The black rosy finch or black rosy-finch (Leucosticte atrata) is a species of passerinebird in the family Fringillidae native to alpine areas above treeline, of the western United States. It is the most range-restricted member of its genus, and a popular photography subject for birdwatchers.
The black rosy finch was first classified by American ornithologist Robert Ridgway in 1874.[1] This bird has been thought to form a superspecies with the three other rosy finches: grey-crowned rosy finch(L. tephrocotis) and the brown-capped rosy finch(L. australis), all of which were classified as the same species as the Asian rosy finch(L. arctoa) from 1983–1993.[2][3][4] Recent mitochondrial DNA evidence shows the rosy finches are all indeed very closely related and can be easily confused with one another.[3][5] Along with four Asian rosy finches, the three North American rosy finches form the mountain finch genus Leucosticte. There are no recognized subspecies of the black rosy finch.[4] Alternative common names include: roselin (in French), Rußschneegimpel (in German), and pinzón montano negro (in Spanish).[6]
Descriptionedit
Adults are black on the head, back and breast with pink on the belly, rump and wings. There is a patch of grey at the back of the head. They have short black legs and a long forked tail.[7][8] The grey-crowned rosy finch has a brown body instead of black and the brown-capped rosy finch and lacks the grey patch on the back of the head.[8]
Distribution and habitatedit
The black rosy finch's breeding habitat is mountain areas above the tree-line, amongst alpine rocks and cliffs. Because of this it is one of the least studied birds in North America.[3] Its distribution range is between that of the grey-crowned rosy finch (L. tephrocotis), which is located to north and west, and the brown-capped rosy finch (L. australis), which is located to the south and east.[3]
The paucity of definitive information about its breeding distribution lead the Wildlife Action Plan Joint Team of the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources to designate the finch a “species of greatest conservation need” in Utah.[9]
Behavioredit
The black rosy finch builds a cup nest in a cavity on a cliff. Most birds migrate short distances to lower elevations and further south and return to the alpine areas in April.[3] These birds forage on the ground, may fly to catch insects in flight. They mainly eat seeds from weeds and grasses and insects,[2] often in areas where snow is melting, uncovering food items and new plant shoots are growing.[3] They often feed in small flocks, sometimes mixing with grey-crowned rosy finches.[7] A male will defend its female's territory during breeding season, not just the nest but where ever she goes. This behavior is common with the rosy finches.[2][10] When breeding both males and females develop throat pouches, known as gular pouches or gular skin, to carry food to their chicks,[11][12] a trait seen in only one other North American genus, Pinicola.[3] Due to their inaccessibility, actual black rosy finch nests had been reached by only three researchers as of 2002.[5] The nests are made of grass and stems and lined with fine grass, hair, and feathers. They are known to use protected areas such as openings in cliffs, mine shafts, caves, and rafters. They eat seeds and insects, usually foraged from the ground, including snowfields.[2] Their call is a buzz-sounding "chew".[13]
Galleryedit
Sandia Peak - New Mexico
Sandia Peak - New Mexico
Referencesedit
^ abBirdLife International. (2018). "Leucosticte atrata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22720488A131900348. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22720488A131900348.en. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
^ abcd"Black Rosy-Finch". All About Birds (life), The Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
^ abcdefgJohnson, Richard E. (2002). "Black Rosy-Finch". The Birds of North America Online. Birds of North America, The Cornell Lab of Ornithology. doi:10.2173/bna.678. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
^ abWright, Rick. "Notes on Rosy-Finch Taxonomy, Distribution, and Identification". Arizona Field Ornithologists. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
^ ab"Black Rosy-Finch - Leucosticte atrata". Montana Field Guide. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
^"Black Rosy-finch (Leucosticte atrata)". Internet Bird Collection. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
^ abOttaviani, Michel (2008). Monographie des Fringilles, Volume 1: Fringillinés - Carduélinés: Histoire Naturelle et Photographies (in French). France: Editions Prin. ISBN978-2-909136-20-2.
^ ab"Black Rosy-Finch". All About Birds (identification), The Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
^Paprocki, Neil; Pope, Theresa (2019-03-15). "Black Rosy-Finch: Utah Breeding Range Update and Survey Recommendations". Western Birds. 50 (1): 37–41. doi:10.21199/wb50.1.4. ISSN 0045-3897.
^"Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch - Leucosticte tephrocotis". Montana Field Guide. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
^"Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch". Bird Web. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
^"Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch". Bird-Friend. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
^"Black Rosy-Finch". All About Birds (sounds), The Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
Further readingedit
Bookedit
Johnson, R. E. 2002. Black Rosy-Finch (Leucosticte atrata). In The Birds of North America, No. 678 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
Articlesedit
Behle WH. (1973). Further Notes on Rosy Finches Wintering in Utah. Wilson Bulletin. vol 85, no 3. pp. 344–346.
Bjorklund CF. (1991). Black Rosy Finch Sighting on Big Muddy Cbc. Blue Jay. vol 49, no 3.
Bull EL & Wales BC. (2001). Effects of disturbance on birds of conservation concern in eastern Oregon and Washington. Northwest Sci. vol 75, pp. 166–173.
Hendricks P. (1978). Notes on the Courtship Behavior of Brown-Capped Rosy Finches. Wilson Bulletin. vol 90, no 2. pp. 285–287.
Johnson RE. (1975). New Breeding Localities for Leucosticte in the Contiguous Western USA. Auk. vol 92, no 3. pp. 586–589.
Johnson RE. (1977). Seasonal Variation in the Genus Leucosticte in North America. Condor. vol 79, no 1. pp. 76–86.
Lichtwardt, Eric (2000). Rare, local, little-known and declining North American breeders, a closer look: Black Rosy-finchBirding 32(5): 402-408
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Leucosticte atrata.
Wikispecies has information related to Leucosticte atrata.
black, rosy, finch, black, rosy, finch, black, rosy, finch, leucosticte, atrata, species, passerine, bird, family, fringillidae, native, alpine, areas, above, treeline, western, united, states, most, range, restricted, member, genus, popular, photography, subj. The black rosy finch or black rosy finch Leucosticte atrata is a species of passerine bird in the family Fringillidae native to alpine areas above treeline of the western United States It is the most range restricted member of its genus and a popular photography subject for birdwatchers Black rosy finch A black rosy finch in the Sandia Mountains in New Mexico Conservation status Endangered IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Aves Order Passeriformes Family Fringillidae Subfamily Carduelinae Genus Leucosticte Species L atrata Binomial name Leucosticte atrataRidgway 1874 Contents 1 Taxonomy 2 Description 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Behavior 5 Gallery 6 References 7 Further reading 7 1 Book 7 2 Articles 8 External linksTaxonomy editThe black rosy finch was first classified by American ornithologist Robert Ridgway in 1874 1 This bird has been thought to form a superspecies with the three other rosy finches grey crowned rosy finch L tephrocotis and the brown capped rosy finch L australis all of which were classified as the same species as the Asian rosy finch L arctoa from 1983 1993 2 3 4 Recent mitochondrial DNA evidence shows the rosy finches are all indeed very closely related and can be easily confused with one another 3 5 Along with four Asian rosy finches the three North American rosy finches form the mountain finch genus Leucosticte There are no recognized subspecies of the black rosy finch 4 Alternative common names include roselin in French Russschneegimpel in German and pinzon montano negro in Spanish 6 Description editAdults are black on the head back and breast with pink on the belly rump and wings There is a patch of grey at the back of the head They have short black legs and a long forked tail 7 8 The grey crowned rosy finch has a brown body instead of black and the brown capped rosy finch and lacks the grey patch on the back of the head 8 Distribution and habitat editThe black rosy finch s breeding habitat is mountain areas above the tree line amongst alpine rocks and cliffs Because of this it is one of the least studied birds in North America 3 Its distribution range is between that of the grey crowned rosy finch L tephrocotis which is located to north and west and the brown capped rosy finch L australis which is located to the south and east 3 The paucity of definitive information about its breeding distribution lead the Wildlife Action Plan Joint Team of the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources to designate the finch a species of greatest conservation need in Utah 9 Behavior editThe black rosy finch builds a cup nest in a cavity on a cliff Most birds migrate short distances to lower elevations and further south and return to the alpine areas in April 3 These birds forage on the ground may fly to catch insects in flight They mainly eat seeds from weeds and grasses and insects 2 often in areas where snow is melting uncovering food items and new plant shoots are growing 3 They often feed in small flocks sometimes mixing with grey crowned rosy finches 7 A male will defend its female s territory during breeding season not just the nest but where ever she goes This behavior is common with the rosy finches 2 10 When breeding both males and females develop throat pouches known as gular pouches or gular skin to carry food to their chicks 11 12 a trait seen in only one other North American genus Pinicola 3 Due to their inaccessibility actual black rosy finch nests had been reached by only three researchers as of 2002 5 The nests are made of grass and stems and lined with fine grass hair and feathers They are known to use protected areas such as openings in cliffs mine shafts caves and rafters They eat seeds and insects usually foraged from the ground including snowfields 2 Their call is a buzz sounding chew 13 Gallery edit nbsp Sandia Peak New Mexico nbsp Sandia Peak New MexicoReferences edit a b BirdLife International 2018 Leucosticte atrata IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018 e T22720488A131900348 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2018 2 RLTS T22720488A131900348 en Retrieved 19 December 2018 a b c d Black Rosy Finch All About Birds life The Cornell Lab of Ornithology Retrieved July 4 2011 a b c d e f g Johnson Richard E 2002 Black Rosy Finch The Birds of North America Online Birds of North America The Cornell Lab of Ornithology doi 10 2173 bna 678 Retrieved July 4 2011 a b Wright Rick Notes on Rosy Finch Taxonomy Distribution and Identification Arizona Field Ornithologists Retrieved July 4 2011 a b Black Rosy Finch Leucosticte atrata Montana Field Guide Retrieved July 4 2011 Black Rosy finch Leucosticte atrata Internet Bird Collection Retrieved July 4 2011 a b Ottaviani Michel 2008 Monographie des Fringilles Volume 1 Fringillines Carduelines Histoire Naturelle et Photographies in French France Editions Prin ISBN 978 2 909136 20 2 a b Black Rosy Finch All About Birds identification The Cornell Lab of Ornithology Retrieved July 4 2011 Paprocki Neil Pope Theresa 2019 03 15 Black Rosy Finch Utah Breeding Range Update and Survey Recommendations Western Birds 50 1 37 41 doi 10 21199 wb50 1 4 ISSN 0045 3897 Gray crowned Rosy Finch Leucosticte tephrocotis Montana Field Guide Retrieved July 4 2011 Gray crowned Rosy Finch Bird Web Retrieved July 4 2011 Gray crowned Rosy Finch Bird Friend Retrieved July 4 2011 Black Rosy Finch All About Birds sounds The Cornell Lab of Ornithology Retrieved July 4 2011 Further reading editBook edit Johnson R E 2002 Black Rosy Finch Leucosticte atrata In The Birds of North America No 678 A Poole and F Gill eds The Birds of North America Inc Philadelphia PA Articles edit Behle WH 1973 Further Notes on Rosy Finches Wintering in Utah Wilson Bulletin vol 85 no 3 pp 344 346 Bjorklund CF 1991 Black Rosy Finch Sighting on Big Muddy Cbc Blue Jay vol 49 no 3 Bull EL amp Wales BC 2001 Effects of disturbance on birds of conservation concern in eastern Oregon and Washington Northwest Sci vol 75 pp 166 173 Hendricks P 1978 Notes on the Courtship Behavior of Brown Capped Rosy Finches Wilson Bulletin vol 90 no 2 pp 285 287 Johnson RE 1975 New Breeding Localities for Leucosticte in the Contiguous Western USA Auk vol 92 no 3 pp 586 589 Johnson RE 1977 Seasonal Variation in the Genus Leucosticte in North America Condor vol 79 no 1 pp 76 86 Lichtwardt Eric 2000 Rare local little known and declining North American breeders a closer look Black Rosy finch Birding 32 5 402 408External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Leucosticte atrata nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Leucosticte atrata Black Rosy finch Leucosticte atrata BirdLife International Retrieved July 4 2011 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Black rosy finch amp oldid 1209883718, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
