Major-GeneralSir Lee Oliver Fitzmaurice Stack, GBE,CMG (15 May 1868 – 20 November 1924) was a British Army officer and Governor-General of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.[1] On 19 November 1924, he was shot by assassins while driving through Cairo, and died of his wounds the next day.[2]
After service with the British Army, Major Lee Stack was seconded to the Egyptian Army in 1899. In addition to regimental appointments he served as Military Secretary to General Sir Reginald Wingate. He received the Order of Osmanieh, third class, from the Khedive of Egypt in 1902.[3] Stack left the army in 1910 but took up the position of Civil Secretary of the Sudan in 1913, based in Khartoum. On the outbreak of war in 1914 he was granted the temporary rank of lieutenant-colonel,[4] and in 1917 that of major-general[5] when he became Sirdar of the Egyptian Army, combining this appointment with that of Governor General of the Sudan.[6]
Assassination
On 19 November 1924 Sir Lee Stack, accompanied by an aide de camp, was being driven from the Egyptian War Office in Cairo to his official residence. His car had halted in heavy traffic to give a tram car right of way when several Egyptian students grouped on the pavement fired a volley of revolver shots into the vehicle. Stack's driver, Frederick Hamilton March, although injured, was able to accelerate the car away from the scene of the shooting and reach the nearby residence of the British High Commissioner to Egypt. Stack suffered wounds to the hand, stomach, and foot. He died the next day.[7]
Aftermath
The British High Commissioner Lord Allenby responded with anger, presenting a list of demands to the Egyptian government which included a public apology, an inquiry, suppression of demonstrations and payment of a fine. Furthermore, he demanded withdrawal of all Egyptian officers and Egyptian army units from the Sudan, an increase to the scope of an irrigation scheme in Gezira and laws to protect foreign investors in Egypt.[8]
Seven men convicted of involvement in the assassination were executed by hanging in 1925. Several were identified by a taxi driver whose vehicle they had commandeered to escape from the scene. The pistols used were identified through a pioneering instance of bullet examination by forensic science.[9]
Sir Geoffrey Archer, formerly Governor of Uganda, took over as Governor-General of the Sudan in January 1925, the first time a civilian had held this office.[10]
References
^ abDaly, M.W. (September 2004). "'Stack, Sir Lee Oliver Fitzmaurice (1868–1924)'". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/36230. Retrieved 10 February 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^Chamberlain, Austen; Robert C. Self (1995). The Austen Chamberlain Diary Letters: The Correspondence of Sir Austen Chamberlain with His Sisters Hilda and Ida, 1916-1937. Cambridge University Press. p. 300. ISBN0-521-55157-9.
^"No. 29887". The London Gazette (Supplement). 1 January 1917. p. 59.
^"Sudan". World Statesmen. Retrieved 25 October 2019.
^"The Assassination of Sir Lee Stack". Townsville Daily Bulletin (QLD. : 1907 - 1954). The Townsville Daily Bulletin. 24 November 2014. p. 4. Retrieved 25 October 2019.
^. Time Magazine. 1 December 1924. Archived from the original on 7 November 2012. Retrieved 30 August 2011.
^"Going Ballistic: The Forgotten Origins of Forensic Weapon Identification, 1919-1924" (PDF). Berkeley Law University of California. Retrieved 25 October 2019.
^Ibrahim, Hassan Ahmed (2004). Sayyid ʻAbd al-Raḥmān al-Mahdī: a study of neo-Mahdīsm in the Sudan, 1899-1956. BRILL. p. 92. ISBN90-04-13854-4.
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Major General Sir Lee Oliver Fitzmaurice Stack GBE CMG 15 May 1868 20 November 1924 was a British Army officer and Governor General of the Anglo Egyptian Sudan 1 On 19 November 1924 he was shot by assassins while driving through Cairo and died of his wounds the next day 2 Major GeneralSir Lee StackStack c 1924Governor General of SudanIn office 1917 19 November 1924Preceded byReginald WingateSucceeded byGeoffrey Francis ArcherPersonal detailsBorn15 May 1868Died20 November 1924 aged 56 Cairo EgyptMilitary serviceBranch serviceBritish ArmyYears of service1888 1924RankMajor General Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 3 Assassination 4 Aftermath 5 ReferencesEarly life EditBorn in Darjeeling India Lee Stack was the son of the British Inspector General of Police for Bengal He was educated at Clifton College and Sandhurst Military Academy 1 Career EditAfter service with the British Army Major Lee Stack was seconded to the Egyptian Army in 1899 In addition to regimental appointments he served as Military Secretary to General Sir Reginald Wingate He received the Order of Osmanieh third class from the Khedive of Egypt in 1902 3 Stack left the army in 1910 but took up the position of Civil Secretary of the Sudan in 1913 based in Khartoum On the outbreak of war in 1914 he was granted the temporary rank of lieutenant colonel 4 and in 1917 that of major general 5 when he became Sirdar of the Egyptian Army combining this appointment with that of Governor General of the Sudan 6 Assassination EditOn 19 November 1924 Sir Lee Stack accompanied by an aide de camp was being driven from the Egyptian War Office in Cairo to his official residence His car had halted in heavy traffic to give a tram car right of way when several Egyptian students grouped on the pavement fired a volley of revolver shots into the vehicle Stack s driver Frederick Hamilton March although injured was able to accelerate the car away from the scene of the shooting and reach the nearby residence of the British High Commissioner to Egypt Stack suffered wounds to the hand stomach and foot He died the next day 7 Aftermath EditThe British High Commissioner Lord Allenby responded with anger presenting a list of demands to the Egyptian government which included a public apology an inquiry suppression of demonstrations and payment of a fine Furthermore he demanded withdrawal of all Egyptian officers and Egyptian army units from the Sudan an increase to the scope of an irrigation scheme in Gezira and laws to protect foreign investors in Egypt 8 Seven men convicted of involvement in the assassination were executed by hanging in 1925 Several were identified by a taxi driver whose vehicle they had commandeered to escape from the scene The pistols used were identified through a pioneering instance of bullet examination by forensic science 9 Sir Geoffrey Archer formerly Governor of Uganda took over as Governor General of the Sudan in January 1925 the first time a civilian had held this office 10 References Edit a b Daly M W September 2004 Stack Sir Lee Oliver Fitzmaurice 1868 1924 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 36230 Retrieved 10 February 2009 Subscription or UK public library membership required Chamberlain Austen Robert C Self 1995 The Austen Chamberlain Diary Letters The Correspondence of Sir Austen Chamberlain with His Sisters Hilda and Ida 1916 1937 Cambridge University Press p 300 ISBN 0 521 55157 9 No 27476 The London Gazette 23 September 1902 p 6075 No 28977 The London Gazette 17 November 1914 p 9408 No 29887 The London Gazette Supplement 1 January 1917 p 59 Sudan World Statesmen Retrieved 25 October 2019 The Assassination of Sir Lee Stack Townsville Daily Bulletin QLD 1907 1954 The Townsville Daily Bulletin 24 November 2014 p 4 Retrieved 25 October 2019 EGYPT Shots and Repercussions Time Magazine 1 December 1924 Archived from the original on 7 November 2012 Retrieved 30 August 2011 Going Ballistic The Forgotten Origins of Forensic Weapon Identification 1919 1924 PDF Berkeley Law University of California Retrieved 25 October 2019 Ibrahim Hassan Ahmed 2004 Sayyid ʻAbd al Raḥman al Mahdi a study of neo Mahdism in the Sudan 1899 1956 BRILL p 92 ISBN 90 04 13854 4 Military officesPreceded bySir Reginald Wingate Sirdar of the Egyptian Army1916 1924 Succeeded bySir Charlton SpinksPolitical officesPreceded bySir Reginald Wingate Governor General of the Sudan1916 1924 Succeeded bySir Geoffrey Archer This article about a person involved in governance in the United Kingdom or its predecessor states is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lee Stack amp oldid 1164915351, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
