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Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery

November 28, 2023

Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) burial ground for the dead of the First World War in the Ypres Salient on the Western Front. After Tyne Cot, it is the second largest cemetery for Commonwealth forces in Belgium. Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery is located near Poperinge in the province of West Flanders. Most of those buried in the cemetery are war casualties who had been wounded near Ypres and later died in the four large Allied casualty clearing stations located in this area.

Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery
Commonwealth War Graves Commission
Used for those deceased 1914–1919
Established1914
Location50°49′45″N 02°42′04″E / 50.82917°N 2.70111°E / 50.82917; 2.70111
near 
Poperinge, West Flanders, Belgium
Designed bySir Reginald Blomfield
Total burials10,785 of which 35 are unnamed
Burials by nation
* Commonwealth: 9,901 of which 24 are unnamed
    • United Kingdom: 7,386
    • Canada: 1,058
    • Australia: 1,131
    • New Zealand: 291
    • South Africa: 29
    • India: 3[1]
  • other nationalities: 883 of which 11 are unnamed
Burials by war
World War I: 10,784 (plus 1 non World War burial)
Official nameFunerary and memory sites of the First World War (Western Front)
TypeCultural
Criteriai, ii, vi
Designated2023 (45th session)
Reference no.1567-FL27
Statistics source: CWGC

History edit

During the First World War, the village of Lijssenthoek was situated on the main communication line between the Allied military bases and the Ypres battlefields. Because of its location close to the Ypres frontline, but out of the range of most German field artillery, Lijssenthoek was chosen as the site of Allied casualty clearing stations.[2] A farm called Remi Quaghebeur became the centre point at Lijssenthoek around which a number of field hospitals were established. During the war, the location was also known as Remy Farm, and many structures in the vicinity were used for medical purposes. Farm buildings also stood just north-west of the modern-day cemetery, and this site was known as Corfu Farm during the war.[3] Rail tracks were constructed from the main railway line to enable ambulance trains to bring Allied wounded into these medical units from Poperinge and to take them from there on to the large military hospitals on the French coast.[4]

The cemetery was originally established at the start of the war by the French Army's 15th Hopital D'Evacuation. Between autumn 1914 and early summer 1915, this unit began to bury casualties who had been treated at their Lijssenthoek field hospital but had not survived their wounds. At this time French military forces were present in the Ypres Salient, holding the Allied front line positions to the north and to the south-east of Ypres.[4]

From June 1915, the cemetery began to be used for dead from British and Commonwealth military medical units. Four Allied casualty clearing stations were located at Lijssenthoek by 1917.[4] Together, they eventually accommodated some 4,000 hospital beds[5] and formed the biggest evacuation hospital in the Ypres Salient.[6] The growing size of the medical facilities reflected the growing scale of injuries and number of casualties being brought back from the Ypres frontline as major offensives were carried out.[4]

In the period of the German advance following the German spring offensive of 1918, the Allied casualty clearing stations at Lijssenhoek were evacuated between April and August 1918.[4] During that time, field ambulances (including a French ambulance unit) took their places.[2]

The first plans to lay out the war cemetery site at Lijssenhoek in its present shape date from 1918.[5] After the end of the war, the original wooden grave markers were replaced with standard Commonwealth War Grave markers made of Portland stone, and the area was carefully landscaped.

In the years since the First World War, a further 41 graves have been added to Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery. These include 24 war dead from several isolated positions near Poperinge, which were reburied in Plot XXXI in 1920, and 17 war dead from St. Denijs Churchyard, which were reburied in Plot XXXII in 1981.[2] There is also one non World War burial here.[2][7]

In June 2009, a research project on military medicine during the First World War was started at Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, with a focus on medical assistance behind the front line.[8]

A new Visitor Centre at Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery was opened in September 2012. It is a modern design of glass, steel and concrete that is used for the briefing of groups before they enter the cemetery. There is also a presentation of the history of Remy Farm at Lijssenthoek and the casualty clearing stations once located there.[9]

Description edit

Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, designed by Sir Reginald Blomfield, is the second largest Commonwealth war cemetery in Belgium.[2]

The cemetery can be reached via the new Visitor Centre and is accessed through an imposing entrance way with large cast iron gates. The dates 1914-1920 are inscribed above the entrance.[3] There is also an inscription commemorating the fact that the cemetery grounds were assigned to the United Kingdom in perpetuity by King Albert I of Belgium in recognition of the sacrifices made by the British Empire in the defence and liberation of Belgium during the war. Just inside the entrance way are French graves to the left and German graves at the front right, but most of the French and German graves are located towards the rear of the cemetery.[3] As in many other war cemeteries looked after by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission, a Cross of Sacrifice stands in the corner of Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, and there is also a Stone of Remembrance.

The cemetery is organised into 35 sections (Plots I-XXXV) and contains a total of 10,785 graves, of which 35 are unnamed (for a war cemetery of this size, this is a relatively small number). All but 41 of those buried here are war casualties who died while being treated at the medical facilities in the area during the period 1914–1919.[4] There are 9,901 graves of soldiers from the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and India[1] (24 of the 9,901 Commonwealth war dead are unidentified),[2] and 883 graves of soldiers from 30[6] other nationalities including France, Germany and the United States[1] (11 of these 883 war dead are unidentified).[2] Eight of the headstones are memorials to men known to be buried in this cemetery, these are located in Plot XXXII near the Stone of Remembrance.[2] A section with 35 graves is for workers of the Chinese Labour Corps who died in the area of Ypres and Poperinge during and just after the First World War. The Chinese Labour Corps was recruited during the war by the British government to free troops for front line duty by performing support work and manual labour. In this role, the Chinese Labour Corps cleared battlefields, dug graves as well as trenches and carried out other such tasks which were often difficult and dangerous.[4]

Notable graves edit

Gallery edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c "Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery - Wikimapia". wikimapia.org.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h "CWGC, Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, access date 2014-11-09".
  3. ^ a b c "Behind the Lines, access date 2014-11-09".
  4. ^ a b c d e f g "Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, Poperinge, Ypres Salient Battlefields, Belgium". www.greatwar.co.uk.
  5. ^ a b "Project - Lijssenthoek". www.lijssenthoek.be.
  6. ^ a b "Visitor Centre - Lijssenthoek". www.lijssenthoek.be.
  7. ^ a b Press report on the unmarked burial of the ashes of John Raphael's mother
  8. ^ "Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery". www.marlesfordww1.co.uk.
  9. ^ "The Long, Long Trail – The British Army in the Great War of 1914-1918". www.1914-1918.net.
  10. ^ "HUGH GREGORY FITTON - Lijssenthoek". www.lijssenthoek.be.
  11. ^ "ALISTER FRASER GORDON - Lijssenthoek". www.lijssenthoek.be.
  12. ^ . British and Irish Lions website. Archived from the original on 2010-05-19.

External links edit

  • www.cwgc.org
  • Belgian cemetery website
  • Find A Grave: Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery

November 28, 2023
lijssenthoek, military, cemetery, commonwealth, graves, commission, cwgc, burial, ground, dead, first, world, ypres, salient, western, front, after, tyne, second, largest, cemetery, commonwealth, forces, belgium, located, near, poperinge, province, west, fland. Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission CWGC burial ground for the dead of the First World War in the Ypres Salient on the Western Front After Tyne Cot it is the second largest cemetery for Commonwealth forces in Belgium Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery is located near Poperinge in the province of West Flanders Most of those buried in the cemetery are war casualties who had been wounded near Ypres and later died in the four large Allied casualty clearing stations located in this area Lijssenthoek Military CemeteryCommonwealth War Graves CommissionUsed for those deceased 1914 1919Established1914Location50 49 45 N 02 42 04 E 50 82917 N 2 70111 E 50 82917 2 70111 near Poperinge West Flanders BelgiumDesigned bySir Reginald BlomfieldTotal burials10 785 of which 35 are unnamedBurials by nation Commonwealth 9 901 of which 24 are unnamed United Kingdom 7 386 Canada 1 058 Australia 1 131 New Zealand 291 South Africa 29 India 3 1 other nationalities 883 of which 11 are unnamedBurials by warWorld War I 10 784 plus 1 non World War burial UNESCO World Heritage SiteOfficial nameFunerary and memory sites of the First World War Western Front TypeCulturalCriteriai ii viDesignated2023 45th session Reference no 1567 FL27Statistics source CWGC Contents 1 History 2 Description 3 Notable graves 4 Gallery 5 References 6 External linksHistory editDuring the First World War the village of Lijssenthoek was situated on the main communication line between the Allied military bases and the Ypres battlefields Because of its location close to the Ypres frontline but out of the range of most German field artillery Lijssenthoek was chosen as the site of Allied casualty clearing stations 2 A farm called Remi Quaghebeur became the centre point at Lijssenthoek around which a number of field hospitals were established During the war the location was also known as Remy Farm and many structures in the vicinity were used for medical purposes Farm buildings also stood just north west of the modern day cemetery and this site was known as Corfu Farm during the war 3 Rail tracks were constructed from the main railway line to enable ambulance trains to bring Allied wounded into these medical units from Poperinge and to take them from there on to the large military hospitals on the French coast 4 The cemetery was originally established at the start of the war by the French Army s 15th Hopital D Evacuation Between autumn 1914 and early summer 1915 this unit began to bury casualties who had been treated at their Lijssenthoek field hospital but had not survived their wounds At this time French military forces were present in the Ypres Salient holding the Allied front line positions to the north and to the south east of Ypres 4 From June 1915 the cemetery began to be used for dead from British and Commonwealth military medical units Four Allied casualty clearing stations were located at Lijssenthoek by 1917 4 Together they eventually accommodated some 4 000 hospital beds 5 and formed the biggest evacuation hospital in the Ypres Salient 6 The growing size of the medical facilities reflected the growing scale of injuries and number of casualties being brought back from the Ypres frontline as major offensives were carried out 4 In the period of the German advance following the German spring offensive of 1918 the Allied casualty clearing stations at Lijssenhoek were evacuated between April and August 1918 4 During that time field ambulances including a French ambulance unit took their places 2 The first plans to lay out the war cemetery site at Lijssenhoek in its present shape date from 1918 5 After the end of the war the original wooden grave markers were replaced with standard Commonwealth War Grave markers made of Portland stone and the area was carefully landscaped In the years since the First World War a further 41 graves have been added to Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery These include 24 war dead from several isolated positions near Poperinge which were reburied in Plot XXXI in 1920 and 17 war dead from St Denijs Churchyard which were reburied in Plot XXXII in 1981 2 There is also one non World War burial here 2 7 In June 2009 a research project on military medicine during the First World War was started at Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery with a focus on medical assistance behind the front line 8 A new Visitor Centre at Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery was opened in September 2012 It is a modern design of glass steel and concrete that is used for the briefing of groups before they enter the cemetery There is also a presentation of the history of Remy Farm at Lijssenthoek and the casualty clearing stations once located there 9 Description editLijssenthoek Military Cemetery designed by Sir Reginald Blomfield is the second largest Commonwealth war cemetery in Belgium 2 The cemetery can be reached via the new Visitor Centre and is accessed through an imposing entrance way with large cast iron gates The dates 1914 1920 are inscribed above the entrance 3 There is also an inscription commemorating the fact that the cemetery grounds were assigned to the United Kingdom in perpetuity by King Albert I of Belgium in recognition of the sacrifices made by the British Empire in the defence and liberation of Belgium during the war Just inside the entrance way are French graves to the left and German graves at the front right but most of the French and German graves are located towards the rear of the cemetery 3 As in many other war cemeteries looked after by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission a Cross of Sacrifice stands in the corner of Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery and there is also a Stone of Remembrance The cemetery is organised into 35 sections Plots I XXXV and contains a total of 10 785 graves of which 35 are unnamed for a war cemetery of this size this is a relatively small number All but 41 of those buried here are war casualties who died while being treated at the medical facilities in the area during the period 1914 1919 4 There are 9 901 graves of soldiers from the United Kingdom Canada Australia New Zealand South Africa and India 1 24 of the 9 901 Commonwealth war dead are unidentified 2 and 883 graves of soldiers from 30 6 other nationalities including France Germany and the United States 1 11 of these 883 war dead are unidentified 2 Eight of the headstones are memorials to men known to be buried in this cemetery these are located in Plot XXXII near the Stone of Remembrance 2 A section with 35 graves is for workers of the Chinese Labour Corps who died in the area of Ypres and Poperinge during and just after the First World War The Chinese Labour Corps was recruited during the war by the British government to free troops for front line duty by performing support work and manual labour In this role the Chinese Labour Corps cleared battlefields dug graves as well as trenches and carried out other such tasks which were often difficult and dangerous 4 Notable graves editChaplain Charles Edmund Doudney Plot I grave A 31 Brigadier Hugh Fitton CB DSO commanding officer of the 101st Infantry Brigade 10 Plot II grave A 27 Brigadier Alister Gordon CMG DSO commanding officer of the 153rd Infantry Brigade 11 Plot XIV grave A 13 Major Henry Barnes 2nd Baron Gorell DSO Plot IX grave B 20 Lieutenant Colonel George Dobbs English international rugby player Plot XIII grave A 25 Lieutenant Fred McIntosh Australian rules footballer Plot XXV grave D 17 Major General Malcolm Mercer CB commanding officer of the 3rd Canadian Division Plot VI grave A 38 Lieutenant John Raphael cricketer who captained the 1910 British Lions tour to Argentina 7 12 Plot XIII grave A 30 Lieutenant Colonel Ronald Sanderson rower and gold medalist in the 1908 Summer Olympics Plot XXVII grave G 3 Captain James Ogilvie Grant 11th Earl of Seafield Plot II grave A 4 Captain The Hon Eric Fox Pitt Lubbock MC Plot X grave A 4 Staff Nurse Nellie Spindler Plot XVI grave A 3 Major Frederick Tubb VC Plot XIX grave C 5 Captain James Wilson MC Plot XVI grave A 12 Gallery edit nbsp Main gate at Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery nbsp The grave of Staff Nurse Nellie Spindler nbsp The grave of Major Frederick Tubb VC nbsp The grave of Major The 2nd Lord Gorell nbsp The grave of Major General Malcolm Mercer nbsp The grave of Private Harry A King United States Army nbsp Graves of workers with the Chinese Labour Corps nbsp The Visitor Centre at Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery opened in 2012 nbsp cemetery view nbsp cemetery view nbsp cemetery view nbsp cemetery view nbsp cemetery view nbsp cemetery view nbsp cemetery view nbsp cemetery viewReferences edit a b c Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery Wikimapia wikimapia org a b c d e f g h CWGC Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery access date 2014 11 09 a b c Behind the Lines access date 2014 11 09 a b c d e f g Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery Poperinge Ypres Salient Battlefields Belgium www greatwar co uk a b Project Lijssenthoek www lijssenthoek be a b Visitor Centre Lijssenthoek www lijssenthoek be a b Press report on the unmarked burial of the ashes of John Raphael s mother Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery www marlesfordww1 co uk The Long Long Trail The British Army in the Great War of 1914 1918 www 1914 1918 net HUGH GREGORY FITTON Lijssenthoek www lijssenthoek be ALISTER FRASER GORDON Lijssenthoek www lijssenthoek be 1910 South Africa amp Argentina British and Irish Lions website Archived from the original on 2010 05 19 External links editwww cwgc org Belgian cemetery website Find A Grave Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery amp oldid 1176961340, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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