Kraków Voivodeship (Polish: województwo krakowskie) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 1919–1939. It occupied a large area of the southern part of the country, including such cities as Kraków, Jaworzno and Tarnów. Its capital city was Kraków.
In early 1939, Voivodeship's area was 17,560 square kilometers. It was located in southern Poland, bordering Autonomous Silesian Voivodeship to the west, Kielce Voivodeship to the north, Lublin Voivodeship, Lwów Voivodeship to the east and Slovakia to the south. Landscape was hilly in the northern part and mountainous in south, with the Tatra Mountains located in the very south of the area. Forests covered 20.9%, with the national average 22.2% (as for January 1, 1937).
Populationedit
According to the 1931 Polish census, the population was 2,300,100, with approximately 25% living in towns and cities. Poles were 91.3% of the population, Jews were 5.6%, and Ukrainians were 2.5%. The Jews preferred to live in the cities and towns; in 1931 they made 19.2% of Voivodeship's city inhabitants. Illiteracy (in 1931) was 13.7%, lower than the national average of 23.1%. In early 1939, population density of the province was 130 people per sq. kilometer, which was much higher than Poland's average of 83.
Industryedit
Kraków Voivodeship was very divided in industrial terms. Its western part, with such cities as Jaworzno, Chrzanów or Trzebinia, was to a large degree industrialized and urbanized, with some coalmines. Also Kraków and Tarnów were big industrial centers. The eastern part, on the other hand, was backward, with little industry and underdeveloped agriculture. In mid-1930s Polish government started a huge public works program, called Centralny Okręg Przemysłowy (COP), which was a great boost to overpopulated and poor central and eastern counties.
The province was unofficially divided into three regions: southern (tourist), western (industrial), and eastern, with its developing industry of the COP. In 1938, the voivodeship was visited by 217,000 tourists. In early 1939, local government began a program of creation of three model tourist villages: Sol in Zywiec County, Tymbark in Limanowa County, and Szymbark in Gorlice County. Furthermore, regulation of the Vistula began in 1938, with levees built along its shores. The road connecting Kraków with Zakopane was to be completed by the end of 1939, after which funds were to be assigned to modernization of the main road from Kraków to Lwow. Due to the outbreak of World War II, none of the projects were finished.
Cities and administrative divisionsedit
In 1938, the Kraków Voivodeship consisted of 18 powiats (counties). These were as follows:
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Krakow Voivodeship Polish wojewodztwo krakowskie was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 1919 1939 It occupied a large area of the southern part of the country including such cities as Krakow Jaworzno and Tarnow Its capital city was Krakow Krakow VoivodeshipWojewodztwo krakowskieVoivodeship of Poland1920 1939Coat of armsLocation of the Krakow Voivodeship red within the Second Polish Republic 1938 CapitalKrakowArea 192117 448 km2 6 737 sq mi 193917 560 km2 6 780 sq mi Population 19211 992 810 19312 300 100Government TypeVoivodeshipVoivode 1921 1923Kazimierz Junosza Galecki 1937 1939Jozef TyminskiHistory Established23 December 1920 Annexed by GermanySeptember 1939Political subdivisions18 powiatsPreceded by Succeeded byKingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria Province of Upper SilesiaKrakow DistrictAdministrative division 1938 Contents 1 Location and area 2 Population 3 Industry 4 Cities and administrative divisions 5 Voivodes 6 See also 7 ReferencesLocation and area editIn early 1939 Voivodeship s area was 17 560 square kilometers It was located in southern Poland bordering Autonomous Silesian Voivodeship to the west Kielce Voivodeship to the north Lublin Voivodeship Lwow Voivodeship to the east and Slovakia to the south Landscape was hilly in the northern part and mountainous in south with the Tatra Mountains located in the very south of the area Forests covered 20 9 with the national average 22 2 as for January 1 1937 Population editAccording to the 1931 Polish census the population was 2 300 100 with approximately 25 living in towns and cities Poles were 91 3 of the population Jews were 5 6 and Ukrainians were 2 5 The Jews preferred to live in the cities and towns in 1931 they made 19 2 of Voivodeship s city inhabitants Illiteracy in 1931 was 13 7 lower than the national average of 23 1 In early 1939 population density of the province was 130 people per sq kilometer which was much higher than Poland s average of 83 Industry editKrakow Voivodeship was very divided in industrial terms Its western part with such cities as Jaworzno Chrzanow or Trzebinia was to a large degree industrialized and urbanized with some coalmines Also Krakow and Tarnow were big industrial centers The eastern part on the other hand was backward with little industry and underdeveloped agriculture In mid 1930s Polish government started a huge public works program called Centralny Okreg Przemyslowy COP which was a great boost to overpopulated and poor central and eastern counties The province was unofficially divided into three regions southern tourist western industrial and eastern with its developing industry of the COP In 1938 the voivodeship was visited by 217 000 tourists In early 1939 local government began a program of creation of three model tourist villages Sol in Zywiec County Tymbark in Limanowa County and Szymbark in Gorlice County Furthermore regulation of the Vistula began in 1938 with levees built along its shores The road connecting Krakow with Zakopane was to be completed by the end of 1939 after which funds were to be assigned to modernization of the main road from Krakow to Lwow Due to the outbreak of World War II none of the projects were finished Cities and administrative divisions editIn 1938 the Krakow Voivodeship consisted of 18 powiats counties These were as follows Biala Krakowska county area 635 km population 139 100 Bochnia county area 877 km population 113 800 Brzesko county area 849 km population 102 200 Chrzanow county area 722 km population 138 100 Dabrowa Tarnowska county area 650 km population 66 700 Debica county area 1 141 km population 110 900 Gorlice county area 1 082 km population 104 800 Jaslo county area 1 055 km population 116 100 city of Krakow county powiat krakowski grodzki area 48 km population 219 300 Krakow county area 884 km population 187 500 Limanowa county area 944 km population 87 300 Mielec county area 901 km population 77 500 Myslenice county area 988 km population 102 700 Nowy Sacz county area 1 572 km population 183 900 Nowy Targ county area 2 069 km population 131 800 Tarnow county area 881 km population 142 400 Wadowice county area 1 109 km population 145 100 Zywiec county area 1 337 km population 130 900 According to the 1931 census biggest cities within the Voivodeship s boundaries were Krakow pop 219 300 Tarnow pop 44 900 Nowy Sacz pop 30 300 Biala Krakowska pop 22 700 Jaworzno pop 19 100 Chrzanow pop 17 900 Zakopane pop 16 300 Bochnia pop 12 100 Oswiecim pop 12 000 Voivodes editKazimierz Junosza Galecki 1 September 1921 19 December 1923 Karol Olpinski 6 November 1923 16 November 1923 acting Wladyslaw Kowalikowski 16 November 1923 7 July 1926 acting till 19 December 1923 or 8 March 1924 Ludwik Darowski 1 July 1926 31 December 1928 Mikolaj Kwasniewski 1 January 1929 25 June 1935 Wladyslaw Raczkiewicz 10 August 1935 13 October 1935 Kazimierz Switalski 3 December 1935 20 April 1936 Michal Gnoinski 22 April 1936 8 September 1937 Jozef Tyminski 9 September 1937 September 1939See also editPoland s current Lesser Poland VoivodeshipReferences editMaly rocznik statystyczny 1939 Nakladem Glownego Urzedu Statystycznego Warszawa 1939 Concise Statistical Year Book of Poland Warsaw 1939 50 03 41 N 19 56 18 E 50 061389 N 19 938333 E 50 061389 19 938333 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Krakow Voivodeship 1919 1939 amp oldid 1143672349, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
