by one Ernwin the Priest under him:

In Stercaland, Mimet, Cherchebi, Helsingetune, Steintun, Bodelforde, Hoton, Bortun,
Daltun, Patun. Gillemichael had them. There are xx c. of land taxable in them.
In Biedun Earl Tosti had vi c. taxable. Now Roger de Poitou has them, and Ernwin the
Priest under him. In Yeland iiii c., Fareltun iiii c., Prestun iii c., Borwick ii c.,
Hennecastre ii c., Eureshaim ii c., Lefuenes ii c.

King's land

  • Stercaland (Strickland Roger)
  • Mimet (Mint)
  • Cherchebi (Kendal) [previously known as Kirkby Kendal]
  • Helsingetune (Helsington)
  • Steintun (Stainton)
  • Bodelforde lost
  • Hoton (Old Hutton)
  • Bortun (Burton-in-Kendal)
  • Daltun (Dalton)
  • Patun (Patton)

Biedun (Beetham), 6c., Ernwin the Priest from Roger de Poitou

  • Yeland (Yealand Conyers/Yealand Redmayne), 4c.
  • Fareltun (Farleton) 4c.
  • Preston (Preston Patrick/Preston Richard) 3c.
  • Borwick (Borwick) 2c.
  • Hennecastre (Hincaster), 2c.
  • Eureshaim (Heversham), 2c.
  • Lefuenes (Levens) 2c.

Brebrune (Barbon), King's land

Castretune (Casterton), King's land

Holme (Holme), King's land

Hotun (Hutton Roof), King's land

Cherchebi (Kirkby Lonsdale), King's land

Lupetun (Lupton), King's land

Manzserge (Mansergh), King's land

Middeltun (Middleton), King's land

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Tostig Godwinson". English Monarchs. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  2. ^ Phythian-Adams, Charles (1996). Land of the Cumbrians : a study in British provincial origins, A.D. 400-1120. Aldershot; Brookfield: Scolar Press; Ashgate. pp. xiv, 207, p. 24, 32. ISBN 1859283276.
  3. ^ Whalley, Neil (2018). "The Domesday Book of South Cumbria". Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society. 3. 18: 105–122.
  4. ^ Johannes Froebel Parker. "Hougun Manor". Ahnentafel Series. Retrieved 25 March 2016.
  5. ^ A. M. Armstrong [ ...; et al. "The Place-Names of Cumberland (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1952)". Openlibrary.org. Retrieved 5 June 2010.
  6. ^ Standard English words which have a Scandinavian Etymology The Vikings in England. Retrieved March 25, 2016
  7. ^ Whalley, 2018, p. 118
  8. ^ Phythian-Adams, 1996, p. 32.
  9. ^ "Cumbria: Hougun (The Domesday Book On-Line)". Domesdaybook.co.uk. 16 April 2007. Retrieved 5 June 2010.
  10. ^ Whalley, 2018, p. 110.
  11. ^ Whalley, 2018, p. 111,
  12. ^ Whalley, 2018, p. 111.
  13. ^ Whalley, 2018, p. 112,
  14. ^ Whalley, 2018, p. 112-113.
  15. ^ Whalley, 2018, p. 113.
  16. ^ Whalley, 2018, p. 114.
  17. ^ Whalley, 2018, p. 114.
  18. ^ Whalley, 2018, p. 114-115,
  19. ^ Whalley, 2018, p. 115-116.

Other sources edit

  • Darby, Henry C. (1977) Domesday England (Cambridge University Press) ISBN 0-521-31026-1
  • Maitland, F. W. (1988) Domesday Book and Beyond (Cambridge University Press) ISBN 0-521-34918-4
  • Roffe, David (2000) Domesday: The Inquest and The Book (Oxford University Press) ISBN 0-19-820847-2

Related reading edit

  • Tristram Cole (2016) Tostig Godwinson, Earl of Northumbria (CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform) ISBN 978-1482351439
  • Stephen E. Harding, David Griffiths, Elizabeth Royles (2014) In Search of Vikings: Interdisciplinary Approaches to the Scandinavian Heritage of North-West England (CRC Press) ISBN 9781482207590

January 01, 1970
manor, hougun, historic, name, area, which, forms, part, county, cumbria, north, west, england, only, southern, band, land, south, cumbria, surveyed, domesday, book, westernmost, entries, cumbria, covering, duddon, furness, peninsulas, largely, recorded, part,. The Manor of Hougun is the historic name for an area which now forms part of the county of Cumbria in North West England Only the southern band of land in the south of Cumbria was surveyed in the Domesday Book The westernmost entries for Cumbria covering the Duddon and Furness Peninsulas are largely recorded as part of the Manor of Hougun The entry in Domesday Book covering Hougun refers to the time ca 1060 when it was held by Tostig Godwinson c 1026 25 September 1066 Earl of Northumbria 1 Contents 1 Location 2 Etymology 3 Domesday Book of 1086 4 See also 5 References 6 Other sources 7 Related readingLocation editThe exact location of Hougun has been long disputed and Millom is often suggested although High Haume near Dalton in Furness has also been proposed given that it was recorded in 1336 as Howehom It has also been suggested that the centre of the district was Furness and that the territory included the Millom area plus part or all of Cartmel what would later be the Lancashire territory known as Amounderness 2 The notion that the manor of Hougun was an administrative district and not just the chief vill of the area has been challenged 3 Etymology editThe name itself is commonly thought to derive from the Old Norse haugr meaning mound or hill Island of Hougun Houganai was also the name given to nearby Walney Island at the western end of Morecambe Bay 4 5 6 nbsp Approximate extent of Domesday coverage the Hougun district if indeed it was a district may have covered the three peninsulas to the left of the pink areaDomesday Book of 1086 editThe Domesday entry for Hougun is therefore significant in indicating the extent of Norman control of the north west probably down to 1092 when William II of England took over Carlisle and northern Cumberland North of the Hougun district the land was part of Strathclyde Cumbria under Scottish overlordship It has been suggested that the Domesday entry offers a snapshot of the transition between the Anglo Norse and Norman worlds in the 11th century and suggests a largely self governing area with a lack of the shire and wapentake structure that prevailed further south in England 7 At some time before the shiring of Lancaster Cumberland and Westmorland which took place around 1157 1182 parts of the Hougun area had been split off Furness Abbey was given the Furness peninsula and St Bees Priory was granted land from the Norman lord of Millom around 1125 8 The Hougun entry is as follows land is measured in carucates in the north which is roughly the amount of land assumed to provide for one household for one year In Hougun Manor Earl Tosti had four carucates rateable to the geld In Chiluestreuic iii c Sourebi iii c Hietun iiii c Daltune ii c Warte ii c Neutun vi c Walletun vi c Suntun ii c Fordebodele ii c Rosse vi c Hert ii c Lies vi c Alia Lies ii c Glassertun ii c Steintun ii c Clivertun iiii c Ouregrave iii c Meretun iiii c Pennigetun ii c Gerleuuorde ii c Borch vi c Beretsiege iiii c Witingham iiii c Bodele iiii c Santacherche i c Hougenai vi c All these vills belong to Hougun 9 Hougun High Haume Millom 4 c Tosti Chiluestreuic Killerwick lost possibly directly north of Dalton 10 3c Sourebi Sowerby 3c Hietun Hawcoat 4c Daltune Dalton in Furness 2c Warte Thwaite Flat 2c Neutun Newton probably in Furness 11 6c Walletun Waltoncote was probably in Furness lost 12 6c Suntun Sunbrick Stank lost 2c Fordbodele Fordbootle lost possibly near Roose 13 2c Rosse Roose 6c Hert Hart lost probably was near the site of modern Gleaston Mill 14 2c Lies Leece 6c Alia Lies another Leece lost although may be two different tax assessments for the same place 15 2c Glassertun Gleaston 2c Steintun Stainton 2c Clivertun Crivelton lost but might be near the modern Newtown 16 4c Ourgrave Orgrave 3c Meretun Marton 4c Pennigetun Pennington 2c Gerleuuorde Ireleth but possibly somewhere south of Ulverston and east of Dalton 17 2c Borch Broughton in Furness Birkrigg several possible locations might fit 18 6c Beretseige Bardsea 4c Witingham Whicham 4c Bodele Bootle 4c Santacherche Kirksanton 1c Hougenai Walney scribal error for Wagenai 19 6c Ulvreston Ulverston 6c Turulf Dene Dendron 1c Bodeltun Bolton with Adgarley 6c Aldingham Aldingham 6c ErnulfCherchebi Cartmel Dwan from the KingHolecher Holker Orm from the KingNeutun High and Low Newton King s landBretebi Birkby Orm from the KingFurther east in what was later to become Westmorland several other places are mentioned but with similar brevity Most of the places are within the low lying areas around the Kent and Lune valleys Most of the entries are in two groups the first is land around Kendal belonging to the King which had belonged to a Gillemichael before the Conquest and the second is land belonging to Roger de Poitou and held by one Ernwin the Priest under him In Stercaland Mimet Cherchebi Helsingetune Steintun Bodelforde Hoton Bortun Daltun Patun Gillemichael had them There are xx c of land taxable in them In Biedun Earl Tosti had vi c taxable Now Roger de Poitou has them and Ernwin the Priest under him In Yeland iiii c Fareltun iiii c Prestun iii c Borwick ii c Hennecastre ii c Eureshaim ii c Lefuenes ii c King s land Stercaland Strickland Roger Mimet Mint Cherchebi Kendal previously known as Kirkby Kendal Helsingetune Helsington Steintun Stainton Bodelforde lost Hoton Old Hutton Bortun Burton in Kendal Daltun Dalton Patun Patton Biedun Beetham 6c Ernwin the Priest from Roger de Poitou Yeland Yealand Conyers Yealand Redmayne 4c Fareltun Farleton 4c Preston Preston Patrick Preston Richard 3c Borwick Borwick 2c Hennecastre Hincaster 2c Eureshaim Heversham 2c Lefuenes Levens 2c Brebrune Barbon King s landCastretune Casterton King s landHolme Holme King s landHotun Hutton Roof King s landCherchebi Kirkby Lonsdale King s landLupetun Lupton King s landManzserge Mansergh King s landMiddeltun Middleton King s landSee also edit nbsp Cumbria portal List of Cumbria related topicsReferences edit Tostig Godwinson English Monarchs Retrieved 1 May 2018 Phythian Adams Charles 1996 Land of the Cumbrians a study in British provincial origins A D 400 1120 Aldershot Brookfield Scolar Press Ashgate pp xiv 207 p 24 32 ISBN 1859283276 Whalley Neil 2018 The Domesday Book of South Cumbria Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society 3 18 105 122 Johannes Froebel Parker Hougun Manor Ahnentafel Series Retrieved 25 March 2016 A M Armstrong et al The Place Names of Cumberland Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1952 Openlibrary org Retrieved 5 June 2010 Standard English words which have a Scandinavian Etymology The Vikings in England Retrieved March 25 2016 Whalley 2018 p 118 Phythian Adams 1996 p 32 Cumbria Hougun The Domesday Book On Line Domesdaybook co uk 16 April 2007 Retrieved 5 June 2010 Whalley 2018 p 110 Whalley 2018 p 111 Whalley 2018 p 111 Whalley 2018 p 112 Whalley 2018 p 112 113 Whalley 2018 p 113 Whalley 2018 p 114 Whalley 2018 p 114 Whalley 2018 p 114 115 Whalley 2018 p 115 116 Other sources editDarby Henry C 1977 Domesday England Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 31026 1 Maitland F W 1988 Domesday Book and Beyond Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 34918 4 Roffe David 2000 Domesday The Inquest and The Book Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 820847 2Related reading editTristram Cole 2016 Tostig Godwinson Earl of Northumbria CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 978 1482351439 Stephen E Harding David Griffiths Elizabeth Royles 2014 In Search of Vikings Interdisciplinary Approaches to the Scandinavian Heritage of North West England CRC Press ISBN 9781482207590 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Manor of Hougun amp oldid 1177508998, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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