Keystone virus (Keystone orthobunyavirus)[1] is a mosquito-borne virus which can infect mammals. It was first discovered in animals in the Florida area, where it is spread in part by local species of Aedesmosquitoes. In 1964, a case of human infection, producing minor symptoms of a rash and fever, was circumstantially diagnosed.[2] Conclusive laboratory demonstration of the virus in humans was first obtained and reported in 2018.[3]
The Keystone virus was first discovered in mosquitoes in the Keystone area of Tampa, Florida in 1964, based on antigenic evidence from specimens caught in 1963.[4] The virus has been subsequently observed along the eastern and southern coastline of the United States, from Boston through Texas.[5] In small mammals it can produce symptoms of encephalitis. Infection in humans is believed to be widespread, based on a 1972 report detecting Keystone virus antibodies in 19–21 percent of the people tested in the Tampa Bay region.[6][7]
The first laboratory isolation of the virus from a human case occurred in Florida in 2016, and was reported in 2018.[8] Identification took almost two years after the case actually occurred, when blood samples taken from the subject in 2016 were analyzed retrospectively by researchers studying the incidence of Zika virus in the Florida population.
The Aedes atlanticus mosquito is a demonstrated vector. The virus transmits transstadially through the different stages of the insect's life: A female mosquito may lay eggs carrying the virus, which hatch into infected larvae, eventually maturing into adults that can infect mammals while injecting their anti-coagulant saliva during a bite.[9]
Referencesedit
^"Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
^The Ecology and Behavior of Aedes atlanticus D. & K. and Other Species with Reference to Keystone Virus in the Houston Area, Texas
^F. M. Wellings (1972). "Agents Encountered during Arboviral Ecological Studies: Tampa Bay Area, Florida, 1963 to 1970". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 21 (2): 201–213. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1972.21.201. PMID 4400812.
^Evan Barton (June 18, 2018). "Virus found in Florida resident may be widespread throughout the Southeast". University of Florida Health, Emerging Pathogens Institute. Retrieved June 22, 2018.
^John A Lednicky; et al. (June 9, 2018). "Keystone Virus Isolated from a Florida Teenager with Rash and Subjective Fever: Another Endemic Arbovirus in the Southeastern United States?". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 68 (1): 143–145. doi:10.1093/cid/ciy485. PMID 29893806.
^LeDuc JW, Burger JF, Eldridge BF, Russell PK (1975). "Ecology of Keystone virus, a transovarially maintained arbovirus". Ann N Y Acad Sci. 266 (1 Pathobiology): 144–51. Bibcode:1975NYASA.266..144L. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb35095.x. PMID 20017. S2CID 39831398.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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keystone, virus, keystone, orthobunyavirus, mosquito, borne, virus, which, infect, mammals, first, discovered, animals, florida, area, where, spread, part, local, species, aedes, mosquitoes, 1964, case, human, infection, producing, minor, symptoms, rash, fever. Keystone virus Keystone orthobunyavirus 1 is a mosquito borne virus which can infect mammals It was first discovered in animals in the Florida area where it is spread in part by local species of Aedes mosquitoes In 1964 a case of human infection producing minor symptoms of a rash and fever was circumstantially diagnosed 2 Conclusive laboratory demonstration of the virus in humans was first obtained and reported in 2018 3 Keystone orthobunyavirusVirus classification unranked VirusRealm RiboviriaKingdom OrthornaviraePhylum NegarnaviricotaClass EllioviricetesOrder BunyaviralesFamily PeribunyaviridaeGenus OrthobunyavirusSpecies Keystone orthobunyavirusThe virus editThe Keystone virus was first discovered in mosquitoes in the Keystone area of Tampa Florida in 1964 based on antigenic evidence from specimens caught in 1963 4 The virus has been subsequently observed along the eastern and southern coastline of the United States from Boston through Texas 5 In small mammals it can produce symptoms of encephalitis Infection in humans is believed to be widespread based on a 1972 report detecting Keystone virus antibodies in 19 21 percent of the people tested in the Tampa Bay region 6 7 The first laboratory isolation of the virus from a human case occurred in Florida in 2016 and was reported in 2018 8 Identification took almost two years after the case actually occurred when blood samples taken from the subject in 2016 were analyzed retrospectively by researchers studying the incidence of Zika virus in the Florida population The Aedes atlanticus mosquito is a demonstrated vector The virus transmits transstadially through the different stages of the insect s life A female mosquito may lay eggs carrying the virus which hatch into infected larvae eventually maturing into adults that can infect mammals while injecting their anti coagulant saliva during a bite 9 References edit Virus Taxonomy 2020 Release International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses ICTV March 2021 Retrieved 25 May 2021 http www floridahealth gov diseases and conditions disease reporting and management disease reporting and surveillance documents mosquito guide 2013 pdf Surveillance and Control of Selected Mosquito borne Diseases in Florida 2013 The only recorded human case of Keystone virus illness occurred in a young child from Sarasota in 1964 Keystone virus makes first jump from mosquitoes to humans with confirmed case in Florida teen study says USA TODAY Retrieved 2023 07 17 http aem asm org content 19 4 557 full pdf Arbovirus Identification by an Agar Gel Diffusion Technique The Ecology and Behavior of Aedes atlanticus D amp K and Other Species with Reference to Keystone Virus in the Houston Area Texas F M Wellings 1972 Agents Encountered during Arboviral Ecological Studies Tampa Bay Area Florida 1963 to 1970 The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 21 2 201 213 doi 10 4269 ajtmh 1972 21 201 PMID 4400812 Evan Barton June 18 2018 Virus found in Florida resident may be widespread throughout the Southeast University of Florida Health Emerging Pathogens Institute Retrieved June 22 2018 John A Lednicky et al June 9 2018 Keystone Virus Isolated from a Florida Teenager with Rash and Subjective Fever Another Endemic Arbovirus in the Southeastern United States Clinical Infectious Diseases 68 1 143 145 doi 10 1093 cid ciy485 PMID 29893806 LeDuc JW Burger JF Eldridge BF Russell PK 1975 Ecology of Keystone virus a transovarially maintained arbovirus Ann N Y Acad Sci 266 1 Pathobiology 144 51 Bibcode 1975NYASA 266 144L doi 10 1111 j 1749 6632 1975 tb35095 x PMID 20017 S2CID 39831398 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link nbsp This virus related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Keystone virus amp oldid 1165763052, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
