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Manifesto of N'sele

The Manifesto of N'sele (French: Manifeste de la N'sele) was a political document issued in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (later renamed Zaire) on 19[1] or 20[2] May 1967 which set out the official political stance of the Popular Movement of the Revolution (Mouvement Populaire de la Révolution, MPR), a political party which had been founded by Joseph-Désiré Mobutu in 1966. The manifesto was created at an MPR meeting in N'sele, Kinshasa where it was based.[2]

Joseph-Désiré Mobutu, pictured in 1976

The Manifesto of N'sele defined the ideological position of the MPR as a combination of "Authenticité" and "Mobutism". It defined Mobutism as an expression of Congolese nationalism, the rejection of tribalism and regionalism, and the abstract concept of "revolution".[2][3] Nationalism and the affirmation of independence was essential to the document.[1] The Manifesto of N'sele also laid out the intentions of the government which included expansion of the national government's authority, a program committed to improving labour standards, maintaining economic independence, and the creation of an "authentic nationalism".[4] It legitimized the creation of a one-party state in the country as an antipolitical means to end the political and ideological infighting which had characterised the Congo Crisis (1960–65).[2]

Importantly in the context of the Cold War, the Manifesto of N'sele repudiated both communism and capitalism as not "authentic" Congolese ideologies.[3] It called for a policy of "positive neutralism" in foreign policy.[2]

References edit

  1. ^ a b Young & Turner 1985, p. 209.
  2. ^ a b c d e Historical Dictionary of the DRC 2010, p. 373.
  3. ^ a b Young & Turner 1985, p. 210.
  4. ^ Simpson, Andrew. Language and Nationality in Africa. Oxford University Press, 2008. Pp. 228

Bibliography edit

  • Young, M. Crawford; Turner, Thomas (1985). The Rise & Decline of the Zairian State. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-10113-8.
  • Kisangani, Emizet François; Bobb, F. Scott (2010). "Mouvement Populaire de la Révolution". Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (3rd ed.). London: Scarecrow Press. pp. 372-5. ISBN 978-0-8108-6325-5.

External links edit

  • Manifeste de la N’sele. Mouvement populaire de la révolution, Forcad – IMK. 1984.
  • Manifeste de la N’sele. Mouvement populaire de la révolution. 1967. (Illustrated edition.)
  • Manifesto of N'sele (Only English Translation)

manifesto, sele, french, manifeste, sele, political, document, issued, democratic, republic, congo, later, renamed, zaire, 1967, which, official, political, stance, popular, movement, revolution, mouvement, populaire, révolution, political, party, which, been,. The Manifesto of N sele French Manifeste de la N sele was a political document issued in the Democratic Republic of the Congo later renamed Zaire on 19 1 or 20 2 May 1967 which set out the official political stance of the Popular Movement of the Revolution Mouvement Populaire de la Revolution MPR a political party which had been founded by Joseph Desire Mobutu in 1966 The manifesto was created at an MPR meeting in N sele Kinshasa where it was based 2 Joseph Desire Mobutu pictured in 1976The Manifesto of N sele defined the ideological position of the MPR as a combination of Authenticite and Mobutism It defined Mobutism as an expression of Congolese nationalism the rejection of tribalism and regionalism and the abstract concept of revolution 2 3 Nationalism and the affirmation of independence was essential to the document 1 The Manifesto of N sele also laid out the intentions of the government which included expansion of the national government s authority a program committed to improving labour standards maintaining economic independence and the creation of an authentic nationalism 4 It legitimized the creation of a one party state in the country as an antipolitical means to end the political and ideological infighting which had characterised the Congo Crisis 1960 65 2 Importantly in the context of the Cold War the Manifesto of N sele repudiated both communism and capitalism as not authentic Congolese ideologies 3 It called for a policy of positive neutralism in foreign policy 2 References edit a b Young amp Turner 1985 p 209 a b c d e Historical Dictionary of the DRC 2010 p 373 a b Young amp Turner 1985 p 210 Simpson Andrew Language and Nationality in Africa Oxford University Press 2008 Pp 228 Bibliography edit Young M Crawford Turner Thomas 1985 The Rise amp Decline of the Zairian State Madison University of Wisconsin Press ISBN 978 0 299 10113 8 Kisangani Emizet Francois Bobb F Scott 2010 Mouvement Populaire de la Revolution Historical Dictionary of the Democratic Republic of the Congo 3rd ed London Scarecrow Press pp 372 5 ISBN 978 0 8108 6325 5 External links editManifeste de la N sele Mouvement populaire de la revolution Forcad IMK 1984 Manifeste de la N sele Mouvement populaire de la revolution 1967 Illustrated edition Manifesto of N sele Only English Translation Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Manifesto of N 27sele amp oldid 1173438636, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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