Digoxin is a widely used medication that is effective for many cardiac conditions in adults and children. Some side effects are expected, some are common but serious, some are uncommon and not serious and others are rare but serious.[1]
Digoxin may be prescribed for a child to treat heart defects. Possible side effects in children are: dysrhythmia, nausea, vomiting, a slower-than-normal heart rate and anorexia.[4] Children may demonstrate side effects if they are breastfed. Digoxin is also absorbed by the infant in utero.[5]
Geriatric considerationsedit
Kidney function gradually decreases as someone ages. The elderly are also likely to be underweight. In addition, these older people tend to be dehydrated and be taking other medications. These factors increase the likelihood of developing side effects of digoxin and digoxin toxicity. Often lowering the dose is considered by the prescriber.[6]
The side effects related to toxicity are used to assess the therapeutic range in a person. In toxicity, the usual supportive measures are provided. If arrhythmias prove troublesome, or malignanthyperkalaemia occurs (inexorably rising potassium level due to paralysis of the cell membrane-bound, ATPase-dependent Na/K pumps), the specific antidote is antidigoxin (antibody fragments against digoxin, trade names Digibind and Digifab).[7] Digoxin is not removed by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis with enough effectiveness to treat toxicity.[citation needed]
Patients taking digoxin should avoid taking hawthorn.[9]
Side effects due to dietary supplementsedit
Side effects can become pronounced due to the interactions of digoxin and these substances: licorice, aloe, and St. John's wort.[3]
Visual disturbancesedit
An unusual side effect of digoxin is a disturbance of color vision (mostly yellow and green) called xanthopsia. Vincent van Gogh's "Yellow Period" may have somehow been influenced by concurrent digitalis therapy. Other oculotoxic effects of digoxin include generalized blurry vision, as well as seeing a "halo" around each point of light. The latter effect can also be seen in van Gogh's 1889 painting The Starry Night. Evidence of van Gogh's digoxin use is supported by multiple self-portraits that include the foxglove plant, from which digoxin is obtained.[10]
^Flanagan RJ, Jones AL (2004). "Fab Antibody Fragments: Some Applications in Clinical Toxicology". Drug Safety. 27 (14): 1115–1133. doi:10.2165/00002018-200427140-00004. PMID 15554746. S2CID 40869324. Archived from the original on 2013-01-16.
^Tankenow, Roberta; Tamer, Helen R.; Streetman, Daniel S.; Smith, Scott G.; Welton, Janice L.; Annesley, Thomas; Aaronson, Keith D.; Bleske, Barry E. Interaction Study between Digoxin and a Preparation of Hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha), J Clin Pharmacol 2003;43:637-642, accessed May 17, 2017.
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Digoxin is a widely used medication that is effective for many cardiac conditions in adults and children Some side effects are expected some are common but serious some are uncommon and not serious and others are rare but serious 1 Contents 1 Adults 1 1 Very common gt 10 incidence 1 2 Common 1 10 incidence 1 3 Life threatening 1 4 Rare lt 0 1 2 Children 3 Geriatric considerations 4 Toxicity 5 Side effects due to other drug interactions 6 Side effects due to dietary supplements 7 Visual disturbances 8 References 9 Bibliography 10 External linksAdults editVery common gt 10 incidence edit fatigue 2 3 nausea 3 vomiting 3 loss of appetite 3 bradycardia 3 Common 1 10 incidence edit headache 2 3 weakness 2 3 blurred vision 3 yellow or green vision 2 3 ECG changes 3 AV block 3 SA block 3 diarrhea 3 thrombocytopenia 3 electrolyte imbalances with acute digoxin toxicity 3 Hypernatremia is caused by digoxin toxicityLife threatening edit Arrythmias 3 Rare lt 0 1 edit Cardiorespiratory failure 3 Children editDigoxin may be prescribed for a child to treat heart defects Possible side effects in children are dysrhythmia nausea vomiting a slower than normal heart rate and anorexia 4 Children may demonstrate side effects if they are breastfed Digoxin is also absorbed by the infant in utero 5 Geriatric considerations editKidney function gradually decreases as someone ages The elderly are also likely to be underweight In addition these older people tend to be dehydrated and be taking other medications These factors increase the likelihood of developing side effects of digoxin and digoxin toxicity Often lowering the dose is considered by the prescriber 6 Toxicity editFurther information Digoxin toxicity The side effects related to toxicity are used to assess the therapeutic range in a person In toxicity the usual supportive measures are provided If arrhythmias prove troublesome or malignant hyperkalaemia occurs inexorably rising potassium level due to paralysis of the cell membrane bound ATPase dependent Na K pumps the specific antidote is antidigoxin antibody fragments against digoxin trade names Digibind and Digifab 7 Digoxin is not removed by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis with enough effectiveness to treat toxicity citation needed Side effects due to other drug interactions editSide effects can become more pronounced due to the drug interactions between digoxin and the following Thiazide and loop diuretics piperacillin ticarcillin amphotericin B corticosteroids and excessive laxative use Amiodarone some benzodiazepines cyclosporine diphenoxylate indomethacin itraconazole propafenone quinidine quinine spironolactone and verapamil may lead to toxic levels and increased incidence of side effects 8 Digoxin plasma concentrations may increase while on antimalarial medication hydroxychloroquine 3 Patients taking digoxin should avoid taking hawthorn 9 Side effects due to dietary supplements editSide effects can become pronounced due to the interactions of digoxin and these substances licorice aloe and St John s wort 3 Visual disturbances editAn unusual side effect of digoxin is a disturbance of color vision mostly yellow and green called xanthopsia Vincent van Gogh s Yellow Period may have somehow been influenced by concurrent digitalis therapy Other oculotoxic effects of digoxin include generalized blurry vision as well as seeing a halo around each point of light The latter effect can also be seen in van Gogh s 1889 painting The Starry Night Evidence of van Gogh s digoxin use is supported by multiple self portraits that include the foxglove plant from which digoxin is obtained 10 References edit Vallerand 2017 pp 3 4 a b c d Karch 2017 p 760 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Vallerand 2017 pp 424 27 Henry 2016 p 116 Karch 2017 p 756 Karch 2017 p 757 Flanagan RJ Jones AL 2004 Fab Antibody Fragments Some Applications in Clinical Toxicology Drug Safety 27 14 1115 1133 doi 10 2165 00002018 200427140 00004 PMID 15554746 S2CID 40869324 Archived from the original on 2013 01 16 Vallerand 2017 p 424 27 Tankenow Roberta Tamer Helen R Streetman Daniel S Smith Scott G Welton Janice L Annesley Thomas Aaronson Keith D Bleske Barry E Interaction Study between Digoxin and a Preparation of Hawthorn Crataegus oxyacantha J Clin Pharmacol 2003 43 637 642 accessed May 17 2017 Goldfrank LW 2006 Goldfrank s Toxicologic Emergencies 8th ed New York McGraw Hill Bibliography editHenry Norma 2016 RN nursing care of children review module Stilwell KS Assessment Technologies Institute ISBN 9781565335714 Karch Amy 2017 Focus on nursing pharmacology Philadelphia Wolters Kluwer ISBN 9781496318213 Vallerand April 2017 Davis s drug guide for nurses Philadelphia F A Davis Company ISBN 9780803657052 External links editManufacturer s information U S National Library of Medicine Drug Information Portal Digoxin Commonly used website to calculate empiric digoxin doses for medical purposes for heart problems Protein Data Bank entry useful for computational molecular dynamics Portal nbsp Medicine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of side effects of digoxin amp oldid 1180593883, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
