List of administrators of British Brunei
A list of administrators of the British protectorate of Brunei.
| British Resident in Brunei | |
|---|---|
| Style | The Honourable |
| Residence | Bubungan Dua Belas (1906–1959) |
| Appointer | The Crown |
| Term length | No fixed term |
| Formation | 1906 |
| First holder | James Brooke First Consul General to Brunei |
| Final holder | Dennis Charles White |
| Abolished | 1959 |
| Succession | High Commissioner |
History edit
Brunei became a British protectorate in 1888, and in 1906 a British resident was given administrative authority. The sultan was obliged to follow his advice. Despite having a foreign government, Brunei's importance started to rise again in 1929 when petroleum production began.[1] In place of[clarification needed] Malay customs, traditions, and Islam, the British administration designated a British Resident to serve as the sultan's advisor in all other affairs. A formal constitution was formed by the 1959 Agreement, giving Brunei internal autonomy.[2]
By the end of 1905, Brunei had been reduced to just two tiny, independent enclaves in Sarawak, covering a total area of 5.765 square metres (62.05 sq ft).[citation needed] In fact, had it not been for the British Government's reluctant intervention at this point, James Brooke would have completely engulfed the Sultanate. In order to preserve the monarchy, Sultan Hashim requested British assistance in the internal administration of his nation. He agreed to receive a British officer, to be called the Resident, who opinions were to be received and acted upon on all matters under the Anglo-Brunei Treaty of 1905–1906. Until 1959, successive Residents, who had originally been seconded from the Malayan Civil Service, were in charge of running Brunei.[3]
List of administrators edit
| Consuls General to Brunei | |
|---|---|
| James Brooke[4] | 1846–1856 |
| Spenser St. John[5] | 1856–1863 |
| British Consuls in Brunei | |
| Noel Penrose Trevenen | 1890–1898 |
| Arthur Louis Keyser | 1898–1900 |
| Godfrey Hewett | 1900–1904 |
| Malcolm Stewart Hannibal McArthur | 1904–1905 |
| British Residents in Brunei | |
| Malcolm Stewart Hannibal McArthur | 1906–1908 |
| John Fortescue Owen | 1908–1909 |
| Harvey Chevallier | 1909–1913 |
| Francis William Douglas | 1913–1915 |
| Ernest Barton Maundrell[6] | 1915–1916 |
| Geoffrey Cator[7] | 1916–1921 |
| Lucien Allen Arthur[8] | 1921–1923 |
| Eric Ernest Falk Pretty[8] | 1923–1926 |
| Oswald Eric Venables | 1926–1927 |
| Eric Ernest Falk Pretty[8] | 1927–1928 |
| Patrick Alexander Bruce McKerron | 1928–1931 |
| Thomas Falkland Carey[8] | 1931–1934 |
| Roland Evelyn Turnbull[9] | 1934–1937 |
| John Graham Black | 1937–1940 |
| Ernest Edgar Pengilly[8] | 1940–1942 |
| Under Japanese occupation | 1942–1945 |
| William John Peel[10] | 1946–1948 |
| L.H.N. Davis[11][12] | 1948–1948 |
| Eric Ernest Falk Pretty[13] | 1948–1951 |
| John Coleraine Hanbury Barcroft[8] | 1951–1954 |
| John Orman Gilbert[8] | 1954–1958 |
| Dennis Charles White[14] | 1958–1959 |
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "Brunei - History | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-02-18.
- ^ "Country Facts | Brunei Darussalam". www.un.int. Retrieved 2023-02-18.
- ^ Horton, A. V. M. (1986). "British Administration in Brunei 1906-1959". Modern Asian Studies. 20 (2): 353–374. doi:10.1017/S0026749X00000871. ISSN 0026-749X. JSTOR 312580. S2CID 144185859.
- ^ Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce (1861). Journal. RSA. p. 456.
- ^ Sir Sidney Lee (1912). Dictionary of National Biography: Neil-Young. Macmillan. p. 249.
- ^ . The Brunei Times. 21 May 2016. Archived from the original on 25 June 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2016.
- ^ . The Brunei Times. 18 January 2009. Archived from the original on 21 August 2016. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g Henige, David P. (1970). Colonial Governors. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 103. ISBN 9780299054403.
- ^ Anon (5 April 1940). "Malayan given high post in Br. Honduras". Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser. National Library, Singapore. p. 5. Retrieved 29 December 2011.
- ^ Roth, Andrew (14 May 2004). "Obituary: Sir John Peel". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
- ^ "Negara Brunei Darussalam: obituaries 2004. - Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved 2023-12-20.
- ^ Horton, A. V. M. (1990). "A Note on Post-War Constitutional Change in Brunei 1944—1948". Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 63 (1 (258)): 39–54. ISSN 0126-7353.
- ^ The Sarawak Museum Journal. Sarawak Museum. 1995. p. 105.
- ^ "No. 41831". The London Gazette. 29 September 1959. p. 6136.
External links edit
- Luscombe, Stephen. "Brunei Administrators". British Empire.co.uk.
- Schemmel, B. "Brunei: British residents (from 29 September 1959, high commissioners)". Rulers.org.