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Harold Saxton Burr

January 01, 1970

Harold Saxton Burr (April 18, 1889 – February 17, 1973) was E. K. Hunt Professor of Anatomy at Yale University School of Medicine and researcher into bio-electrics.[1]

Harold Saxton Burr
H.S. Burr
Born(1889-04-18)April 18, 1889
Lowell, Massachusetts
Died(1973-02-17)February 17, 1973
Scientific career
FieldsNeuroanatomy and bioelectrodynamics
Doctoral advisorRoss Granville Harrison
Doctoral studentsRobert Richardson Sears

Early life edit

He was born in Lowell, Massachusetts in 1889, to parents Hanford Burr and Clara Saxton. He studied in public schools and at the Technical High School in Springfield, Massachusetts. In 1908 he was admitted to the Sheffield Scientific School at Yale and received his Ph.B. in 1911.[1] On December 27 of that year, in Chicago, he married Jean Chandler, with whom he had a son, Peter. In 1914 he was appointed Instructor in Anatomy at Yale. He studied for his Ph.D. under Ross Granville Harrison, which he received in 1915. He was a teacher at Yale until 1958, becoming an assistant professor in 1919, an associate professor in 1926, and Professor in 1929.[1] Most of his later life was spent in New Haven.

Academic career edit

From 1916 to 1956, Burr published, either alone or with others, ninety-three scientific papers.[1] Early studies mostly focused upon the development of the meninges and other neural bodies, often studying the amblystoma or larval salamander.

In 1932 his observations of neuro-cellular proliferation in the amblystoma led him to propose "An Electro-Dynamic Theory of Development" for which he is now most widely remembered. In 1935 he published (with F. S. C. Northrop) "The Electro-Dynamic Theory of Life" and (with C. T. Lane) "Electrical Characteristics of Living Systems". Burr is noted for his use of the voltmeter to detect the electric potential of the body, first reported upon in his 1936 paper (with C. T. Lane and L. F. Nims) "A Vacuum Tube Micro-voltmeter for the Measurement of Bio-electric Phenomena". Burr proposed the term "L-Field" for the bio-electric fields of living systems.

In 1942, Burr measured the output of electric current by growing corn and reported "electricity seems to bridge the gap between the lifeless world and living matter... electricity is one of the fundamental factors in all living systems just as it is in the non-living world."[2]

Burr's research contributed to the electrical detection of cancer cells, experimental embryology, neuroanatomy, and the regeneration and development of the nervous system.[1] His studies of the bio-electrics of ovulation and menstruation eventually led to the marketing of fertility-indicating devices. His late studies of the electrodynamics of trees, carried out over decades, suggested entrainment to diurnal, lunar and annual cycles.[3][4] He also contributed a few papers on the history and sociology of his field.

Burr's book, The Nature of Man and the Meaning of Existence (1962) was an attack against materialist philosophy. In the book Burr wrote there is order in the universe, unity in the organism and man is endowed with a soul.[5] His book Blueprint for Immortality, published late in his career though he based it upon work carried out over decades, contended that the electro-dynamic fields of all living things, which may be measured and mapped with standard voltmeters, mold and control each organism's development, health, and mood. He named these fields fields of life or L-Fields.[6]

Burr compared the L-field to the entelechy of Hans Driesch and the morphogenetic field of Hans Spemann and Paul Weiss.[7] Burr used the L-field to explain cellular differentiation and the form of living organisms. According to writer Ruby Khoo in the New Straits Times, Burr's theory has been rejected by "most scientists."[8] Burr's research was continued by Leonard J. Ravitz, a physician who had worked with Burr at Yale. Ravitz has written that ovulation, illness, cuts and scratches can affect readings of the L-field.[9]

Personal life edit

Burr was a keen amateur painter of waterscapes and landscapes. His early work shows the influence of his friend George Bruestle while his later paintings, now often in pastel rather than oil, became more abstract in design. He exhibited at the Lyme Art Association from 1926 to 1946 and at the New Haven Paint and Clay Club from 1930 to 1946.[citation needed]

Selected publications edit

  • — (1932). An Electro-Dynamic Theory of Development Suggested by Studies of Proliferation Rates in the Brain of Amblystoma. Journal of Comparative Neurology 56: 347–371.
  • —; Northrop, F. S. C. (1935). The Electro-Dynamic Theory of Life. Quarterly Review of Biology 10: 322–333.
  • —; Lane, C. T. (1935). Electrical Characteristics of Living Systems. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 8: 31-35
  • —; Lane, C. T; Nims, L. F. (1936). A Vacuum Tube Micro-voltmeter for the Measurement of Bio-electric Phenomena. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 10: 65–76.
  • —; Hovland, C. I. (1937). Bio-Electric Potential Gradients in the Chick. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 9: 247–258.
  • —; Northrop, F. S. C. (1939). Evidence for the Existence of an Electro-Dynamic Field in Living Organisms. Proceedings National Academy of Science 25: 284–288.
  • — (1947). Field Theory in Biology. The Scientific Monthly 64: 217–225.
  • — The Nature of Man and the Meaning of Existence. (1962). Thomas.
  • — Blueprint for Immortality. (1972). Neville Spearman.
  • — The Fields of Life. Our Links with the Universe. (1973). Ballantine Books.

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e Hooker, D. (December 1957). "Harold Saxton Burr". Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine. 30 (30): 161–163. PMC 2603704. PMID 13507397.
  2. ^ "Measures Output of Current By Growing Corn During Tests". Reading Eagle. Reading, PA. Associated Press. 10 August 1942. p. 30.
  3. ^ Green, Douglas (June 29, 1944). "Moon Affects Maple Trees". The Sherbrooke Telegram. Sherbrooke, Quebec. The Canadian Press. p. 2.
  4. ^ Lieber, Leslie (December 10, 1961). "Moon Madness?". This Week. Milwaukee, WI: Milwaukee Journal. p. 12.
  5. ^ Kelly, Michael, M.D. (April 1963). "The Nature of Man and the Meaning of Existence By Harold Saxton Burr". Archives of Internal Medicine (111): 535–536. doi:10.1001/archinte.1963.03620280135039.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ Burns, John (1997). Cosmic Influences on Humans, Animals, and Plants: An Annotated Bibliography. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. pp. 148–149. ISBN 0-8108-3313-1.
  7. ^ Bishoff, Marco (2003). "Introduction to Integrative Biophysics". In Popp, Fritz-Albert; Beloussov, Lev (eds.). Integrative Biophysics: Biophotonics. Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers. p. 55. ISBN 1-4020-1139-3.
  8. ^ Khoo, Ruby (December 7, 1991). "Wondrous Whole of Science and Spirituality". New Straits Times. p. 33.
  9. ^ Millican, Michael W. (January 10, 1978). "Invention Claimed a Monitor of Female Fertility". Spokane Daily Chronicle. Spokane, WA. Associated Press. p. 6.

See also edit

January 01, 1970
harold, saxton, burr, april, 1889, february, 1973, hunt, professor, anatomy, yale, university, school, medicine, researcher, into, electrics, burrborn, 1889, april, 1889lowell, massachusettsdied, 1973, february, 1973scientific, careerfieldsneuroanatomy, bioele. Harold Saxton Burr April 18 1889 February 17 1973 was E K Hunt Professor of Anatomy at Yale University School of Medicine and researcher into bio electrics 1 Harold Saxton BurrH S BurrBorn 1889 04 18 April 18 1889Lowell MassachusettsDied 1973 02 17 February 17 1973Scientific careerFieldsNeuroanatomy and bioelectrodynamicsDoctoral advisorRoss Granville HarrisonDoctoral studentsRobert Richardson Sears Contents 1 Early life 2 Academic career 3 Personal life 4 Selected publications 5 References 6 See alsoEarly life editHe was born in Lowell Massachusetts in 1889 to parents Hanford Burr and Clara Saxton He studied in public schools and at the Technical High School in Springfield Massachusetts In 1908 he was admitted to the Sheffield Scientific School at Yale and received his Ph B in 1911 1 On December 27 of that year in Chicago he married Jean Chandler with whom he had a son Peter In 1914 he was appointed Instructor in Anatomy at Yale He studied for his Ph D under Ross Granville Harrison which he received in 1915 He was a teacher at Yale until 1958 becoming an assistant professor in 1919 an associate professor in 1926 and Professor in 1929 1 Most of his later life was spent in New Haven Academic career editFrom 1916 to 1956 Burr published either alone or with others ninety three scientific papers 1 Early studies mostly focused upon the development of the meninges and other neural bodies often studying the amblystoma or larval salamander In 1932 his observations of neuro cellular proliferation in the amblystoma led him to propose An Electro Dynamic Theory of Development for which he is now most widely remembered In 1935 he published with F S C Northrop The Electro Dynamic Theory of Life and with C T Lane Electrical Characteristics of Living Systems Burr is noted for his use of the voltmeter to detect the electric potential of the body first reported upon in his 1936 paper with C T Lane and L F Nims A Vacuum Tube Micro voltmeter for the Measurement of Bio electric Phenomena Burr proposed the term L Field for the bio electric fields of living systems In 1942 Burr measured the output of electric current by growing corn and reported electricity seems to bridge the gap between the lifeless world and living matter electricity is one of the fundamental factors in all living systems just as it is in the non living world 2 Burr s research contributed to the electrical detection of cancer cells experimental embryology neuroanatomy and the regeneration and development of the nervous system 1 His studies of the bio electrics of ovulation and menstruation eventually led to the marketing of fertility indicating devices His late studies of the electrodynamics of trees carried out over decades suggested entrainment to diurnal lunar and annual cycles 3 4 He also contributed a few papers on the history and sociology of his field Burr s book The Nature of Man and the Meaning of Existence 1962 was an attack against materialist philosophy In the book Burr wrote there is order in the universe unity in the organism and man is endowed with a soul 5 His book Blueprint for Immortality published late in his career though he based it upon work carried out over decades contended that the electro dynamic fields of all living things which may be measured and mapped with standard voltmeters mold and control each organism s development health and mood He named these fields fields of life or L Fields 6 Burr compared the L field to the entelechy of Hans Driesch and the morphogenetic field of Hans Spemann and Paul Weiss 7 Burr used the L field to explain cellular differentiation and the form of living organisms According to writer Ruby Khoo in the New Straits Times Burr s theory has been rejected by most scientists 8 Burr s research was continued by Leonard J Ravitz a physician who had worked with Burr at Yale Ravitz has written that ovulation illness cuts and scratches can affect readings of the L field 9 Personal life editBurr was a keen amateur painter of waterscapes and landscapes His early work shows the influence of his friend George Bruestle while his later paintings now often in pastel rather than oil became more abstract in design He exhibited at the Lyme Art Association from 1926 to 1946 and at the New Haven Paint and Clay Club from 1930 to 1946 citation needed Selected publications edit 1932 An Electro Dynamic Theory of Development Suggested by Studies of Proliferation Rates in the Brain of Amblystoma Journal of Comparative Neurology 56 347 371 Northrop F S C 1935 The Electro Dynamic Theory of Life Quarterly Review of Biology 10 322 333 Lane C T 1935 Electrical Characteristics of Living Systems Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 8 31 35 Lane C T Nims L F 1936 A Vacuum Tube Micro voltmeter for the Measurement of Bio electric Phenomena Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 10 65 76 Hovland C I 1937 Bio Electric Potential Gradients in the Chick Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 9 247 258 Northrop F S C 1939 Evidence for the Existence of an Electro Dynamic Field in Living Organisms Proceedings National Academy of Science 25 284 288 1947 Field Theory in Biology The Scientific Monthly 64 217 225 The Nature of Man and the Meaning of Existence 1962 Thomas Blueprint for Immortality 1972 Neville Spearman The Fields of Life Our Links with the Universe 1973 Ballantine Books References edit a b c d e Hooker D December 1957 Harold Saxton Burr Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 30 30 161 163 PMC 2603704 PMID 13507397 Measures Output of Current By Growing Corn During Tests Reading Eagle Reading PA Associated Press 10 August 1942 p 30 Green Douglas June 29 1944 Moon Affects Maple Trees The Sherbrooke Telegram Sherbrooke Quebec The Canadian Press p 2 Lieber Leslie December 10 1961 Moon Madness This Week Milwaukee WI Milwaukee Journal p 12 Kelly Michael M D April 1963 The Nature of Man and the Meaning of Existence By Harold Saxton Burr Archives of Internal Medicine 111 535 536 doi 10 1001 archinte 1963 03620280135039 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Burns John 1997 Cosmic Influences on Humans Animals and Plants An Annotated Bibliography Lanham MD Scarecrow Press pp 148 149 ISBN 0 8108 3313 1 Bishoff Marco 2003 Introduction to Integrative Biophysics In Popp Fritz Albert Beloussov Lev eds Integrative Biophysics Biophotonics Norwell MA Kluwer Academic Publishers p 55 ISBN 1 4020 1139 3 Khoo Ruby December 7 1991 Wondrous Whole of Science and Spirituality New Straits Times p 33 Millican Michael W January 10 1978 Invention Claimed a Monitor of Female Fertility Spokane Daily Chronicle Spokane WA Associated Press p 6 See also editList of neuroscientists Electroencephalography Electrocardiogram Electrotherapy Bioenergetics Aura Walter John Kilner Kirlian Photography Morphogenetic field of biologist Rupert Sheldrake Orgone energy of Wilhelm Reich Prana in Ayurveda and Yoga Qi or ch i or ki in several Asian cultures especially Chinese Vitalism Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Harold Saxton Burr amp oldid 1167443496 Academic career, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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