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Berchtesgadener Land

April 09, 2024

Berchtesgadener Land (Central Bavarian: Berchtsgoana Land) is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by the district of Traunstein and by the state of Austria.

Berchtesgadener Land
District
Flag
Coat of arms
CountryGermany
StateBavaria
Adm. regionUpper Bavaria
CapitalBad Reichenhall
Government
 • District admin.Bernhard Kern (CSU)
Area
 • Total840 km2 (320 sq mi)
Population
 (31 December 2022)[1]
 • Total107,667
 • Density130/km2 (330/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Vehicle registrationBGD, BGL, LF
Websiteberchtesgadener-land.de

History edit

Middle ages and early modern era edit

 
The Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg (violet) and Berchtesgaden Provostry (pale red) circa 1789

The southern alpine regions were part of the stem duchy of Bavaria from the early Middle Ages. The 11th and 12th centuries saw the founding of numerous mountain villages. One of these settlements was Berchtesgaden, which later assumed a more dominant role in the administrative district that now bears its name.

The northern portion of the Salzach river valley was traditionally part of the Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg (an imperial principality ruled by the archbishop of Salzburg), while Berchtesgaden itself was the seat of the Berchtesgaden Provostry (a principality ruled by a Prince-Provost) comprising roughly the modern municipalities of Berchtesgaden, Bischofswiesen, Marktschellenberg, Ramsau and Schönau am Königssee.

These states existed from the Middle Ages until the early 19th century, and functioned as buffers between Bavaria and Austria. However, like the rest of the Holy Roman Empire, the Napoleonic wars brought about significant changes to the political make-up of the region. In 1803 Salzburg was secularised and became the short-lived Electorate of Salzburg, and Berchtesgaden was mediatized to (incorporated into) this new state. In 1805 Salzburg was itself mediatized to Austria, but was ceded to Bavaria in 1809. In the 1816 Treaty of Munich most of Salzburg was returned to Austria becoming the Duchy of Salzburg in 1850 and ultimately the modern Austrian state of Salzburg (with the westernmost portions becoming part of the County of Tyrol). However, the land of the former Berchtesgaden Provostry and the former Salzburg land west of the Salzach and Saalach rivers remained part of Bavaria.[why?] The modern Berchtesgadener Land is mostly made up from sections of this land, with the exception of the area around Bad Reichenhall, which had been part of Bavaria for centuries; the rest lies in adjoining areas in eastern Traunstein and a small area of southern Altötting.

Recent history edit

The Berchtesgadener Land was formed in 1972 through a merger of the district of Berchtesgaden, the district of Laufen and the city of Bad Reichenhall.

Two important historical events have dramatically reshaped Berchtesgadener Land in recent years, namely Austria's signing of the Schengen treaty in 1990 and the introduction of the Euro in 2002 in both Germany and Austria. Municipalities on both sides of the border have been brought much closer by these changes, and the area is reversing many of the effects caused by the split of 1816. There is close and mutually beneficial cooperation in areas such as public transport, recreational sports and culture. There is even a cross-border radio station called "Radio Untersberg" (), which would have been unimaginable some 20 years ago due to different government regulations.

Salzburg has gradually asserted a new role as an economic, educational and cultural center of the area, which has had a ripple effect through several municipalities such as Freilassing, which have traditionally defined themselves as German border towns.

Geography edit

This district comprises the southeastern tip of Bavaria. It consists of a high alpine countryside in the south, with mountains rising to more than 2500 m, and of a strip along the Saalach River. The city of Salzburg (Austria) is located on the opposite side of the Saalach, across from the town of Freilassing.

 
Berchtesgadener Land.

The very south is occupied by the Berchtesgaden National Park (210 km2) comprising the Watzmann massif (2713 m) and the Königssee, a lake of 5.2 km2 surrounded by majestic mountains.

Coat of arms edit

The coat of arms displays:

Towns and municipalities edit

 BerchtesgadenEck (unincorporated area)SchneizlreuthSchellenberger ForstAinringAngerBad ReichenhallBayerisch GmainBerchtesgadenBischofswiesenFreilassingLaufenMarktschellenbergPidingRamsau bei BerchtesgadenSaaldorf-SurheimSchneizlreuthSchönau am KönigsseeTeisendorfTraunstein (district)Austria
Clickable map of towns and municipalities in the district

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Genesis Online-Datenbank des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Statistik Tabelle 12411-003r Fortschreibung des Bevölkerungsstandes: Gemeinden, Stichtag (Einwohnerzahlen auf Grundlage des Zensus 2011)
  2. ^ "Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte - Bayerns Gemeinden".

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Landkreis Berchtesgadener Land.
  • (German)

47°44′N 12°53′E / 47.733°N 12.883°E / 47.733; 12.883

April 09, 2024
berchtesgadener, land, central, bavarian, berchtsgoana, land, landkreis, district, bavaria, germany, bounded, district, traunstein, state, austria, districtflagcoat, armscountrygermanystatebavariaadm, regionupper, bavariacapitalbad, reichenhallgovernment, dist. Berchtesgadener Land Central Bavarian Berchtsgoana Land is a Landkreis district in Bavaria Germany It is bounded by the district of Traunstein and by the state of Austria Berchtesgadener LandDistrictFlagCoat of armsCountryGermanyStateBavariaAdm regionUpper BavariaCapitalBad ReichenhallGovernment District admin Bernhard Kern CSU Area Total840 km2 320 sq mi Population 31 December 2022 1 Total107 667 Density130 km2 330 sq mi Time zoneUTC 01 00 CET Summer DST UTC 02 00 CEST Vehicle registrationBGD BGL LFWebsiteberchtesgadener land de Contents 1 History 1 1 Middle ages and early modern era 1 2 Recent history 2 Geography 3 Coat of arms 4 Towns and municipalities 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksHistory editMiddle ages and early modern era edit nbsp The Prince Archbishopric of Salzburg violet and Berchtesgaden Provostry pale red circa 1789The southern alpine regions were part of the stem duchy of Bavaria from the early Middle Ages The 11th and 12th centuries saw the founding of numerous mountain villages One of these settlements was Berchtesgaden which later assumed a more dominant role in the administrative district that now bears its name The northern portion of the Salzach river valley was traditionally part of the Prince Archbishopric of Salzburg an imperial principality ruled by the archbishop of Salzburg while Berchtesgaden itself was the seat of the Berchtesgaden Provostry a principality ruled by a Prince Provost comprising roughly the modern municipalities of Berchtesgaden Bischofswiesen Marktschellenberg Ramsau and Schonau am Konigssee These states existed from the Middle Ages until the early 19th century and functioned as buffers between Bavaria and Austria However like the rest of the Holy Roman Empire the Napoleonic wars brought about significant changes to the political make up of the region In 1803 Salzburg was secularised and became the short lived Electorate of Salzburg and Berchtesgaden was mediatized to incorporated into this new state In 1805 Salzburg was itself mediatized to Austria but was ceded to Bavaria in 1809 In the 1816 Treaty of Munich most of Salzburg was returned to Austria becoming the Duchy of Salzburg in 1850 and ultimately the modern Austrian state of Salzburg with the westernmost portions becoming part of the County of Tyrol However the land of the former Berchtesgaden Provostry and the former Salzburg land west of the Salzach and Saalach rivers remained part of Bavaria why The modern Berchtesgadener Land is mostly made up from sections of this land with the exception of the area around Bad Reichenhall which had been part of Bavaria for centuries the rest lies in adjoining areas in eastern Traunstein and a small area of southern Altotting Recent history edit The Berchtesgadener Land was formed in 1972 through a merger of the district of Berchtesgaden the district of Laufen and the city of Bad Reichenhall Two important historical events have dramatically reshaped Berchtesgadener Land in recent years namely Austria s signing of the Schengen treaty in 1990 and the introduction of the Euro in 2002 in both Germany and Austria Municipalities on both sides of the border have been brought much closer by these changes and the area is reversing many of the effects caused by the split of 1816 There is close and mutually beneficial cooperation in areas such as public transport recreational sports and culture There is even a cross border radio station called Radio Untersberg website which would have been unimaginable some 20 years ago due to different government regulations Salzburg has gradually asserted a new role as an economic educational and cultural center of the area which has had a ripple effect through several municipalities such as Freilassing which have traditionally defined themselves as German border towns Geography editThis district comprises the southeastern tip of Bavaria It consists of a high alpine countryside in the south with mountains rising to more than 2500 m and of a strip along the Saalach River The city of Salzburg Austria is located on the opposite side of the Saalach across from the town of Freilassing nbsp Berchtesgadener Land The very south is occupied by the Berchtesgaden National Park 210 km2 comprising the Watzmann massif 2713 m and the Konigssee a lake of 5 2 km2 surrounded by majestic mountains Coat of arms editThe coat of arms displays the heraldic lion of Salzburg representing the northern districts which were once subjects of Salzburg the keys of Saint Peter the patron saint of the Berchtesgaden Provostry the white and blue lozenge pattern Rautenflagge of Bavaria one of the two flags of Bavaria 2 Towns and municipalities edit nbsp Clickable map of towns and municipalities in the districtTowns MunicipalitiesBad Reichenhall Freilassing Laufen Ainring Anger Bayerisch Gmain Berchtesgaden Bischofswiesen Marktschellenberg PidingRamsauSaaldorf SurheimSchneizlreuthSchonau am KonigsseeTeisendorfSee also editAustria Germany borderReferences edit Genesis Online Datenbank des Bayerischen Landesamtes fur Statistik Tabelle 12411 003r Fortschreibung des Bevolkerungsstandes Gemeinden Stichtag Einwohnerzahlen auf Grundlage des Zensus 2011 Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte Bayerns Gemeinden External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Landkreis Berchtesgadener Land Official website German 47 44 N 12 53 E 47 733 N 12 883 E 47 733 12 883 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Berchtesgadener Land amp oldid 1214606901, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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