Wikipedia
List of governments of Lithuania (1918–1940)
The list gives the composition of the governments of the Republic of Lithuania from 1918 to 1940. During that period Lithuania was an independent republic. From 1918 to December 1926 it was a democracy and the governments were formed from members of various parties. After the coup of 1926, Lithuania was ruled by authoritarian Antanas Smetona and his party, the Lithuanian National Union. Only the last two governments included members from the opposition.
Sources sometimes give conflicting data about the ministers, especially from the early governments. That is because those governments were short-lived, formed during the time of war, and not well documented.
Governments edit
| Ministry | 1st Government November 11, 1918 December 26, 1918 | 2nd Government December 26, 1918 March 5, 1919 | 3rd Government March 12, 1919 April 12, 1919 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prime Minister | Augustinas Voldemaras | Mykolas Sleževičius | Pranas Dovydaitis |
| Foreign Affairs | Augustinas Voldemaras | ||
| Internal Affairs | Vladas Stašinskas | Jonas Vileišis | Aleksandras Stulginskis |
| Defense | Augustinas Voldemaras[1] and Mykolas Velykis[2][3] | Mykolas Velykis | Antanas Merkys[4] |
| Justice | Petras Leonas | Liudas Noreika | |
| Finance[5] | Martynas Yčas | ||
| Commerce and Industry[6] | Jonas Šimkus | ||
| Agriculture and State Resources | Juozas Tūbelis | Povilas Matulionis[7] | |
| Education | Jonas Yčas[4] | Mykolas Biržiška | Jonas Yčas |
| Provision and Public Work | Vladas Stašinskas[3][8] | Juozas Paknys[9] | Aleksandras Stulginskis |
| Communications | Matynas Yčas[3] | Jonas Šimoliūnas[4] | |
| Without Portfolio for Belarusian Affairs | Juozapas Voronko | ||
| Without Portfolio for Jewish Affairs | Jocob Wygodsky | ||
| Without Portfolio | Aleksandras Stulginskis | ||
| Ministry | 4th Government April 12, 1919 October 2, 1919 | 5th Government October 7, 1919 June 15, 1920 | 6th Government June 19, 1920 January 18, 1922 |
| Prime Minister | Mykolas Sleževičius[10] | Ernestas Galvanauskas | Kazys Grinius |
| Foreign Affairs | Augustinas Voldemaras | Juozas Purickis, Vladas Jurgutis,[11] Petras Klimas,[12] and Vladas Jurgutis[13][14] | |
| Internal Affairs | Petras Leonas | Eliziejus Draugelis | Rapolas Skipitis |
| Defense | Antanas Merkys and Povilas Žadeikis[3][15] | Pranas Liatukas[4] | Konstantinas Žukas and Jonas Šimkus[16] |
| Justice | Liudas Noreika | Vincas Karoblis | |
| Finance[5] | Jonas Vileišis | Ernestas Galvanauskas | |
| Commerce, and Industry[6] | Jonas Šimkus | ||
| Agriculture and State Resources | Aleksandras Stulginskis | Juozas Tūbelis[4] | Jonas Aleksa |
| Education | Juozas Tūbelis | Kazys Bizauskas | |
| Supply and Provision | Steponas Kairys | ||
| Labor and Social Security | Juozas Paknys | ||
| Communications | Valdemaras Čarneckis | Ernestas Galvanauskas[8] | |
| Without Portfolio for Belarusian Affairs | Juozapas Voronko | Dominik Semashko | |
| Without Portfolio for Jewish Affairs | Max Soloveitzik | ||
| Without Portfolio | Jokūbas Šernas | ||
| Ministry | 7th Government February 2, 1922 February 22, 1923 | 8th Government February 22, 1923 June 28, 1923 | 9th Government June 29, 1923 June 17, 1924 |
| Prime Minister | Ernestas Galvanauskas | ||
| Foreign Affairs | Vladas Jurgutis and Ernestas Galvanauskas[17] | Ernestas Galvanauskas | |
| Internal Affairs | Kazimieras Oleka | Karolis Žalkauskas | |
| Defense | Balys Sližys | ||
| Justice | Vincas Karoblis | Antanas Tumėnas | |
| Finance, Commerce, and Industry[18] | Jonas Dobkevičius and Vytautas Petrulis[19] | Vytautas Petrulis | |
| Agriculture and State Resources[20] | Jonas Aleksa | Mykolas Krupavičius | |
| Education | Petras Juodakis | Leonas Bistras | |
| Communications | Petras Vileišis | Benediktas Tomaševičius | Tomas Norus-Naruševičius |
| Without Portfolio for Belarusian Affairs | Dominik Semashko[8] | Ernestas Galvanauskas[8] | |
| Without Portfolio for Jewish Affairs | Max Soloveitzik till April 1922, then Julius Brutzkus[21] | Bernard Naftal Friedman | Simon Rosenbaum[22] |
| Ministry | 10th Government June 18, 1924 January 27, 1925 | 11th Government February 4, 1925 September 19, 1925 | 12th Government September 25, 1925 May 31, 1926 |
| Prime Minister | Antanas Tumėnas | Vytautas Petrulis | Leonas Bistras |
| Foreign Affairs | Voldemaras Čarneckis | Mečislovas Reinys and Leonas Bistras[23] | |
| Internal Affairs | Antanas Tumėnas[4] and Zigmas Starkus[24] | Antanas Endziulaitis | |
| Defense | Teodoras Daukantas | Leonas Bistras | |
| Justice | Antanas Tumėnas | Vincas Karoblis | |
| Finance | Vytautas Petrulis | Petras Karvelis | |
| Agriculture and State Resources[25] | Mykolas Krupavičius | ||
| Education | Leonas Bistras | Kazys Jokantas | |
| Communications | Balys Sližys | ||
| Ministry | 13th Government June 15, 1926 December 17, 1926 | 14th Government December 17, 1926 September 19, 1929 | 15th Government September 23, 1929 June 8, 1934 |
| Prime Minister | Mykolas Sleževičius | Augustinas Voldemaras | Juozas Tūbelis |
| Foreign Affairs | Mykolas Sleževičius[8] | Augustinas Voldemaras | Juozas Tūbelis[8] and Dovas Zaunius[26] |
| Internal Affairs | Vladas Požėla | Ignas Musteikis | Ignas Musteika, Petras Aravičius,[27] and Steponas Rusteika[28] |
| Defense | Juozas Papečkys | Antanas Merkys, Teodoras Daukantas,[29] and Augustinas Voldemaras[30] | Jonas Variakojis and Balys Giedraitis[31] |
| Justice | Mykolas Sleževičius | Stasys Šilingas and Aleksandras Žilinskas[32] | Aleksandras Žilinskas |
| Finance | Albinas Rimka | Petras Karvelis and Juozas Tūbelis[33] | Juozas Tūbelis |
| Agriculture | Jurgis Kirkščiūnas | Jonas Aleksa | |
| Education | Vincas Čepinskis | Leonas Bistras and Kostantinas Šakenis[33] | Konstantinas Šakenis |
| Communications | Benediktas Tomaševičius[4] | Juozas Jankevičius, Stasys Čiurlionis,[34] and Jonas Variakojis[35] | Vytautas Vileišis |
| Ministry | 16th Government June 12, 1934 September 6, 1935 | 17th Government September 6, 1935 March 24, 1938 | 18th Government March 24, 1938 December 5, 1938 |
| Prime Minister | Juozas Tūbelis | Vladas Mironas | |
| Foreign Affairs | Stasys Lozoraitis | ||
| Internal Affairs | Steponas Rusteika | Julius Čaplikas | Silvestras Leonas |
| Defense | Petras Šniukšta | Petras Šniukšta and Stasys Dirmantas[36] | Stasys Raštikis[8] |
| Justice | Stasys Šilingas | Boleslovas Masiulis and Vladas Stašinskas[37] | |
| Finance | Juozas Tūbelis | Julius Indrišiūnas | |
| Agriculture | Jonas Aleksa | Stasys Putvinskis | Juozas Tūbelis and Vladas Mironas[38] |
| Education | Juozas Tonkūnas | ||
| Communications | Jokūbas Stanišauskas | ||
| Ministry | 19th Government December 5, 1938 March 27, 1939 | 20th Government March 28, 1939 November 21, 1939 | 21st Government November 21, 1939 June 15, 1940 |
| Prime Minister | Vladas Mironas | Jonas Černius | Antanas Merkys |
| Foreign Affairs | Juozas Urbšys | ||
| Internal Affairs | Silvestras Leonas | Kazys Skučas | |
| Defense | Kazys Musteikis | ||
| Justice | Jonas Gudauskis | Antanas Tamošaitis | |
| Finance | Julius Indrišiūnas | Jonas Sutkus | Ernestas Galvanauskas |
| Agriculture | Juozas Skaisgiris | Jurgis Krikščiūnas | Juozas Audėnas |
| Education | Juozas Tonkūnas | Leonas Bistras | Kazys Jokantas |
| Communications | Kazys Germanas | Jonas Mailiūnas | |
Notes edit
- ^ To December 19, 1919
- ^ From December 24, 1918
- ^ a b c d There is conflicting data about this minister. In this case Banevičius (1991) was followed.
- ^ a b c d e f g Held the title of Director
- ^ a b During the 1st, 5th, and 6th Governments, was named Ministry of Finance, Commerce, and Industry
- ^ a b During the 1st, 5th, and 6th Governments, was part of Ministry of Finance, Commerce, and Industry
- ^ Held the title of Deputy Minister
- ^ a b c d e f g Acting
- ^ Acting Director
- ^ Also acting Minister of Foreign Affairs
- ^ Acting, from June 19, 1921
- ^ Acting, from December 20, 1921
- ^ From January 1, 1922
- ^ There is conflicting data about this minister. In this case Lietuva (2008) was followed.
- ^ Acting, from August 21, 1919
- ^ From April 7 or 11, 1921
- ^ From September 28, 1922
- ^ Renamed to Ministry of Finance after the 8th Government
- ^ From August 21, 1922
- ^ Renamed to Ministry of Agriculture during the 9th Government
- ^ Gitelman, Zvi Y. (2003). The emergence of modern Jewish politics: Bundism and Zionism in Eastern Europe. Univ of Pittsburgh Press. p. 275. ISBN 978-0-8229-4188-0. Retrieved 2009-11-07.
- ^ Resigned on February 12, 1924; Chancery closed on March 19, 1924
- ^ From April 21, 1926
- ^ From July 8, 1924
- ^ Renamed just to Ministry of Agriculture during the 11th and 12th Governments
- ^ From November 8, 1929
- ^ From November 30, 1929
- ^ From April 1, 1931
- ^ From August 9, 1927
- ^ Acting, from November 22, 1928
- ^ From June 27, 1930
- ^ From February 4, 1928
- ^ a b From May 3, 1927
- ^ Director, from May 3, 1927 to February 4, 1928. Minister, from February 4, 1928
- ^ Director, from November 22, 1928
- ^ From November 1, 1935
- ^ From October 1, 1938
- ^ Acting, from October 1, 1938
References edit
- Banevičius, Algirdas (1991). 111 Lietuvos valstybės 1918–1940 politikos veikėjų (in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Knyga. pp. 11–33. ISBN 5-89942-585-7.
- Eidintas, Alfonsas; Vytautas Žalys; Alfred Erich Senn (September 1999). Ed. Edvardas Tuskenis (ed.). Lithuania in European Politics: The Years of the First Republic, 1918–1940 (Paperback ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press. pp. 199–206. ISBN 0-312-22458-3.
- "Ankstesnės vyriausybės > Laikotarpiu 1918–1940" (in Lithuanian). Government of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved 2008-09-01.
- Eidintas, Alfonsas (1990). Antanas Smetona (in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Mintis. pp. 233–238. ISBN 5-417-00376-X.
- Antanas Račys, ed. (2008). "Vyriausybė". Lietuva (in Lithuanian). Vol. I. Vilnius: Science and Encyclopaedia Publishing Institute. p. 263. ISBN 978-5-420-01639-8.