"Kokinshū" redirects here. For the album recorded by Hiroko Yakushimaru, see Kokinshū (album).
The Kokin Wakashū (古今和歌集, "Collection of Japanese Poems of Ancient and Modern Times"), commonly abbreviated as Kokinshū (古今集), is an early anthology of the waka form of Japanese poetry, dating from the Heian period. An imperial anthology, it was conceived by Emperor Uda (r. 887–897) and published by order of his son Emperor Daigo (r. 897–930) in about 905. Its finished form dates to c. 920, though according to several historical accounts the last poem was added to the collection in 914.
Section of the earliest extant complete manuscript of the Kokinshū (Gen'ei edition, National Treasure); early twelfth century; at the Tokyo National Museum
The Kokinshū is the first of the Nijūichidaishū (二十一代集), the 21 collections of Japanese poetry compiled at Imperial request. It was the most influential realization of the ideas of poetry at the time, dictating the form and format of Japanese poetry until the late nineteenth century; it was the first anthology to divide itself into seasonal and love poems. The primacy of poems about the seasons pioneered by the Kokinshū continues even today.
The Japanese preface by Ki no Tsurayuki is also the beginning of Japanese criticism as distinct from the far more prevalent Chinese poetics in the literary circles of its day. The anthology also included a Classical Chinese preface authored by Ki no Yoshimochi. The idea of including old as well as new poems was another important innovation, one which was widely adopted in later works, both in prose and verse. The poems of the Kokinshū were ordered temporally; the love poems, for instance, though written by many different poets across large spans of time, are ordered in such a way that the reader may understand them to depict the progression and fluctuations of a courtly love-affair. This association of one poem to the next marks this anthology as the ancestor of the renga and haikai traditions.
Structureedit
The exact number of poems in the collection varies depending on the textual tradition. One online edition,[1] which follows the Date Family text based on a manuscript prepared by Fujiwara no Teika, contains 1,111 poems. The collection is divided into twenty parts, reflecting older models such as the Man'yōshū and various Chinese anthologies. The organization of topics is however different from all earlier models, and was followed by all later official collections, although some collections like the Kin'yō Wakashū and Shika Wakashū scaled the model down to ten parts.
The following divisions of the Kokinshū mention the Japanese names of the parts,[1] their modern readings,[2][3] and their English translations.[4]
Topic
Parts
Seasons
1–2
Spring
春歌
haru no uta
3
Summer
夏歌
natsu no uta
4–5
Autumn
秋歌
aki no uta
6
Winter
冬歌
fuyu no uta
7
Congratulations
賀歌
ga no uta
8
Partings
離別歌
wakare no uta
9
Travel
羈旅歌
tabi no uta
10
Acrostics
物名
mono no na
Love
11–15
Love
恋歌
koi no uta
Miscellany
16
Laments
哀傷歌
aishō no uta
17–18
Miscellaneous
雑歌
kusagusa no uta
19
Miscellaneous Forms
雑躰歌
zattai no uta
20
Traditional Poems from the Bureau of Song
大歌所御歌
ōutadokoro no on'uta
The compilers included the name of the author of each poem, and the topic (題, dai) or inspiration of the poem, if known. Major poets of the Kokinshū include Ariwara no Narihira, Ono no Komachi, Henjō and Fujiwara no Okikaze, apart from the compilers themselves. Inclusion in any imperial collection, and particularly the Kokinshū, was a great honour.
Manuscriptsedit
On October 20, 2010, Kōnan Women's University announced the discovery of a complete manuscript dating to c. 1220–1240. It is the oldest manuscript to contain both the Chinese and Japanese prefaces. It is split into two volumes, 15.9 cm tall by 14.6 cm wide, totaling 429 pages containing all 1111 poems. It is thought to be a copy of a manuscript made by Fujiwara no Teika, but the identity of the copier is unknown. The manuscript was purchased from a used book store in 1982 for 4,280,000 yen.[5][6][7]
^ abOnline edition of the Kokin wakashu 2014-08-14 at the Wayback Machine at the UVa Library Japanese Text Initiative 2005-01-21 at the Wayback Machine.
Miner, Earl; H. Odagiri; R. E. Morrell (1985). The Princeton Companion to Classical Japanese Literature. Princeton University Press. pp. 186–187. ISBN0-691-06599-3.
kokin, wakashū, kokinshū, redirects, here, album, recorded, hiroko, yakushimaru, kokinshū, album, 古今和歌集, collection, japanese, poems, ancient, modern, times, commonly, abbreviated, kokinshū, 古今集, early, anthology, waka, form, japanese, poetry, dating, from, he. Kokinshu redirects here For the album recorded by Hiroko Yakushimaru see Kokinshu album The Kokin Wakashu 古今和歌集 Collection of Japanese Poems of Ancient and Modern Times commonly abbreviated as Kokinshu 古今集 is an early anthology of the waka form of Japanese poetry dating from the Heian period An imperial anthology it was conceived by Emperor Uda r 887 897 and published by order of his son Emperor Daigo r 897 930 in about 905 Its finished form dates to c 920 though according to several historical accounts the last poem was added to the collection in 914 Section of the earliest extant complete manuscript of the Kokinshu Gen ei edition National Treasure early twelfth century at the Tokyo National MuseumThe compilers of the anthology were four court poets led by Ki no Tsurayuki and also including Ki no Tomonori who died before its completion Ōshikōchi no Mitsune and Mibu no Tadamine Contents 1 Significance 2 Structure 3 Manuscripts 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 External linksSignificance editThe Kokinshu is the first of the Nijuichidaishu 二十一代集 the 21 collections of Japanese poetry compiled at Imperial request It was the most influential realization of the ideas of poetry at the time dictating the form and format of Japanese poetry until the late nineteenth century it was the first anthology to divide itself into seasonal and love poems The primacy of poems about the seasons pioneered by the Kokinshu continues even today The Japanese preface by Ki no Tsurayuki is also the beginning of Japanese criticism as distinct from the far more prevalent Chinese poetics in the literary circles of its day The anthology also included a Classical Chinese preface authored by Ki no Yoshimochi The idea of including old as well as new poems was another important innovation one which was widely adopted in later works both in prose and verse The poems of the Kokinshu were ordered temporally the love poems for instance though written by many different poets across large spans of time are ordered in such a way that the reader may understand them to depict the progression and fluctuations of a courtly love affair This association of one poem to the next marks this anthology as the ancestor of the renga and haikai traditions Structure editThe exact number of poems in the collection varies depending on the textual tradition One online edition 1 which follows the Date Family text based on a manuscript prepared by Fujiwara no Teika contains 1 111 poems The collection is divided into twenty parts reflecting older models such as the Man yōshu and various Chinese anthologies The organization of topics is however different from all earlier models and was followed by all later official collections although some collections like the Kin yō Wakashu and Shika Wakashu scaled the model down to ten parts The following divisions of the Kokinshu mention the Japanese names of the parts 1 their modern readings 2 3 and their English translations 4 Topic PartsSeasons 1 2 Spring 春歌 haru no uta3 Summer 夏歌 natsu no uta4 5 Autumn 秋歌 aki no uta6 Winter 冬歌 fuyu no uta 7 Congratulations 賀歌 ga no uta8 Partings 離別歌 wakare no uta9 Travel 羈旅歌 tabi no uta10 Acrostics 物名 mono no naLove 11 15 Love 恋歌 koi no utaMiscellany 16 Laments 哀傷歌 aishō no uta17 18 Miscellaneous 雑歌 kusagusa no uta19 Miscellaneous Forms 雑躰歌 zattai no uta20 Traditional Poemsfrom the Bureau of Song 大歌所御歌 ōutadokoro no on utaThe compilers included the name of the author of each poem and the topic 題 dai or inspiration of the poem if known Major poets of the Kokinshu include Ariwara no Narihira Ono no Komachi Henjō and Fujiwara no Okikaze apart from the compilers themselves Inclusion in any imperial collection and particularly the Kokinshu was a great honour Manuscripts editOn October 20 2010 Kōnan Women s University announced the discovery of a complete manuscript dating to c 1220 1240 It is the oldest manuscript to contain both the Chinese and Japanese prefaces It is split into two volumes 15 9 cm tall by 14 6 cm wide totaling 429 pages containing all 1111 poems It is thought to be a copy of a manuscript made by Fujiwara no Teika but the identity of the copier is unknown The manuscript was purchased from a used book store in 1982 for 4 280 000 yen 5 6 7 See also editList of Kokinshu poets List of National Treasures of Japan writings Japanese books Shin Kokin Wakashu Heian literature Minamoto no Tōru Gosen WakashuNotes edit a b Online edition of the Kokin wakashu Archived 2014 08 14 at the Wayback Machine at the UVa Library Japanese Text Initiative Archived 2005 01 21 at the Wayback Machine Miner 1985 pages 186 187 McCullough Brower pg 482 古今和歌集 鎌倉初期の写本と判明 甲南女子大所蔵 Mainichi Shimbun October 20 2010 Retrieved October 22 2010 permanent dead link 古今和歌集の写本 鎌倉初期の 完本 と確認 Yomiuri Shimbun October 20 2010 Archived from the original on October 23 2010 Retrieved October 22 2010 古今和歌集 完全写本見つかる 漢字 仮名序文付きで最古 甲南女子大 Yahoo News October 20 2010 Retrieved October 22 2010 permanent dead link References editSaeki Umetomo 1958 Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei Kokin Wakashu Iwanami Shoten ISBN 4 00 060008 7 Kojima Noriyuki Eizō Arai 1989 Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei Kokin Wakashu Iwanami Shoten ISBN 4 00 240005 0 Miner Earl H Odagiri R E Morrell 1985 The Princeton Companion to Classical Japanese Literature Princeton University Press pp 186 187 ISBN 0 691 06599 3 McCullough Helen Craig 1985 Kokin Wakashu The First Imperial Anthology of Japanese Poetry Stanford University Press ISBN 0 8047 1258 1 Brower Robert H Earl Roy Miner 1961 Japanese court poetry Stanford University Press LCCN 61 10925 External links editManuscript scans at Waseda University Library 1 volume unknown year 2 volumes unknown year 1 volume unknown year 1553 Sanjōnishi Kin eda 1510 Ichijō Fuyuyoshi Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kokin Wakashu amp oldid 1198702107, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
