List of tallest buildings in Sydney

Sydney, the largest city in Australia, is home to 1,168 completed high-rise buildings, more than any other city in Australia.^[1] Of those completed or topped out, the entire city (including metropolitan suburbs) has 47 buildings that reach a height of at least 150 metres (490 ft), of which 16 reach a height of at least 200 metres (656 ft) – the second–highest number of skyscrapers in Australia,^[2][3][4] as well as a further 16 buildings rising to at least 150 metres (490 ft) in height currently under construction.

A north-western view of the Sydney central business district skyline in January 2021

Although the tallest buildings in the city have historically been concentrated in the central business district and immediate surrounding areas such as Barangaroo and Ultimo, suburbs within the Sydney metropolitan area have all seen a substantial surge in the development of high rises and skyscrapers in recent years, with major satellite centres such as Chatswood, Parramatta, North Sydney, St Leonards and Macquarie Park all witnessing or playing host to the construction of skyscrapers rising above 150 metres. As a result, Sydney has the tallest building and most skyscrapers (reaching at least 150 metres or above) outside an inner city area or core in Australia.^[5]

Sydney was one of the first cities in Australia and internationally to welcome the introduction of skyscrapers and high-rise office blocks in the mid 20th century, alongside cities in the U.S., including New York City and Chicago. Witnessing a boom in the 20th century, Sydney has played host to various buildings which have held the title of the tallest building in Australia including St James' Church, the Sydney Town Hall, the Garden Palace, the General Post Office, AWA Tower, AMP Building, 25 Martin Place, and the Australia Square tower in 1967 at 170 metres tall (558 ft), which was Australia's first true skyscraper as defined as rising above or at least 150 metres high.^[6] Since 2020, Crown Sydney has been Sydney's tallest building and the 4th tallest building in Australia, rising to a height of 271 metres (889 ft).

History

19th century

Sydney played host to Australia's first tallest building in 1824 with the construction of St James' Church. Standing at a height of 52 metres (170 ft), it was commissioned by Governor Lachlan Macquarie in 1819, designed by Francis Greenway and constructed between 1820 and 1824 using convict labour.^[7] The partially complete Sydney Town Hall, built in Victorian Second Empire style, surpassed this height in 1878 with the completion of its clock tower that stood at a height of 57 metres (187 ft).^[8] This title was briefly held until the completion of the Garden Palace in 1879, standing at a height of 64 m (210 ft).^[9] The Garden Palace likewise only held this title as tallest briefly, after its demise from a fire in 1882. Hence, the Sydney Town Hall once again became Sydney's tallest until 1891 with the completion of the General Post Office. Standing at a height of 73 m (239 ft), the GPO was at the time described upon opening by the Postmaster General as a building that "will not be surpassed by any other similar structure in the southern hemisphere".^[10][11]

20th century

 

The Circular Quay and city skyline, 1920s

Towards the end of the 19th century and throughout the beginning of the 20th century, advances in building technology and design coupled with rising urban land values meant that high rise buildings became an attractive proposition in Sydney.^[12] Considered to be Sydney's first high-rise office building, Culwulla Chambers, was completed in 1912 and stood at a height of 50 metres (160 ft). Designed by Spain, Cosh and Minnett, the building consisted of 14 floors and cost £100,000 to build, equivalent of approximately $1 million in today's money.^[13] This new wave of construction of taller buildings consequently raised concerns over fire risks, namely the inadequate firefighting resources of the period that failed to reach such heights.^[14] The fire in the 8 storey Anthony Hordern & Sons building in 1901, which resulted in the death of 5 people, was notably one of the first cases to raise such concerns.^[15] In 1907, Alfred Webb; the then Superintendent of the Sydney Metropolitan Fire Brigade, described how it was "a suicidal policy to allow buildings of 100 feet to go up. Our extension ladders rise to a height of 80 feet, and it might be possible to add another 10 feet to them; but the effectiveness of their working is materially decreased as the height is added to." Additionally, public backlash against increased heights also became apparent during this period, primarily stemming from sentiments that taller buildings did not match the aesthetic of Sydney's streetscape and that they would become a source of increased overcrowding and congestion.^[12] As a result, the Height of Buildings Act was passed in 1912, which limited all new buildings to a height of 46 metres (150 feet). This restriction would go on to stunt the height of Sydney's buildings, lasting until 1957.^[16][17]

Despite these height restrictions, 1939 saw the completion of the AWA Tower, which finally surpassed the General Post Office's title as Sydney's tallest after 48 years. At a height of 112 metres (367 ft), the AWA tower also became the city's first building to surpass a height of 100 metres (328 ft), and would go on to stay as the tallest until 1962.^[18]

 

The Sydney skyline in 1970. Visible (from right) is Gold Fields House, Australia Square, the AMP Building, and the State Office Block

1960s and 1970s

With growing demand for office space, the abolition of the 46 metre (150 feet) height limit in 1957 saw a subsequent construction boom for taller buildings beginning in the late 50s through to the early 1960s. During this period, Sydney played host to the construction of various new towers that would subsequently stand as the tallest in the nation. In 1962, the modernist AMP Building was completed, becoming the tallest building in Australia at a height of 115 metres (377 ft). Shortly after, Australia Square was completed in 1967, also taking the title tallest in Australia at 170 metres (558 ft). At the time, Australia Square was the world's tallest light weight concrete building^[19][20] and was also the first true skyscraper in Australia at over 150 metres (492 ft) as defiined by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat.

Following this, the 1970s saw Sydney continue its construction boom and status as the city with the nation's tallest buildings. In 1976, the AMP Centre (now the Quay Quarter Tower) was completed, standing at a record height of 188 metres (616 ft). This title was short-lived, with the completion of the Harry Seidler designed MLC Centre in 1977, which stood at a height of 228 metres, the first building in Australia to surpass 200 metres (656 ft).

1980s and 1990s

Since 1981, the Sydney Tower has stood as the tallest structure in Sydney at 309 m (1,014 ft), though as an observation tower, it fails to be classified as a building as defined by architectural standards set by the CTBUH.^[21] In 1992, the Chifley Tower became the tallest building in Sydney at a height of 244 metres (801 ft). The 1990s was also a period which saw the construction of numerous residential skyscrapers, starting with The Peak in 1996 at a height of 168 metres (551 ft), followed by the Century Tower in 1997 at a height of 183 metres (600 ft).

21st century

A 235-metre (771 ft) height restriction implementation persisted in Sydney's building regulations well into the early 2010s. However, this height restriction was lifted in 2016, allowing buildings to be built as high as 310 metres (1,020 ft) on condition that public spaces were not overshadowed.^[22] This was further raised to 330 metres (1,080 ft) at the end of 2019.^[23]

Sydney's most recent residential tower, 505 George Street, will rise 270 metres, comprising 80 stories much of it serviced apartments. As the tower penetrates Sydney Airport's Obstacle Limitation Surfaces (OLS) it will require an Aeronautical Impact assessment approval.^[24]

The current tallest building in Sydney, and the fourth tallest in Australia is Crown Sydney. Completed in 2020 it stands at a height of 271 m (889 ft), overtaking the Chifley Tower's previous title as tallest in Sydney, standing at a height of 244 metres (801 feet).

 

The Sydney central business district skyline in 2014

Tallest buildings

This list ranks completed buildings in Sydney that stands at least 150 m (492 ft) tall, including new buildings which have fully reached their architectural height. All structures are measured to the highest architectural detail, including spires.^[25]

Note: Sydney Tower is not included as it is defined as a structure, as opposed to a building.

  Was Sydney's tallest building when completed

Rank	Name	Image	Height (m)	Height (ft)	Floors	Year	Purpose	Location	Address	Notes
1	Crown Sydney		271	889	75	2020	Mixed use	Barangaroo	1-11 Barangaroo Avenue	Tallest building in Sydney since 2020, 4th tallest building in Australia. Completed in December 2020.^[26]
2	Salesforce Tower		263	863	53	2022	Commercial	CBD	180 George Street	Tallest commercial building in Sydney since 2022. Completed in November 2022^[27]
3	One Sydney Harbour (Tower 1)		247	810	72	2022	Residential	Barangaroo	Barangaroo Avenue	Tallest residential building in Sydney since 2022. Topped out in December 2022^[28]
4	Chifley Tower		244	801	50	1992	Commercial	CBD	2 Chifley Square	Tallest building in Sydney from 1992 to 2019. Originally 241m until a 3m lightning rod was added in 2000. Designed by Kohn Pedersen Fox.^[29]
5	Citigroup Centre		243	797	50	2000	Commercial	CBD	2 Park Street	Designed by Crone Partners
6	Deutsche Bank Place		240	787	39	2005	Commercial	CBD	126 Phillip Street	The second-tallest building in the world with fewer than 40 floors. 160m to roof. Designed by Norman Foster.
7	Greenland Centre		237	778	67	2021	Residential	CBD	115 Bathurst Street	Completed in March 2021.^[30] Tallest residential building in Sydney from 2021 to 2022
= 8	6 & 8 Parramatta Square		230	754	55	2022	Commercial	Parramatta	6-8 Parramatta Square	Tallest building in Parramatta^[31]
= 8	Meriton World Tower		230	754	75	2004	Residential	CBD	85 Liverpool Street	Tallest residential building in Sydney from 2004 to 2020. Part of the World Square complex. Designed by Nation Fender Katsalidis.
10	25 Martin Place		228	748	60	1977	Commercial	CBD	19 Martin Place	244m to antenna and 227m to roof. Tallest building in Sydney from 1977 to 1992. Designed by Harry Seidler.
11	Governor Phillip Tower		227	745	61	1993	Commercial	CBD	1 Farrer Place	254m to antenna and 227m to roof. Designed by Denton Corker Marshall.^[32]
12	Latitude		222	728	45	2004	Commercial	CBD	680 George Street	190m to roof. Part of the World Square complex.
13	Aurora Place		219	718	41	2000	Commercial	CBD	88 Phillip Street	More commonly known as Aurora Place but officially RBS Tower. 188m to roof. Designed by Renzo Piano.^[33]
14	International Tower 1		217	711	50	2016	Commercial	Barangaroo	100 Barangaroo Avenue	Designed by Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners.^[34]
15	Quay Quarter Tower		216	709	54	1976/2022	Commercial	CBD	50 Bridge Street	Originally built as the AMP Centre in 1976 at 188 m (617 ft); the tallest building in Sydney upon completion. Redeveloped from 2018. Designed by 3XN Architects.
16	180 George Street (North Tower)		213	699	67	2022	Residential	Parramatta	180 George Street	Tallest residential building in Parramatta. Topped out in July 2022
17	ANZ Tower		195	639	46	2013	Commercial	CBD	161 Castlereagh Street	Designed by Francis-Jones Morehen Thorp
18	Suncorp Place		193	633	48	1982	Commercial	CBD	259 George Street	Construction began in 1970 and was not completed until 1982, as the project was delayed many times.
19	180 George Street (South Tower)		189	620	59	2022	Residential	Parramatta	180 George Street	Topped out in November 2022
20	Century Tower		183	600	50	1997	Residential	CBD	343 Pitt Street	Tallest residential building in Sydney from 1997–2004.
21	86-88 Walker Street		181	594	47	2022	Commercial	North Sydney	86-88 Walker Street	Tallest building in North Sydney. Topped out in June 2022
22	Grosvenor Place		180	590	45	1988	Commercial	CBD	225 George Street	Designed by Harry Seidler.^[35]
23	International Tower 2		178	583	43	2015^[36]	Commercial	Barangaroo	200 Barangaroo Avenue	Designed by Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners.
24	Altitude - Tower A		177	581	55	2017^[37]	Residential	Parramatta	330 Church Street
25	Capita Centre		173	567	31	1989	Commercial	CBD	9 Castlereagh Street	Designed by Harry Seidler.^[38]
=26	Australia Square Tower		170	557	46	1967	Commercial	CBD	264 George Street	Tallest building in Sydney from 1967–1976. Designed by Harry Seidler.
=26	Meriton Tower		170	557	48	2006	Residential	CBD	551 George Street	Designed by Harry Seidler.
=26	Metro Grand Residences		170	557	40	2014	Residential	Chatswood	438 Victoria Avenue	^[39]
=29	The Peak		168	551	46	1996	Residential	Haymarket	2 Quay Street	Tallest residential building in Sydney from 1996–1997. Part of the Market City complex.
=29	International Tower 3		168	551	40	2016	Commercial	Barangaroo	300 Barangaroo Avenue	Designed by Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners.^[40]
=31	1 O'Connell Street		166	544	36	1991	Commercial	CBD	1 O'Connell Street	Designed by Peddle Thorp & Walker.
=31	Westpac Place		166	544	35	2005	Commercial	CBD	275 Kent Street	Designed by Johnson Pilton Walker
33	201 Elizabeth Street		165	541	40	1978	Commercial	CBD	201 Elizabeth Street	Formerly known as the Pacific Power Building.
34	Gateway Plaza		164	538	46	1989	Commercial	CBD	1 Macquarie Place	Designed by Peddle Thorp & Walker.^[41]
35	HSBC Centre		162	531	37	1988	Commercial	CBD	580 George Street	Formerly known as The Pavilion Building.
36	1 Denison Street		159	522	48	2020	Commercial	North Sydney	1 Denison Street	Topped out in December 2019. Completed in August 2020^[42]
=37	The Cove		158	518	45	2003	Residential	CBD	129 Harrington Street	Designed by Harry Seidler.
=37	4 Parramatta Square		158	518	39	2020	Commercial	Parramatta	4 Parramatta Square	Topped out in July 2019. Completed in early 2020^[43]
39	88 by JQZ		157	515	49	2022	Residential	St Leonards	88 Christie Street	Topped out in late 2021^[44]
40	Hordern Towers		156	511	48	1999	Residential	CBD	401 Pitt Street	Part of the World Square Complex.
=41	EY Centre		155	508	40	2015	Commercial	CBD	200 George Street	Designed by Francis-Jones Morehen Thorp.^[45]^[46]
=41	Metro Spire Residences		155	508	37	2014	Residential	Chatswood	440 Victoria Avenue	^[47]
=43	100 Mount Street		152	498	39	2019	Commercial	North Sydney	100 Mount Street	Completed in June 2019
=43	Angel Place		152	498	35	2000	Commercial	CBD	123 Pitt Street	Designed by Peddle Thorp & Walker.
=43	Sydney Central		152	498	31	1992	Commercial	CBD	477 Pitt Street
=46	85 Castlereagh Street		151	495	32	2011	Commercial	CBD	85 Castlereagh Street	Part of the Sydney Tower complex. Also known as the JP Morgan building. Designed by John Wardle Architects.^[48]
=46	Lumière Residences		151	495	47	2007	Residential	CBD	487 George Street	Designed by Norman Foster.

Skylines

 

Sydney CBD
150m +
Completed/Topped out: 31
Under construction: 6
Tallest building: Salesforce Tower (263m)

 

Barangaroo
150m +
Completed/Topped out: 5
Under construction: 1
Tallest building: Crown Sydney (271m)

 

Parramatta
150m+
Completed/Topped out: 5
Under construction: 3
Tallest building: 6 & 8 Parramatta Square (230m)

 

North Sydney
150m+
Completed/Topped out: 3
Under construction: 1
Tallest building: 86-88 Walker Street (181m)

 

Chatswood
150m+
Completed/Topped out: 2
Tallest building: Metro Grand Residences (170m)

 

St Leonards
150m+
Completed/Topped out: 1
Tallest building: 88 by JQZ (157m)

 

Rhodes
150m +
Under construction: 1
Tallest building: Rhodes Central (144m)

 

Sydney Olympic Park
100m +
Completed/Topped out: 3
Tallest building: Boomerang on Olympic Boulevard (126m)

Tallest buildings proposed, approved and under construction

This is a list of 150m+ proposed, approved and under construction skyscrapers in Sydney.^[49][50]

Key:

Topped out

Under construction

Approved

Proposed

Name	Height		Storeys	Purpose	Completion	Location	Status
	m	ft
56 Pitt Street	314	1,030	75	Commercial	2029	Sydney CBD	Proposed^[51]^[52]^[53]
505 George Street	270	890	80	Residential	TBA	Sydney CBD	Approved^[54]^[55]
Hunter Street East Metro Tower	260	850	58	Commercial	TBA	Sydney CBD	Proposed
338 Pitt Street Tower 1	258	846	80	Mixed use	TBA	Sydney CBD	Approved^[56]
338 Pitt Street Tower 2	258	846	80	Mixed use	TBA	Sydney CBD	Approved^[56]
One Sydney Harbour Tower 1	247	810	70	Residential	2023	Barangaroo	Topped out^[57]
8-14 Great Western Highway	243	797	75	Residential	TBA	Parramatta	Proposed
55 Pitt Street	238	781	56	Commercial	2026	Sydney CBD	Under construction^[58]
Burramatta Place	234	768	57	Commercial	TBA	Parramatta	Proposed
One Sydney Harbour Tower 2	232	761	60	Residential	2023	Barangaroo	Under construction^[59]
7 Hassall Street	220	720	63	Residential	TBA	Parramatta	Proposed
187 Thomas Street	218	715	49	Mixed use	TBA	Sydney CBD	Proposed
2 O'Connell Street	217	712	66	Residential	TBA	Parramatta	Approved^[60]
Affinity Place	214	702	55	Commercial	TBA	North Sydney	Approved^[61]
15-25 Hunter Street	214	702	52	Commercial	TBA	Sydney CBD	Proposed
180 George Street (North Tower)	213	699	67	Residential	2023	Parramatta	Topped out^[62]
601 Pacific Highway	212	696	63	Mixed use	TBA	St Leonards	Proposed
Hunter Street West Metro Tower	211	692	51	Commercial	TBA	Sydney CBD	Proposed
Westfield Tower	210	690	46	Mixed use	TBA	Parramatta	Proposed^[63]
Hyde Metropolitan	208	682	55	Mixed use	TBA	Sydney CBD	Proposed
4-6 Bligh Street	205	673	55	Mixed use	TBA	Sydney CBD	Approved
12 Hassall Street	201	659	61	Residential	TBA	Parramatta	Proposed
8 Phillip Street	198	650	58	Residential	TBA	Parramatta	Under construction^[64]
One Circular Quay	197	646	59	Residential	TBA	Sydney CBD	Under construction^[65]
Trilogy - Building C	192	630	59	Residential	TBA	Macquarie Park	Under construction^[66]
195 Church Street (Office Tower)	193	633	45	Commercial	TBA	Parramatta	Approved^[67]
50-52 Phillip Street	192	630	47	Hotel	TBA	Sydney CBD	Proposed^[68]
Cockle Bay Park	192	630	46	Commercial	TBA	Darling Harbour	Proposed^[69]
372 Pitt Street	190	620	60	Mixed use	TBA	Sydney CBD	Approved^[70]
286-300 Church Street	190	620	~60	Residential	TBA	Parramatta	Proposed
Chifley South	188	617	44	Commercial	TBA	Sydney CBD	Approved^[71]
Toga Central	186	610	45	Commercial	TBA	Sydney CBD	Proposed
180 George Street (South Tower)	186	610	59	Residential	2023	Parramatta	Topped out^[62]
Atlassian Tower	184	604	36	Commercial	2027	Sydney CBD	Under construction^[72]
524-542 Pacific Hwy	182	597	53	Mixed use	TBA	St Leonards	Proposed
87 Church Street	180	590	55	Residential	TBA	Parramatta	Approved^[73]
142 Macquarie Street	180	590	32	Mixed use	TBA	Parramatta	Proposed
86-88 Walker Street	180	590	47	Mixed use	2023	North Sydney	Topped out
617-621 Pacific Highway	175	574	50	Mixed use	TBA	St Leonards	Proposed
Martin Place Metro Tower	174	571	40	Commercial	2024	Sydney CBD	Under construction^[74]
Victoria Cross Metro Tower	170	560	40	Commercial	2023	North Sydney	Under construction^[75]
City Tattersalls Club Tower	168	551	48	Mixed use	TBA	Sydney CBD	Under construction^[76]
Macquarie Towers (North Tower)	167	548	54	Residential	TBA	Parramatta	Approved^[77]
Harbourside	166	545	50	Residential	TBA	Darling Harbour	Approved^[78]
135 George Street	166	545	51	Mixed use	TBA	Parramatta	Approved^[79]
133-145 Castlereagh Street	165	541	37	Commercial	TBA	Sydney CBD	Approved^[80]
Paramount on Parkes	158	518	47	Mixed use	2024	Harris Park	Under construction
116 Macquarie Street	156	512	48	Residential	TBA	Parramatta	Under construction^[81]
74 Church Street	155	509	44	Mixed use	TBA	Parramatta	Proposed
Parkline Place	155	509	39	Mixed use	2024	Sydney CBD	Under construction^[82]
Central Place	154	505	38	Commercial	TBA	Sydney CBD	Approved^[83]
81 George Street	154	505	37	Commercial	TBA	Parramatta	Proposed
34 Walker Street	152	499	45	Residential	2024	Rhodes	Under construction^[84]
195 Church Street (Residential Tower)	152	499	43	Residential	TBA	Parramatta	Approved^[67]
Trilogy - Building B	152	499	46	Residential	TBA	Macquarie Park	Under construction^[85]
525 George Street	150	490	40	Mixed use	TBA	Sydney CBD	Proposed

Timeline of tallest buildings

This list includes buildings that once stood as tallest in Sydney.^{[3][86][87][88][89][90]}

Name	Image	Years as tallest	Height	Floors	Notes
Hunter Clock Tower		1797–1806	45 m (150 ft)	–	Collapsed in 1806. Site of Old St Philip's Church.
Government Windmill		1806–1809	12 m (40 ft)	–	Demolished in the 1850s for the Sydney Observatory.
Old St Philip's Church		1809–1812	15 m (49 ft)	4	Demolished in 1856.
Commissariat Stores		1812-1824	18 m (59 ft)	4	Demolished in 1939.
St James' Church		1824–1875	52 m (170 ft)	–	Tallest building in Australia (1824 - 1875). Sydney's earliest tallest building still in existence.
Town Hall		1878–1879	57 m (187 ft)	4	Tallest building in Australia (1878 - 1879)
Garden Palace		1879–1882	64 m (210 ft)	2	Destroyed by fire in 1882. Tallest building in Australia (1879 - 1882)
Town Hall		1882–1891	57 m (187 ft)	4	Tallest building in Australia (1882 - 1891)
General Post Office		1891–1932	73 m (239 ft)	5	Tallest building in Australia (1891 - 1932)
AWA Tower		1939–1962	112 m (367 ft)	14
AMP Building		1962–1965	115 m (377 ft)	26
State Office Block		1965–1967	128 m (419 ft)	38	Demolished in 1997 to make way for Aurora Place. Tallest building ever to have been demolished in Sydney.
Australia Square Tower		1967–1976	170 m (557 ft)	46
AMP Centre		1976–1977	188 m (616 ft)	45	Redeveloped into the Quay Quarter Tower (216m) from 2018-2021.
25 Martin Place		1977–1992	228 m (748 ft)	60
Chifley Tower		1992–2020	244 m (801 ft)	50	15th-tallest building in Australia.
Crown Sydney		2020–present	271 m (889 ft)	75	Tallest building in Sydney 2020–present; 4th tallest building in Australia.

 

Sydney's tallest building (blue) and tallest structure (grey) from 1789 to 2021.

See also

•  New South Wales portal
•  Architecture portal

• List of tallest buildings in Chatswood
• List of tallest buildings in Parramatta
• List of tallest buildings in Australia
• List of tallest buildings and structures in Australia
• Buildings and architecture of Sydney
• List of tallest buildings in Oceania
•   Cities portal

References

1. . Emporis. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
2. Sydney - The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Retrieved 5 June 2016
3. . Emporis. Archived from the original on 16 January 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
4. . Emporis. Archived from the original on 7 November 2012. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
5. "Sydney - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
6. "Sydney's Tallest Buildings - from 1788 to today". www.visitsydneyaustralia.com.au. Retrieved 22 April 2020.
7. "St James Anglican church Queens Square | The Dictionary of Sydney". dictionaryofsydney.org. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
8. Emporis, Emporis. "Town Hall". from the original on 23 July 2021.
9. Emporis, Emporis. "Garden Palace". from the original on 10 September 2021.
10. "Sydney's Tallest Buildings - from 1788 to today". www.visitsydneyaustralia.com.au. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
11. Emporis, Emporis. "General Post Office". from the original on 25 July 2021.
12. Roberts, Alex; O'Malley, Pat (5 November 2011). "Skyscrapers, Fire and the City: Building Regulation in Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Sydney". Rochester, NY. SSRN 1954213. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
13. . State Library of New South Wales. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
14. Magazine, Smithsonian; Novak, Matt. "The Anti-Skyscraper Law That Shaped Sydney, Australia". Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
15. "Lost Sydney: Anthony Hordern & Sons department store". www.visitsydneyaustralia.com.au. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
16. "Modernism". australia.gov.au. Retrieved 19 June 2016.
17. McMahon, Bill (2001). The Architecture of East Australia: An Architectural History. Edition Axel Menges. p. 64. ISBN 9783930698905.
18. "AWA Building and Tower". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning and Environment. H00665. Retrieved 13 October 2018.   Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.
19. . architecture.com.au. The Australian Institute of Architects. 6 May 2005. Archived from the original on 23 July 2008. Retrieved 2 May 2008.
20. "Planning". Dictionary of Sydney. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
21. "Centrepoint Tower". Sydney Architecture. Retrieved 8 February 2011.
22. Lambert, Olivia (14 July 2016). "Sydney is growing while Melbourne shrinks". News.com.au — Australia's Leading News Site. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
23. "330M towers set to supercharge Sydney skyline". The Daily Telegraph.
24. "270 metre tall Event Cinema, George Street tower needs Aeronautical Impact approval". www.propertyobserver.com.au. 28 August 2019. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
25. Sydney + Parramatta Building List (Completed; Arch. Topped Out; Struct. Topped Out) — The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
26. "Inside $2.2b Crown Towers Sydney, 2020's most exciting opening". travel.nine.com.au. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
27. Wignell, Liam (24 November 2022). "Salesforce Tower marks official completion". The Property Tribune. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
28. "One Sydney Harbour exceeds $3.7b sales as Residences One reaches highest point". www.lendlease.com. 8 December 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
29. Chifley Tower - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. 21 January 2015
30. "Sydney Greenland Centre - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
31. "6 & 8 Parramatta Square - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
32. Governor Phillip Tower. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
33. Aurora Place - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
34. International Towers Tower 1 - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
35. Grosvenor Place - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
36. Tower 2 International Towers Sydney - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. 2 January 2015
37. "Altitude Apartments Tower A". The Skyscraper Center. Retrieved 20 October 2016.
38. Castlereagh Centre - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
39. Metro Grand Residences – The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 5 June 2016
40. Tower 2 International Towers Sydney - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. 5 June 2016
41. Gateway Plaza - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
42. "1 Denison Street - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
43. "4 Parramatta Square - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
44. "Planet Plumbing on LinkedIn: #construction #sydney #building". www.linkedin.com. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
45. 200 George Street – Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 16 December 2015
46. Power, Julie (7 December 2022). "Sydney is getting taller, but is it getting better?". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 7 December 2022.
47. Metro Spire Residences – The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 5 June 2016
48. 85 Castlereagh Street - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
49. "Sydney". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
50. "City of Sydney | Buildings". Emporis. Retrieved 18 February 2012.^{[dead link]}
51. Object, object (14 August 2019). "Dexus Plans Commercial 'Super Sites' in Sydney, Melbourne". The Urban Developer. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
52. "Dailytelegraph.com.au | Subscribe to The Daily Telegraph for exclusive stories". www.dailytelegraph.com.au. Retrieved 26 September 2020.
53. Fuary-Wagner, Ingrid (24 February 2020). "Signs of life in Sydney CBD as AEW plans to sell $250m tower". Commercial Real Estate. Retrieved 26 September 2020.
54. "505 George Street". The Skyscraper Centre. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
55. Object, object (15 May 2020). "Coombes, Mirvac Win Approval for George Street Skyscraper". The Urban Developer. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
56. "Sydney council approves city-shaping project by FJMT-led team". Retrieved 29 March 2021.
57. "One Sydney Harbour Tower 1 - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
58. "Mirvac sees return of apartments, plans to launch seven new projects". Australian Financial Review. 12 August 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
59. "One Sydney Harbour Tower 2 - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
60. "Dailytelegraph.com.au | Subscribe to The Daily Telegraph for exclusive stories". www.dailytelegraph.com.au. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
61. "DA 19/21". North Sydney Council. Retrieved 25 January 2021.
62. . Archived from the original on 25 April 2020.
63. The Argyle Tower - The Skyscraper Center. The Skyscraper Center
64. "8 Phillip Street - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
65. "Who will be the architect of Sydney's most expensive new apartment at Circular Quay?". Architecture and Design.
66. "Destination Tower C, Macquarie Park - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
67. "LEPs Online- Proposal Details". leptracking.planning.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
68. "50-52 Phillip Street New Hotel Stage 1 Concept DA & Demolition". NSW Planning Portal. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
69. "Demolition of existing structures Staged DA". NSW Government Planning and Environment. October 2005.
70. "Green light for $500m Pitt Street hotel skyscraper". Australian Financial Review. 27 September 2022. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
71. "Charter Hall checks in for new Chifley South tower". Australian Financial Review. 23 August 2022. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
72. "Construction commences on world-leading Atlassian HQ at Sydney's Tech Central". NSW Government. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
73. "Dailytelegraph.com.au | Subscribe to The Daily Telegraph for exclusive stories". www.dailytelegraph.com.au. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
74. "Martin Place Metro Towers Complex - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
75. Object, object (19 February 2021). "North Sydney Skyscraper Breaks Ground". The Urban Developer. Retrieved 19 February 2021.
76. "City Tatts high-rise tower gets the green light". Australian Financial Review. 22 November 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
77. "Dailytelegraph.com.au | Subscribe to The Daily Telegraph for exclusive stories". www.dailytelegraph.com.au. Retrieved 18 September 2020.
78. NSW Government Digital Channels, Department of Enterprise (16 September 2022). "Harbourside redevelopment to transform Sydney's Darling Harbour | NSW Government". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
79. "135 George Street & 118 Harris Street, Parramatta (Albion Hotel site)". Participate Parramatta. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
80. Tabet, Ted (29 June 2021). "Stockland's $1.5bn Sydney Headquarters Approved". The Urban Developer. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
81. "48 storey mixed use tower | Planning Portal - Department of Planning and Environment". www.planningportal.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
82. "Pitt Street North Over Station Development". www.planning.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
83. "Subscribe to The Australian | Newspaper home delivery, website, iPad, iPhone & Android apps". www.theaustralian.com.au. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
84. "34 Walker Street Tower 1 - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
85. "Destination Tower A, Macquarie Park - The Skyscraper Center". www.skyscrapercenter.com. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
86. . Emporis. Archived from the original on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
87. "Sydney's Tallest Buildings". Pocket Oz. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
88. "TCN's new tower is quite an Eiffel!". National Library of Australia. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
89. "World War One – The Home Front – The Pennant Hills Wireless Station". City of Parramatta. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
90. "Sydney's skyline has been flanked by controversy for more than a century, writes Troy Lennon". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 10 January 2021.

• (General database for Skyscrapers)