The Mangalarga Marchador is a Brazilian breed of riding horse. It is the national horse breed of Brazil, where there are more than half a million of them; it is among the most numerous breeds of riding horse in the world. It derives from cross-breeding of Portuguese Alter Real horses with local Criollo stock. It displays four gaits: the walk, the canter, and two ambling gaits, the marcha batida and the marcha picada; it does not trot.
Francisco Gabriel Junqueira, Baron of Alfenas, began breeding his imported Lusitano to the mares on his farm (primarily Barbs, along with other breeds brought to Brazil when it was colonized). The result was a smooth-gaited, attractive horse which the baron called Sublime.
Junqueira sold some of the Sublimes to a friend who had a farm in Paty do Alferes, Rio de Janeiro. The farm's name was Mangalarga, and the owner rode Sublimes to and from Rio de Janeiro. In Rio, people noticed the smooth-gaited, attractive Sublimes and began calling them Mangalargas. Breeders and researchers note that until at least 1910, most ranchers involved in the breed's development (especially Junqueira Family members) followed the baron's recommendations to fix the breed's marching gait, hardiness, endurance, health and temperament.
Breed split
In 1934, the Mangalarga Breeders Association was created. Its founders wanted to establish a clear direction for breeding and define the breed's function and desired characteristics (particularly the intended gait). They had largely achieved objectives dating back to 1812–1816, when a number of breeders moved from Minas Gerais (where the breed originated) to São Paulo.[2] They had introduced bloodlines from several non-gaited horse breeds, including the (Arabian, Anglo-Arabian, Thoroughbred, Lusitano and the American Saddlebred. These crosses were intended to adapt the Mangalarga to the local topography, with a minimal loss of gait smoothness. This blood remains in only a few female lines of the Mangalarga Marchador.
Friction developed between those who wanted to maintain the breed's original objectives and those defending the new type. The Mangalarga Breeders Association closed its stud book in 1943, nine years after its foundation. A group of breeders who disagreed with this decision met in 1948 and founded the Association Mangalarga Marchador, which became the ABCCMM. Although separate breed organizations exist for the Mangalarga and the Mangalarga Marchador and the breeds have different bloodlines and conformation, their roots are similar.
To unite differing factions and create a new stud book, the breeders turned to Geraldo Carneiro. Carneiro, a veterinarian and zoologist, was a friend and neighbor of the governor of Minas Gerais and future Brazilian president Juscelino Kubitschek and helped found a new breed association to preserve the original Marchador horse. The breeders met in Caxambu (where a Mangalarga Marchador museum is located);[2] among those present were Joaquim Fernandes Braga (superintendent of the Minas Gerais Animal Production Department and Secretary of Agriculture, Industry, Trade and Labor) and personnel from the federal Ministry of Agriculture.
In 2017 the breed numbered close to 540,000 head in Brazil.[3] About 250 are registered with a breed association in the United States.[2]
Characteristics
The Mangalarga Marchador is a medium-sized breed with a silky coat, prominent withers, deep chest, a proportionately-long back, muscular hindquarters, a sloping croup and hard hoofs. Not all coat colours are accepted for registration - appaloosa for example is not. For stallions the ideal height is 152 centimetres (15.0 hands; 60 in), with a range for registration from 147 centimetres (14.2 hands; 58 in) to 157 centimetres (15.2 hands; 62 in). The ideal height for mares is 146 centimetres (14.1 hands; 57 in), ranging from 140 centimetres (13.3 hands; 55 in) to 154 centimetres (15.1 hands; 61 in).
Its head is triangular in shape with a straight profile, large nostrils, ears pointing slightly inwards and large, expressive eyes. Stallions have a slight crest on their neck.
Gaits
The breed is smooth-gaited, with two natural intermediate speed ambling gaits, called marcha; the marcha batida, where the feet move diagonally, in a manner similar to a fox trot, and the marcha picada, a four-beat lateral gait, similar to a stepping pace or singlefoot.[4] The picada, which means "light touch" in Portuguese, is usually the smoother of the two, because the lateral movement creates little vertical momentum, and is similar to the paso llano of the Peruvian Paso. Conversely, batida means "to hit", and that gait is similar to the trocha gait of the Paso Fino.[5]
On level ground at a normal speed, the Mangalarga Marchador will overstep slightly; in other words, the hind hoofprints will cover (or slightly pass) the front hoofprints. The marcha is said by breed aficionados to be comfortable to ride. The Mangalarga Marchador does not trot or pace, moving from the marcha into a canter.[4]
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mangalarga Marchador.
^ ab[Conselho Deliberativo Técnico da ABCCMM] (24 June 1998). Padrão da Raça (in Portuguese). Associação Brasileira dos Criadores do Cavalo Mangalarga Marchador. Accessed April 2020.
^ abcPotter, Leslie (May 2014). "The Treasure of Brazil". Horse Illustrated: 18–25. ISSN 0145-9791.
^Breed data sheet: Mangalarga Marchador / Brazil (Horse). Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed April 2020.
^ ab. US Mangalarga Marchador Association. Archived from the original on 6 November 2008. Retrieved 4 December 2008.
^Harris, Claudia. "The Brazilian Paso or the Mangalarga Marchador". Gaited Horse Book and Gift Catalog. Retrieved 4 December 2008.
Hendricks, Bonnie L. The International Encyclopedia of Horse Breeds. University of Oklahoma Press.
Weatherwax, Barbara. The Fabulous Floating Horses.
February 10, 2023
mangalarga, marchador, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, febr. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Mangalarga Marchador news newspapers books scholar JSTOR February 2013 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Mangalarga Marchador is a Brazilian breed of riding horse It is the national horse breed of Brazil where there are more than half a million of them it is among the most numerous breeds of riding horse in the world It derives from cross breeding of Portuguese Alter Real horses with local Criollo stock It displays four gaits the walk the canter and two ambling gaits the marcha batida and the marcha picada it does not trot Mangalarga MarchadorCountry of originBrazilStandardAssociacao Brasileira dos Criadores do Cavalo Mangalarga Marchador in Portuguese U S Mangalarga Marchador AssociationEuropean Association of Mangalarga Marchador in German TraitsHeightMale 1 52 1 57 m 1 Female 1 40 1 54 m 1 Equus ferus caballusTypical conformation Mare showing triple support in the marcha picada Contents 1 History 1 1 Origin 1 2 Breed split 2 Characteristics 2 1 Gaits 3 ReferencesHistory EditOrigin Edit Francisco Gabriel Junqueira Baron of Alfenas began breeding his imported Lusitano to the mares on his farm primarily Barbs along with other breeds brought to Brazil when it was colonized The result was a smooth gaited attractive horse which the baron called Sublime Junqueira sold some of the Sublimes to a friend who had a farm in Paty do Alferes Rio de Janeiro The farm s name was Mangalarga and the owner rode Sublimes to and from Rio de Janeiro In Rio people noticed the smooth gaited attractive Sublimes and began calling them Mangalargas Breeders and researchers note that until at least 1910 most ranchers involved in the breed s development especially Junqueira Family members followed the baron s recommendations to fix the breed s marching gait hardiness endurance health and temperament Breed split Edit In 1934 the Mangalarga Breeders Association was created Its founders wanted to establish a clear direction for breeding and define the breed s function and desired characteristics particularly the intended gait They had largely achieved objectives dating back to 1812 1816 when a number of breeders moved from Minas Gerais where the breed originated to Sao Paulo 2 They had introduced bloodlines from several non gaited horse breeds including the Arabian Anglo Arabian Thoroughbred Lusitano and the American Saddlebred These crosses were intended to adapt the Mangalarga to the local topography with a minimal loss of gait smoothness This blood remains in only a few female lines of the Mangalarga Marchador Friction developed between those who wanted to maintain the breed s original objectives and those defending the new type The Mangalarga Breeders Association closed its stud book in 1943 nine years after its foundation A group of breeders who disagreed with this decision met in 1948 and founded the Association Mangalarga Marchador which became the ABCCMM Although separate breed organizations exist for the Mangalarga and the Mangalarga Marchador and the breeds have different bloodlines and conformation their roots are similar To unite differing factions and create a new stud book the breeders turned to Geraldo Carneiro Carneiro a veterinarian and zoologist was a friend and neighbor of the governor of Minas Gerais and future Brazilian president Juscelino Kubitschek and helped found a new breed association to preserve the original Marchador horse The breeders met in Caxambu where a Mangalarga Marchador museum is located 2 among those present were Joaquim Fernandes Braga superintendent of the Minas Gerais Animal Production Department and Secretary of Agriculture Industry Trade and Labor and personnel from the federal Ministry of Agriculture In 2017 the breed numbered close to 540 000 head in Brazil 3 About 250 are registered with a breed association in the United States 2 Characteristics EditThe Mangalarga Marchador is a medium sized breed with a silky coat prominent withers deep chest a proportionately long back muscular hindquarters a sloping croup and hard hoofs Not all coat colours are accepted for registration appaloosa for example is not For stallions the ideal height is 152 centimetres 15 0 hands 60 in with a range for registration from 147 centimetres 14 2 hands 58 in to 157 centimetres 15 2 hands 62 in The ideal height for mares is 146 centimetres 14 1 hands 57 in ranging from 140 centimetres 13 3 hands 55 in to 154 centimetres 15 1 hands 61 in Its head is triangular in shape with a straight profile large nostrils ears pointing slightly inwards and large expressive eyes Stallions have a slight crest on their neck Gaits Edit The breed is smooth gaited with two natural intermediate speed ambling gaits called marcha the marcha batida where the feet move diagonally in a manner similar to a fox trot and the marcha picada a four beat lateral gait similar to a stepping pace or singlefoot 4 The picada which means light touch in Portuguese is usually the smoother of the two because the lateral movement creates little vertical momentum and is similar to the paso llano of the Peruvian Paso Conversely batida means to hit and that gait is similar to the trocha gait of the Paso Fino 5 On level ground at a normal speed the Mangalarga Marchador will overstep slightly in other words the hind hoofprints will cover or slightly pass the front hoofprints The marcha is said by breed aficionados to be comfortable to ride The Mangalarga Marchador does not trot or pace moving from the marcha into a canter 4 References Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mangalarga Marchador a b Conselho Deliberativo Tecnico da ABCCMM 24 June 1998 Padrao da Raca in Portuguese Associacao Brasileira dos Criadores do Cavalo Mangalarga Marchador Accessed April 2020 a b c Potter Leslie May 2014 The Treasure of Brazil Horse Illustrated 18 25 ISSN 0145 9791 Breed data sheet Mangalarga Marchador Brazil Horse Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Accessed April 2020 a b The Gait US Mangalarga Marchador Association Archived from the original on 6 November 2008 Retrieved 4 December 2008 Harris Claudia The Brazilian Paso or the Mangalarga Marchador Gaited Horse Book and Gift Catalog Retrieved 4 December 2008 Hendricks Bonnie L The International Encyclopedia of Horse Breeds University of Oklahoma Press Weatherwax Barbara The Fabulous Floating Horses Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mangalarga Marchador amp oldid 1073071163, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
