The International Federation of Independent Revolutionary Art (FIARI) was a short-lived organization established in 1938 until 1939 on the initiative of Andre Breton and Diego Rivera[1] following the publication of the Manifesto for an Independent Revolutionary Art, which was signed by both individuals, based on their political and cultural rejection of the Communist International. [2] It was co-authored by Leon Trotsky.[3]
Historyedit
In April 1938, André Breton travelled to Mexico on a grant from France's Ministry of Foreign Affairs. There, he became acquainted with Leon Trotsky and co-authored the Manifesto with him.[4] The published Manifesto was signed by Breton and Rivera.
The document called for the establishment of an International Federation of Independent Revolutionary Art. On Breton's return to France, he established the Federation, setting up branches in Paris, London and New York, as well as Mexico.[5] Breton successfully solicited supported for the project from the likes of Benjamin Péret, Yves Tanguy, André Masson, Victor Serge, Marcel Martinet, Ignazio Silone, Herbert Read (who, in turn, won the support of George Orwell) and others.[6]
However, the Federation was beset with problems with the European branches receiving a lack of public interest due to the preoccupation with the threat of war.[7] Only two editions of La Clé, the monthly bulletin of the Federation's French section,[2] were published before publication was ceased in February 1939 amid a deepening political crisis across Europe.[8] In his last letter to Trotsky in June 1939, Breton wrote: "Perhaps I am not very talented as an organizer, but at the same time it seems to me that I have run up against enormous obstacles."[6][9]
Sourcesedit
^Deutscher, Isaac (6 January 2015). The Prophet: The Life of Leon Trotsky. Verso Books. pp. 1474–1475. ISBN978-1-78168-560-0.
^ abGeorge Orwell: A Life in Letters. W. W. Norton & Company. 2013. p. 154. ISBN9780871404626.
^Deutscher, Isaac (6 January 2015). The Prophet: The Life of Leon Trotsky. Verso Books. pp. 1474–1475. ISBN978-1-78168-560-0.
^Google Books result indicating the document's origin
^Adamson, Walter L. (2007). Embattled Avant-Gardes: Modernism's Resistance to Commodity Culture in Europe. University of California Press. p. 300. ISBN9780520252707.
^ abBrenner, Frank; Walsh, Walsh (16 June 1997). "André Breton and problems of twentieth-century culture". Retrieved 8 August 2017.
^Patenaude, Bertrand (6 May 2010). Stalin's Nemesis: The Exile and Murder of Leon Trotsky. Faber & Faber. p. 217. ISBN978-0-571-25834-5.
^Greverus, Ina-Maria; Ritschel, Ute (2009). Aesthetics and Anthropology: Performing Life - Performed Lives. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 37. ISBN9783643100023.
^Polizzotti, Mark (1995). Revolution of the Mind: The Life of André Breton. Farrar, Straus Giroux. p. 472.
External linksedit
Manifesto for an Independent Revolutionary Art
April 10, 2024
manifesto, independent, revolutionary, international, federation, independent, revolutionary, fiari, short, lived, organization, established, 1938, until, 1939, initiative, andre, breton, diego, rivera, following, publication, which, signed, both, individuals,. The International Federation of Independent Revolutionary Art FIARI was a short lived organization established in 1938 until 1939 on the initiative of Andre Breton and Diego Rivera 1 following the publication of the Manifesto for an Independent Revolutionary Art which was signed by both individuals based on their political and cultural rejection of the Communist International 2 It was co authored by Leon Trotsky 3 History editIn April 1938 Andre Breton travelled to Mexico on a grant from France s Ministry of Foreign Affairs There he became acquainted with Leon Trotsky and co authored the Manifesto with him 4 The published Manifesto was signed by Breton and Rivera The document called for the establishment of an International Federation of Independent Revolutionary Art On Breton s return to France he established the Federation setting up branches in Paris London and New York as well as Mexico 5 Breton successfully solicited supported for the project from the likes of Benjamin Peret Yves Tanguy Andre Masson Victor Serge Marcel Martinet Ignazio Silone Herbert Read who in turn won the support of George Orwell and others 6 However the Federation was beset with problems with the European branches receiving a lack of public interest due to the preoccupation with the threat of war 7 Only two editions of La Cle the monthly bulletin of the Federation s French section 2 were published before publication was ceased in February 1939 amid a deepening political crisis across Europe 8 In his last letter to Trotsky in June 1939 Breton wrote Perhaps I am not very talented as an organizer but at the same time it seems to me that I have run up against enormous obstacles 6 9 Sources edit Deutscher Isaac 6 January 2015 The Prophet The Life of Leon Trotsky Verso Books pp 1474 1475 ISBN 978 1 78168 560 0 a b George Orwell A Life in Letters W W Norton amp Company 2013 p 154 ISBN 9780871404626 Deutscher Isaac 6 January 2015 The Prophet The Life of Leon Trotsky Verso Books pp 1474 1475 ISBN 978 1 78168 560 0 Google Books result indicating the document s origin Adamson Walter L 2007 Embattled Avant Gardes Modernism s Resistance to Commodity Culture in Europe University of California Press p 300 ISBN 9780520252707 a b Brenner Frank Walsh Walsh 16 June 1997 Andre Breton and problems of twentieth century culture Retrieved 8 August 2017 Patenaude Bertrand 6 May 2010 Stalin s Nemesis The Exile and Murder of Leon Trotsky Faber amp Faber p 217 ISBN 978 0 571 25834 5 Greverus Ina Maria Ritschel Ute 2009 Aesthetics and Anthropology Performing Life Performed Lives LIT Verlag Munster p 37 ISBN 9783643100023 Polizzotti Mark 1995 Revolution of the Mind The Life of Andre Breton Farrar Straus Giroux p 472 External links editManifesto for an Independent Revolutionary Art Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Manifesto for an Independent Revolutionary Art amp oldid 1215683149, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
