Lamin A/C congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) (L-CMD, congenital muscular dystrophy associated to the LMNA gene or Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy II) is a disease that it is included in laminopathies. Laminopathies are caused, among other mutations, to mutations in LMNA, a gene that synthesizes lamins A and C.
LMNA-related congenital muscular dystrophy
Other names
Congenital muscular dystrophy due to LMNA mutation
Currently there are approximately 200 cases worldwide.
This illness implies, like other muscular dystrophies, muscle weakness, motor difficulties and lack of control in the movement of the head, respiratory failure and cardiac abnormalities and symptoms are usually evident before the age of 2.
It can be an autosomal dominant inherited disease that affects both male and female but most known cases are de-novo mutations (spontaneous mutation) and are therefore not inherited. It is dominantly inherited because the abnormal gene would dominate beyond the normal one and it would transmit the disease. But it can also be recessive inheritance, which means that parents would carry the disease but it would not appear.Therefore, although parents have normal genes, children who are affected by mutations will have kids that would suffer the same disease as it is transmitted through heredity. This dystrophy was discovered thanks to geneticist, Gisèle Bonne, who identified the first mutation of the LMNA gene in 1999.
Difficulty in motor acquisitions or absence of them.
Poor control of the head and spinal rigidity in the cervical area.
Respiratory difficulties and cardiac disorders such as arrhythmias and cardiac dilatation, which can both cause a sudden death.
Geneticsedit
Mutations on this gene are responsible for congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD), overlapping syndromes related to mutation have also been reported. It is located on the long arm of the chromosome 1 (1q21-q22) and encodes the proteins lamin A and lamin C.[1] These are structural proteins of intermediate filaments that provide stability and strength to the cells. They play an important role in the organization of chromatin and nuclear membrane.[2] A-type lamins promote genetic stability by maintaining levels of proteins that have key roles in non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination, processes that repair DNA double-strand breaks.[3]
Diagnosisedit
Unlike most muscular dystrophies, lamin A/C CMD does not present a breakdown of muscular fibres caused by muscle degeneration.
The only certain way to diagnose this disease is with molecular techniques like LMNA gene sequencing.
Treatmentedit
There is no cure for CMD. Symptoms are managed for each individual and may involve the coordination of several healthcare specialists.[4]
Prognosisedit
There is an open prognosis because this disease has an unknown evolution. The cure of the disease could be found through some advanced therapies such as CRISPR/Cas9.
^Carboni N, Politano L, Floris M, Mateddu A, Solla E, Olla S, Maggi L, Antonietta Maioli M, Piras R, Cocco E, Marrosu G, Giovanna Marrosu M (May 2013). "Overlapping syndromes in laminopathies: a meta-analysis of the reported literature". Acta Myol. 32 (1): 7–17. PMC3665370. PMID 23853504.
^Lewin, Benjamin (2001). Genes VII (in Spanish). Madrid: Marbán Libros S.L.
^Redwood, Abena B.; Perkins, Stephanie M.; Vanderwaal, Robert P.; Feng, Zhihui; Biehl, Kenneth J.; Gonzalez-Suarez, Ignacio; Morgado-Palacin, Lucia; Shi, Wei; Sage, Julien; Roti-Roti, Joseph L.; Stewart, Colin L.; Zhang, Junran; Gonzalo, Susana (27 October 2014). "A dual role for A-type lamins in DNA double-strand break repair". Cell Cycle. 10 (15): 2549–2560. doi:10.4161/cc.10.15.16531. PMC 3180193. PMID 21701264
^Sparks SE. "Congenital Muscular Dystrophy". NORD. National Organization for Rare Disorders. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
External linksedit
LMNA
December 20, 2023
lmna, related, congenital, muscular, dystrophy, lamin, congenital, muscular, dystrophy, congenital, muscular, dystrophy, associated, lmna, gene, emery, dreifuss, muscular, dystrophy, disease, that, included, laminopathies, laminopathies, caused, among, other, . Lamin A C congenital muscular dystrophy CMD L CMD congenital muscular dystrophy associated to the LMNA gene or Emery Dreifuss muscular dystrophy II is a disease that it is included in laminopathies Laminopathies are caused among other mutations to mutations in LMNA a gene that synthesizes lamins A and C LMNA related congenital muscular dystrophyOther namesCongenital muscular dystrophy due to LMNA mutationSpecialtyNeurology Currently there are approximately 200 cases worldwide This illness implies like other muscular dystrophies muscle weakness motor difficulties and lack of control in the movement of the head respiratory failure and cardiac abnormalities and symptoms are usually evident before the age of 2 It can be an autosomal dominant inherited disease that affects both male and female but most known cases are de novo mutations spontaneous mutation and are therefore not inherited It is dominantly inherited because the abnormal gene would dominate beyond the normal one and it would transmit the disease But it can also be recessive inheritance which means that parents would carry the disease but it would not appear Therefore although parents have normal genes children who are affected by mutations will have kids that would suffer the same disease as it is transmitted through heredity This dystrophy was discovered thanks to geneticist Gisele Bonne who identified the first mutation of the LMNA gene in 1999 Contents 1 Symptoms 2 Genetics 3 Diagnosis 4 Treatment 5 Prognosis 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksSymptoms editIn general the symptoms are Muscle weakness Difficulty in motor acquisitions or absence of them Poor control of the head and spinal rigidity in the cervical area Respiratory difficulties and cardiac disorders such as arrhythmias and cardiac dilatation which can both cause a sudden death Genetics editMutations on this gene are responsible for congenital muscular dystrophy CMD overlapping syndromes related to mutation have also been reported It is located on the long arm of the chromosome 1 1q21 q22 and encodes the proteins lamin A and lamin C 1 These are structural proteins of intermediate filaments that provide stability and strength to the cells They play an important role in the organization of chromatin and nuclear membrane 2 A type lamins promote genetic stability by maintaining levels of proteins that have key roles in non homologous end joining and homologous recombination processes that repair DNA double strand breaks 3 Diagnosis editUnlike most muscular dystrophies lamin A C CMD does not present a breakdown of muscular fibres caused by muscle degeneration The only certain way to diagnose this disease is with molecular techniques like LMNA gene sequencing Treatment editThere is no cure for CMD Symptoms are managed for each individual and may involve the coordination of several healthcare specialists 4 Prognosis editThere is an open prognosis because this disease has an unknown evolution The cure of the disease could be found through some advanced therapies such as CRISPR Cas9 See also editMuscular dystrophyReferences edit Carboni N Politano L Floris M Mateddu A Solla E Olla S Maggi L Antonietta Maioli M Piras R Cocco E Marrosu G Giovanna Marrosu M May 2013 Overlapping syndromes in laminopathies a meta analysis of the reported literature Acta Myol 32 1 7 17 PMC 3665370 PMID 23853504 Lewin Benjamin 2001 Genes VII in Spanish Madrid Marban Libros S L Redwood Abena B Perkins Stephanie M Vanderwaal Robert P Feng Zhihui Biehl Kenneth J Gonzalez Suarez Ignacio Morgado Palacin Lucia Shi Wei Sage Julien Roti Roti Joseph L Stewart Colin L Zhang Junran Gonzalo Susana 27 October 2014 A dual role for A type lamins in DNA double strand break repair Cell Cycle 10 15 2549 2560 doi 10 4161 cc 10 15 16531 PMC 3180193 PMID 21701264 Sparks SE Congenital Muscular Dystrophy NORD National Organization for Rare Disorders Retrieved September 19 2018 External links editLMNA Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title LMNA related congenital muscular dystrophy amp oldid 1189709902, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
