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Kōkoku

February 19, 2024

Kōkoku (興国) was a Japanese era of the Southern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after Engen and before Shōhei, lasting from April 1340 to December 1346.[1] The emperor in Kyoto was Emperor Kōmyō (光明天皇, Kōmyō-tennō).[2] Go-Kōgon's Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time-frame was Emperor Go-Murakami (後村上天皇, Go-Murakami-tennō).

Nanboku-chō overview edit

 
The Imperial seats during the Nanboku-chō period were in relatively close proximity, but geographically distinct. They were conventionally identified as:

During the Meiji period, an Imperial decree dated March 3, 1911, established that the legitimate reigning monarchs of this period were the direct descendants of Emperor Go-Daigo through Emperor Go-Murakami, whose Southern Court (南朝, nanchō) had been established in exile in Yoshino, near Nara.[3]

Until the end of the Edo period, the militarily superior pretender-Emperors supported by the Ashikaga shogunate had been mistakenly incorporated in Imperial chronologies despite the undisputed fact that the Imperial Regalia were not in their possession.[3]

This illegitimate Northern Court (北朝, hokuchō) had been established in Kyoto by Ashikaga Takauji.[3]

Change of era edit

Events of the Kōkoku Era edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Kōkoku" in Japan encyclopedia, p. 549; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File Archived 2012-05-24 at archive.today.
  2. ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 294-297; Nussbaum, p. 541.
  3. ^ a b c Thomas, Julia Adeney. (2001). Reconfiguring modernity: concepts of nature in Japanese political ideology, p. 199 n57, citing Mehl, Margaret. (1997). History and the State in Nineteenth-Century Japan. p. 140-147.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Titsingh, p. 297.

References edit

  • Mehl, Margaret. (1997). History and the State in Nineteenth-Century Japan. New York: St Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-21160-8; OCLC 419870136
  • Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan Encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 48943301
  • Thomas, Julia Adeney. (2001). Reconfiguring Modernity: Concepts of Nature in Japanese Political Ideology. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22854-2; OCLC 47916285
  • Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691

External links edit

  • National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Preceded by Era or nengō
Kōkoku
1340–1346 		Succeeded by

February 19, 2024
kōkoku, 興国, japanese, southern, court, during, northern, southern, courts, after, engen, before, shōhei, lasting, from, april, 1340, december, 1346, emperor, kyoto, emperor, kōmyō, 光明天皇, kōmyō, tennō, kōgon, southern, court, rival, yoshino, during, this, time,. Kōkoku 興国 was a Japanese era of the Southern Court during the Era of Northern and Southern Courts after Engen and before Shōhei lasting from April 1340 to December 1346 1 The emperor in Kyoto was Emperor Kōmyō 光明天皇 Kōmyō tennō 2 Go Kōgon s Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time frame was Emperor Go Murakami 後村上天皇 Go Murakami tennō Contents 1 Nanboku chō overview 2 Change of era 3 Events of the Kōkoku Era 4 Notes 5 References 6 External linksNanboku chō overview edit nbsp The Imperial seats during the Nanboku chō period were in relatively close proximity but geographically distinct They were conventionally identified as Northern capital KyotoSouthern capital Yoshino During the Meiji period an Imperial decree dated March 3 1911 established that the legitimate reigning monarchs of this period were the direct descendants of Emperor Go Daigo through Emperor Go Murakami whose Southern Court 南朝 nanchō had been established in exile in Yoshino near Nara 3 Until the end of the Edo period the militarily superior pretender Emperors supported by the Ashikaga shogunate had been mistakenly incorporated in Imperial chronologies despite the undisputed fact that the Imperial Regalia were not in their possession 3 This illegitimate Northern Court 北朝 hokuchō had been established in Kyoto by Ashikaga Takauji 3 Change of era editNorthern Court Equivalents Ryakuō Kōei JōwaEvents of the Kōkoku Era edit1342 Kōtoku 3 Ichijō Tsunemichi loses his position as kampaku and he is replaced by Kujō Michinori 4 1342 Kōtoku 3 Minamoto no Nagamichi 源長通 is removed from his position as daijō daijin 4 1342 Kōtoku 3 Kujō Michinori is replaced by Takatsukasa Morohira who was formerly udaijin 4 1342 Kōtoku 3 Fujiwara no Kiyoko dies She was the daughter of Usesugi Yorishige and the mother of Ashikaga Takauji 4 1343 Kōtoku 4 Nijō Yoshimoto the author of Masukagami was promoted from the court position of nadaijin to udaijin and in due course the udaijin was promoted to sadaijin The dainagon was promoted to nadaijin 4 1344 Kōtoku 4 Shōgun Takauji offered prayers at Iwashimizu Hachiman gu 4 Notes edit Nussbaum Louis Frederic 2005 Kōkoku in Japan encyclopedia p 549 n b Louis Frederic is pseudonym of Louis Frederic Nussbaum see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File Archived 2012 05 24 at archive today Titsingh Isaac 1834 Annales des empereurs du japon pp 294 297 Nussbaum p 541 a b c Thomas Julia Adeney 2001 Reconfiguring modernity concepts of nature in Japanese political ideology p 199 n57 citing Mehl Margaret 1997 History and the State in Nineteenth Century Japan p 140 147 a b c d e f Titsingh p 297 References editMehl Margaret 1997 History and the State in Nineteenth Century Japan New York St Martin s Press ISBN 978 0 312 21160 8 OCLC 419870136 Nussbaum Louis Frederic and Kathe Roth 2005 Japan Encyclopedia Cambridge Harvard University Press ISBN 978 0 674 01753 5 OCLC 48943301 Thomas Julia Adeney 2001 Reconfiguring Modernity Concepts of Nature in Japanese Political Ideology Berkeley University of California Press ISBN 978 0 520 22854 2 OCLC 47916285 Titsingh Isaac 1834 Nihon Odai Ichiran ou Annales des empereurs du Japon Paris Royal Asiatic Society Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland OCLC 5850691External links editNational Diet Library The Japanese Calendar historical overview plus illustrative images from library s collectionPreceded byEngen Era or nengōKōkoku1340 1346 Succeeded byShōhei Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kōkoku amp oldid 1169091086, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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