The condyloid process or condylar process is the process on the human and other mammalian species' mandibles that ends in a condyle, the mandibular condyle. It is thicker than the coronoid process of the mandible and consists of two portions: the condyle and the constricted portion which supports it, the neck.
The most superior part of the mandible, the condyle presents an articular surface for articulation with the articular disk of the temporomandibular joint;[1] it is convex from before backward and from side to side, and extends farther on the posterior than on the anterior surface.
Its long axis is directed medialward and slightly backward, and if prolonged to the middle line will meet that of the opposite condyle near the anterior margin of the foramen magnum.
At the lateral extremity of the condyle is a small tubercle for the attachment of the temporomandibular ligament.
The articular surface of the condyle is covered by fibrous tissue, and interfaces with an articular disk (or meniscus) of avascular, non-innervated fibrous tissue (collagen, fibroblasts). When the mouth is closed the meniscus is bordered medially and superiorly by the glenoid fossa of the petrous portion of the temporal bone. When the mouth is opened maximally, the meniscus is distracted anteriorly and inferiorly along the slope of the inferior portion of the temporal bone towards the tubercle, or articular eminence, in order to remain interposed between the condyle and the temporal bone in all jaw positions.
Neckedit
The neck of the process rises from the posterior of the ramus mandibulae.[1] It is flattened from before backward, and strengthened by ridges which descend from the forepart and sides of the condyle.
Its posterior surface is convex; its anterior surface has a depression for the attachment of the lateral pterygoid muscle.[1]
Fracturesedit
Because the articular disk prevents the mandible from moving posteriorly, the condylar neck is often subject to fracturing when the jaw suffers a blow.[1]
Additional imagesedit
Position of condyloid process (shown in red)
Mandible. Position of condyloid process is shown in red.
Mandible. Outer surface. Side view. (Condyle and neck labeled at upper right.)
Inner surface of mandible. Condyloid process is at upper left.
The Pterygoidei; the zygomatic arch and a portion of the ramus of the mandible have been removed.
Horizontal section through left ear; upper half of section.
Frequency of mandibular fractures by location.
Referencesedit
^ abcdBreeland, Grant; Aktar, Aylin; Patel, Bhupendra C. (2021), "Anatomy, Head and Neck, Mandible", StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, PMID 30335325, retrieved 2021-07-08
This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 174 of the 20th edition ofGray's Anatomy(1918)
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Condyloid process.
lesson1 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
Anatomy photo:22:os-1001 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Osteology of the Skull: Mandible of Intact Skull"
condyloid, process, condyloid, process, condylar, process, process, human, other, mammalian, species, mandibles, that, ends, condyle, mandibular, condyle, thicker, than, coronoid, process, mandible, consists, portions, condyle, constricted, portion, which, sup. The condyloid process or condylar process is the process on the human and other mammalian species mandibles that ends in a condyle the mandibular condyle It is thicker than the coronoid process of the mandible and consists of two portions the condyle and the constricted portion which supports it the neck Condyloid processPosition of condyloid process shown in red Mandible Condyloid processes are shown in red DetailsIdentifiersLatinprocessus condylaris mandibulaeMeSHD008335TA98A02 1 15 035TA2872FMA52836Anatomical terms of bone edit on Wikidata Contents 1 Condyle 2 Neck 3 Fractures 4 Additional images 5 References 6 External linksCondyle editThe most superior part of the mandible the condyle presents an articular surface for articulation with the articular disk of the temporomandibular joint 1 it is convex from before backward and from side to side and extends farther on the posterior than on the anterior surface Its long axis is directed medialward and slightly backward and if prolonged to the middle line will meet that of the opposite condyle near the anterior margin of the foramen magnum At the lateral extremity of the condyle is a small tubercle for the attachment of the temporomandibular ligament The articular surface of the condyle is covered by fibrous tissue and interfaces with an articular disk or meniscus of avascular non innervated fibrous tissue collagen fibroblasts When the mouth is closed the meniscus is bordered medially and superiorly by the glenoid fossa of the petrous portion of the temporal bone When the mouth is opened maximally the meniscus is distracted anteriorly and inferiorly along the slope of the inferior portion of the temporal bone towards the tubercle or articular eminence in order to remain interposed between the condyle and the temporal bone in all jaw positions Neck editThe neck of the process rises from the posterior of the ramus mandibulae 1 It is flattened from before backward and strengthened by ridges which descend from the forepart and sides of the condyle Its posterior surface is convex its anterior surface has a depression for the attachment of the lateral pterygoid muscle 1 Fractures editBecause the articular disk prevents the mandible from moving posteriorly the condylar neck is often subject to fracturing when the jaw suffers a blow 1 Additional images edit nbsp Position of condyloid process shown in red nbsp Mandible Position of condyloid process is shown in red nbsp Mandible Outer surface Side view Condyle and neck labeled at upper right nbsp Inner surface of mandible Condyloid process is at upper left nbsp The Pterygoidei the zygomatic arch and a portion of the ramus of the mandible have been removed nbsp Horizontal section through left ear upper half of section nbsp Frequency of mandibular fractures by location References edit a b c d Breeland Grant Aktar Aylin Patel Bhupendra C 2021 Anatomy Head and Neck Mandible StatPearls Treasure Island FL StatPearls Publishing PMID 30335325 retrieved 2021 07 08 nbsp This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 174 of the 20th edition of Gray s Anatomy 1918 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Condyloid process lesson1 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman Georgetown University Anatomy photo 22 os 1001 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center Osteology of the Skull Mandible of Intact Skull Mandibular condyle at the U S National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings MeSH Anatomy diagram 34256 000 2 Roche Lexicon illustrated navigator Elsevier Archived from the original on 2014 01 01 Portal nbsp Anatomy Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Condyloid process amp oldid 1101508374, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
