This article is about budget legislation failure in a parliamentary-style government. For the corresponding situation in a presidential-style government, see Budget crisis.
Loss of supply occurs where a government in a parliamentary democracy using the Westminster System or a system derived from it is denied a supply of treasury or exchequer funds, by whichever house or houses of parliament or head of state is constitutionally entitled to grant and deny supply. A defeat on a budgetary vote is one way by which supply can be denied. Loss of supply is typically interpreted as indicating a loss of confidence in the government. Not all "money bills" are necessarily supply bills. For instance, in Australia, supply bills are defined as "bills which are required by the Government to carry on its day-to-day business".[1]
When a loss of supply occurs, a prime minister is generally required either by constitutional convention or by explicit constitutional instruction to either resign immediately or seek a parliamentary dissolution.
Some constitutions, however, do not allow the option of parliamentary dissolution but rather require the government to be dissolved or to resign.
A similar deadlock can occur within a presidential system, where it is also known as a budget crisis. In contrast to parliamentary systems, the failure of the legislature to authorize spending may not in all circumstances result in an election, because some such legislatures enjoy fixed terms and so cannot be dissolved before a date of termination, which can result in a prolonged crisis.
A deadlock between a head of state and the legislative body can give rise and cause for a head of state to prematurely dismiss the elected government, requiring it to seek re-election. If a government maintains the support of a majority of legislators or the elected parliamentary representatives, the blocking of supply by a head of state would be seen as an abuse of authority and power. Many western countries have removed or restricted the right of a head of state to block supply or veto a government budget unless there is overwhelming justification and cause for such action.
On 9 March 2011, the Legislative Council of Hong Kong blocked a resolution for provisional appropriations, which, before 2011, had always been a matter of formality. Resolutions for provisional appropriations had never been voted by division until 2011. The government decided, on the following day, to table another resolution with a minor change being made merely for the sake of circumventing procedural requirements that a negatived question cannot be tabled again.
On 13 February 2019, the Spanish Government lost a vote on a budget bill, 191-158, thanks to two allies of the Government, Republican Left of Catalonia and the Catalan European Democratic Party, siding against it. A snap election was immediately called, which eventually led to a new election of a second Sánchez Government. Both of those parties eventually sided with the new Government to pass the 2021 Budget.
References
^Browning A. R. (ed) House of Representatives Practice (Melbourne 1989) page 72.
^Jenny Hocking The Dismissal Dossier Melbourne University Press. 2015
^"Resoconto seduta 27 settembre 1980" (PDF). Retrieved 6 February 2023.
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This article is about budget legislation failure in a parliamentary style government For the corresponding situation in a presidential style government see Budget crisis This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Loss of supply news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message Loss of supply occurs where a government in a parliamentary democracy using the Westminster System or a system derived from it is denied a supply of treasury or exchequer funds by whichever house or houses of parliament or head of state is constitutionally entitled to grant and deny supply A defeat on a budgetary vote is one way by which supply can be denied Loss of supply is typically interpreted as indicating a loss of confidence in the government Not all money bills are necessarily supply bills For instance in Australia supply bills are defined as bills which are required by the Government to carry on its day to day business 1 When a loss of supply occurs a prime minister is generally required either by constitutional convention or by explicit constitutional instruction to either resign immediately or seek a parliamentary dissolution Some constitutions however do not allow the option of parliamentary dissolution but rather require the government to be dissolved or to resign A similar deadlock can occur within a presidential system where it is also known as a budget crisis In contrast to parliamentary systems the failure of the legislature to authorize spending may not in all circumstances result in an election because some such legislatures enjoy fixed terms and so cannot be dissolved before a date of termination which can result in a prolonged crisis A deadlock between a head of state and the legislative body can give rise and cause for a head of state to prematurely dismiss the elected government requiring it to seek re election If a government maintains the support of a majority of legislators or the elected parliamentary representatives the blocking of supply by a head of state would be seen as an abuse of authority and power Many western countries have removed or restricted the right of a head of state to block supply or veto a government budget unless there is overwhelming justification and cause for such action Examples of the threat or loss of supply EditIn 1909 the UK House of Lords voted against the People s Budget precipitating two general elections and the Parliament Act 1911 which limited the power of the Lords In the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis the elected Senate delayed voting on a bill to authorize supply for the government demanding that the Prime Minister Gough Whitlam call an election for the House of Representatives Whitlam was dismissed by the Governor General Sir John Kerr on the basis of his refusal to either resign or request a dissolution 2 In December 1979 in Canada the Progressive Conservative government of Joe Clark was defeated on a budget vote Clark called the 1980 Canadian federal election as a result Pierre Trudeau and the Liberals won a majority of seats in the House of Commons of Canada Clark resigned as prime minister and was replaced by Trudeau In September 1980 the Italian Chamber of Deputies rejected a budget bill proposed by the second Cossiga government following a 298 297 vote taken by secret ballot Francesco Cossiga consequently resigned as prime minister and was replaced by Arnaldo Forlani 3 The defeat of Garret FitzGerald s government in a budget vote in Dail Eireann in the Republic of Ireland in 1982 FitzGerald immediately sought and was granted a Dail dissolution 4 On 9 March 2011 the Legislative Council of Hong Kong blocked a resolution for provisional appropriations which before 2011 had always been a matter of formality Resolutions for provisional appropriations had never been voted by division until 2011 The government decided on the following day to table another resolution with a minor change being made merely for the sake of circumventing procedural requirements that a negatived question cannot be tabled again On 13 February 2019 the Spanish Government lost a vote on a budget bill 191 158 thanks to two allies of the Government Republican Left of Catalonia and the Catalan European Democratic Party siding against it A snap election was immediately called which eventually led to a new election of a second Sanchez Government Both of those parties eventually sided with the new Government to pass the 2021 Budget References Edit Browning A R ed House of Representatives Practice Melbourne 1989 page 72 Jenny Hocking The Dismissal Dossier Melbourne University Press 2015 Resoconto seduta 27 settembre 1980 PDF Retrieved 6 February 2023 Dail debates Vol 332 cc 380 414 Archived 2012 09 22 at the Wayback Machine Vol 333 cc 3 4 Archived 2011 06 07 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Loss of supply amp oldid 1137833882, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
