This article is about the island. For the Manam language, see Manam language. For the Syrian film of Mohammad Malas, see al-Manam. For the film, see Manam (film).
Manam, known locally as Manam Motu, is an island located in the Bismarck Sea across the Stephan Strait from Yawar on the northeast coast of mainland Papua New Guinea's Bogia District. The island is 10 kilometers wide, and was created by the activity of the Manam Volcano, one of the country’s most active. It was evacuated in 2004 and its residents resettled elsewhere in Papua New Guinea, but many have begun to return despite concerns of future volcanic activity. Manam is erupting again as of May 2022. [4]
Manam is a basaltic-andesiticstratovolcano, and despite remarkably symmetrical lower flanks has four distinct valleys, locally known as "avalanche valleys" due to their ability to focus avalanches and particularly pyroclastic flows generated at the summit. These valleys represent the highest-risk areas during eruptions, and, when the island was inhabited, were typically the first areas to be evacuated during heightened activity. The earliest documented eruption of Manam was in 1616.[1]
HistoryEdit
The first recorded sighting by Europeans of Manam Island was by the Spanish navigator Iñigo Órtiz de Retes on 5 August 1545 when on board of the carrackSan Juan tried to return from Tidore to New Spain.[5]
Eruptions and hazardsEdit
Sulfur dioxide cloud released by the January 27, 2005 eruption of Manam, as measured by the OMI aboard NASA's Aura satellite.
Thirteen local residents were killed during an eruption on 3 December 1996, when pyroclastic flows reached the village of Budua.[citation needed]
In November 2004, a major eruption forced the emergency evacuation of over 9,000 inhabitants of the island. The eruption began October 24 but was not seen as a major threat until the wind changed pushing ash and debris towards inhabited areas. Five people died during the eruption. On December 11, the threat was downgraded due to a reduction in activity. There have been significant problems at Bogia on the mainland where the evacuees resettled in camps at Mangem, Asarumba and Potsdam.[6]
In March 2007 the government of Papua New Guinea made a large area of land available for permanent resettlement of displaced islanders at Andarum near Bogia. Also in March 2007, three people were killed by mudslides on the northern part of the island. As of 2014, at least 2000-3000 people have returned to the island despite continued government concerns for their safety.[citation needed]
Manam Islanders have their own language called Manam Pile (literally "Manam talk"), which is spoken on Manam and the nearby Boisa Islands. Manam islanders have a reputation in Papua New Guinea for musicianship and have produced several locally renowned musicians.[citation needed]
manam, motu, this, article, about, island, manam, language, manam, language, syrian, film, mohammad, malas, manam, film, manam, film, manam, known, locally, island, located, bismarck, across, stephan, strait, from, yawar, northeast, coast, mainland, papua, gui. This article is about the island For the Manam language see Manam language For the Syrian film of Mohammad Malas see al Manam For the film see Manam film Manam known locally as Manam Motu is an island located in the Bismarck Sea across the Stephan Strait from Yawar on the northeast coast of mainland Papua New Guinea s Bogia District The island is 10 kilometers wide and was created by the activity of the Manam Volcano one of the country s most active It was evacuated in 2004 and its residents resettled elsewhere in Papua New Guinea but many have begun to return despite concerns of future volcanic activity Manam is erupting again as of May 2022 4 ManamManam VolcanoHighest pointElevation1 807 m 5 928 ft 1 Prominence1 807 m 5 928 ft 2 ListingUltraCoordinates4 04 39 S 145 02 21 E 4 07750 S 145 03917 E 4 07750 145 03917 2 GeographyManamLocation off the coast of New GuineaLocationNortheast of New Guinea Papua New GuineaGeologyMountain typeStratovolcanoLast eruption2010 to 2022 ongoing 3 Contents 1 Geology 2 History 3 Eruptions and hazards 4 Residents 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksGeology Edit Large ash plume From Manam Volcano November 2004Manam is a basaltic andesitic stratovolcano and despite remarkably symmetrical lower flanks has four distinct valleys locally known as avalanche valleys due to their ability to focus avalanches and particularly pyroclastic flows generated at the summit These valleys represent the highest risk areas during eruptions and when the island was inhabited were typically the first areas to be evacuated during heightened activity The earliest documented eruption of Manam was in 1616 1 History EditThe first recorded sighting by Europeans of Manam Island was by the Spanish navigator Inigo ortiz de Retes on 5 August 1545 when on board of the carrack San Juan tried to return from Tidore to New Spain 5 Eruptions and hazards Edit Sulfur dioxide cloud released by the January 27 2005 eruption of Manam as measured by the OMI aboard NASA s Aura satellite Thirteen local residents were killed during an eruption on 3 December 1996 when pyroclastic flows reached the village of Budua citation needed In November 2004 a major eruption forced the emergency evacuation of over 9 000 inhabitants of the island The eruption began October 24 but was not seen as a major threat until the wind changed pushing ash and debris towards inhabited areas Five people died during the eruption On December 11 the threat was downgraded due to a reduction in activity There have been significant problems at Bogia on the mainland where the evacuees resettled in camps at Mangem Asarumba and Potsdam 6 In March 2007 the government of Papua New Guinea made a large area of land available for permanent resettlement of displaced islanders at Andarum near Bogia Also in March 2007 three people were killed by mudslides on the northern part of the island As of 2014 at least 2000 3000 people have returned to the island despite continued government concerns for their safety citation needed Map of Manama and adjacent coastOn March 8 2022 the volcano erupted sending a column of ash 15 km into the atmosphere The eruption was confirmed by the Volcanic Ash Advisory Center in Darwin Australia 7 Residents EditManam Islanders have their own language called Manam Pile literally Manam talk which is spoken on Manam and the nearby Boisa Islands Manam islanders have a reputation in Papua New Guinea for musicianship and have produced several locally renowned musicians citation needed See also EditList of volcanoes in Papua New Guinea List of Ultras of OceaniaReferences Edit a b Manam Global Volcanism Program Smithsonian Institution a b Papua New Guinea Ultra Prominence Page Peaklist org Retrieved 2012 01 13 Manam volcano 19 Feb 2018 Manam Volcano Papua New Guinea NASA Earth Observatory May 30 2022 Coello Francisco Conflicto hispano aleman Boletin de Sociedad Geografica de Madrid t XIX 2º semestre 1885 Madrid p 317 Starving Manam Islanders at Care Centres Speak Out EM TV Online 8 Feb 2016 permanent dead link Large eruption occurs in Papua New Guinea no tsunami in Japan Kyodo News Tokyo Japan 8 March 2022 Retrieved 8 March 2022 External links Edithttp www radioaustralia net au news stories s1876049 htm Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Manam Motu amp oldid 1094852947, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
