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Carl Muth

February 28, 2024

Karl Borromäus Johann Baptist Muth (also Carl) (31 January 1867, Worms – 15 November 1944, Bad Reichenhall)[1] was a German writer and publisher, best known for founding and editing the religious and cultural magazine Hochland.[2]

Carl Muth

Biography edit

Muth attended the gymnasium in Worms from 1877 to 1881. With the intention of becoming a missionary, he attended the school of the Steyler Missionaries from 1882 to 1884 and the missionary school in Algiers of the White Fathers from 1884 to 1885. He undertook military service in Mainz in 1890 and 1891, then studied for a year at the University of Berlin, taking classes in philosophy, history, and literature. He studied history and art in Paris (1892–1893) and Rome (1893), began writing for the Mainzer Journal, and befriended Georges Goyau. In 1894, he became editor at the newspaper Der Elsässer in Strasbourg, and he married Anna Thaler from Fulda in the same year. From 1895 to 1902 he worked as editor at the Catholic monthly family magazine Alte und Neue Welt.[3]

Prompted by a public debate over the "inferiority of German Catholics," Muth began publishing on Catholic literature; furthermore, he began to call for an end to the confessionalism that remained from the Kulturkampf, with its attendant narrow-minded morality, apathy, and prudery. Under the influence of Martin Deutinger, he emphasized the interaction between religion and art and maintained that a decrease in religious awareness also entailed a decrease in art's creativity. Muth's main accomplishment was founding and then editing Hochland, a magazine with a "supraconfessional" group of contributors, writing on sciences, poetry, arts, and music. The magazine soon attained a leading status in Catholic spiritual life. During World War I, he defended German culture, and after the war Hochland attacked the primitivism and nihilism of Nazism; throughout the 1930s the magazine spoke out, partly covertly, against the perversion of (Christianity-derived) justice and the destruction of societal order.[4]

After Hochland was definitively banned in 1941, Muth successfully managed to avoid being arrested in connection with the White Rose. He died alone in a hospital in Bad Reichenhall.[5]

Patriotism and Christianity edit

Muth, whom historian David Blackbourn calls a "self-conscious Catholic modernist,"[6] was a patriot, though he never claimed to be a nationalist, and, in a defense of Germany's involvement in World War I, said: "Our ambition is not rooted in a conceited belief that we are fit and destined to lord it over the globe. Our heart is not set on industrial subjugation or commercial supremacy. We simply have a keen inborn sense that mother nature has made us a many-sided and objective sort of folk. We think we have a duty to ripen in ourselves a humanity that shall unite in harmony the several forces and faculties. A limited, self-centred, bigoted nationalism is foreign to our deeper character....The idea of universalism, catholicity, and world-embracing solidarity is essentially Christian. There is a natural kinship, then, between Christianity and German universalism."[7]

Hochland edit

Main article: Hochland (magazine)

Muth founded Hochland in 1903 and edited it from 1903 to 1932 and again from 1935 to 1939. Hochland, a Catholic magazine devoted to religion and culture, loosened its strictly confessional attitude and became under his direction a forum for dialogue with other denominations and even with secular thinkers.[8] The articles he published were to elucidate how art and aesthetics could influence politics and religions, and they never followed any party's line;[9] Among his "friends", those authors who published regularly on Hochland, were such notables people as Theodor Haecker, Ruth Schaumann, Gertrud von Le Fort, Werner Bergengruen Sigrid Undset, Stefan Andres, Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy, Romano Guardini, Max Scheler, Carl Schmitt (until 1930), Peter Wust, and Theodor Schieffer.[10][8]

Influences edit

Muth, personally and through Hochland, influenced Gertrud von Le Fort,[11] and Hans and Sophie Scholl,[12] who rented a room in his house.[13]

References edit

  1. ^ Ziolkowski 224.
  2. ^ McBrien and Attridge 616.
  3. ^ Becker par. 1.
  4. ^ Becker par. 1.
  5. ^ Becker par. 1.
  6. ^ Blackbourn 298.
  7. ^ Muth 394-95.
  8. ^ a b Ackermann, Hochland. Monatsschrift für...
  9. ^ Zankel 208.
  10. ^ Grosse 127.
  11. ^ Ziolkowski 224.
  12. ^ Zankel 208.
  13. ^ Axelrod 53.

Bibliography edit

  • Ackermann, Konrad. "Hochland. Monatsschrift für alle Gebiete des Wissens, der Literatur und Kunst". Historisches Lexikon Bayerns (in German). Retrieved 1 May 2016.
  • Axelrod, Toby (2001). Hans and Sophie Scholl: German Resisters of the White Rose. Rosen. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-8239-3316-7.
  • Winfried Becker (1993). "Carl Muth". In Bautz, Traugott (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). Vol. 6. Herzberg: Bautz. cols. 396–402. ISBN 3-88309-044-1.
  • Blackbourn, David (2003). History of Germany, 1780-1918: the long nineteenth century. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-631-23196-7. Retrieved 23 July 2010.
  • Gottfried, Paul (1990). Carl Schmitt. Continuum. ISBN 978-1-870626-46-0.
  • Grosse, Rolf (2007). "Theodor Schieffer: Ein rheinischer Historiker und seine 'Begegnung mit der romanisch-französischen Welt'". In Ulrich Pfeil (ed.). Das Deutsche Historische Institut Paris und seine Gründungsväter: ein personengeschichtlicher Ansatz. Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag. pp. 119–38. ISBN 978-3-486-58519-3.
  • McBrien, Richard P.; Harold W. Attridge (1995). The HarperCollins encyclopedia of Catholicism. HarperCollins. p. 616. ISBN 978-0-06-065338-5. Retrieved 22 July 2010.
  • Muth, Karl (1916). "Ideal Humanity Interpreted in German Thought and Art". In George Pfeilschifter (ed.). German culture catholicism and the world war: a defense against the book, La guerre allemande et le catholicisme. Wanderer. pp. 379–95. Retrieved 23 July 2010.
  • Schmitt, Carl (1988). Ellen Kennedy (ed.). The crisis of parliamentary democracy. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-69126-0. Retrieved 23 July 2010.
  • Zankel, Sönke (2008). Mit Flugblättern gegen Hitler: der Widerstandskreis um Hans Scholl und Alexander Schmorell. Böhlau Verlag. ISBN 978-3-412-20038-1.
  • Ziolkowski, Theodore (2007). Modes of faith: secular surrogates for lost religious belief. U of Chicago P. ISBN 978-0-226-98363-9.

External links edit

    February 28, 2024
    carl, muth, karl, borromäus, johann, baptist, muth, also, carl, january, 1867, worms, november, 1944, reichenhall, german, writer, publisher, best, known, founding, editing, religious, cultural, magazine, hochland, contents, biography, patriotism, christianity. Karl Borromaus Johann Baptist Muth also Carl 31 January 1867 Worms 15 November 1944 Bad Reichenhall 1 was a German writer and publisher best known for founding and editing the religious and cultural magazine Hochland 2 Carl Muth Contents 1 Biography 2 Patriotism and Christianity 3 Hochland 4 Influences 5 References 6 Bibliography 7 External linksBiography editMuth attended the gymnasium in Worms from 1877 to 1881 With the intention of becoming a missionary he attended the school of the Steyler Missionaries from 1882 to 1884 and the missionary school in Algiers of the White Fathers from 1884 to 1885 He undertook military service in Mainz in 1890 and 1891 then studied for a year at the University of Berlin taking classes in philosophy history and literature He studied history and art in Paris 1892 1893 and Rome 1893 began writing for the Mainzer Journal and befriended Georges Goyau In 1894 he became editor at the newspaper Der Elsasser in Strasbourg and he married Anna Thaler from Fulda in the same year From 1895 to 1902 he worked as editor at the Catholic monthly family magazine Alte und Neue Welt 3 Prompted by a public debate over the inferiority of German Catholics Muth began publishing on Catholic literature furthermore he began to call for an end to the confessionalism that remained from the Kulturkampf with its attendant narrow minded morality apathy and prudery Under the influence of Martin Deutinger he emphasized the interaction between religion and art and maintained that a decrease in religious awareness also entailed a decrease in art s creativity Muth s main accomplishment was founding and then editing Hochland a magazine with a supraconfessional group of contributors writing on sciences poetry arts and music The magazine soon attained a leading status in Catholic spiritual life During World War I he defended German culture and after the war Hochland attacked the primitivism and nihilism of Nazism throughout the 1930s the magazine spoke out partly covertly against the perversion of Christianity derived justice and the destruction of societal order 4 After Hochland was definitively banned in 1941 Muth successfully managed to avoid being arrested in connection with the White Rose He died alone in a hospital in Bad Reichenhall 5 Patriotism and Christianity editMuth whom historian David Blackbourn calls a self conscious Catholic modernist 6 was a patriot though he never claimed to be a nationalist and in a defense of Germany s involvement in World War I said Our ambition is not rooted in a conceited belief that we are fit and destined to lord it over the globe Our heart is not set on industrial subjugation or commercial supremacy We simply have a keen inborn sense that mother nature has made us a many sided and objective sort of folk We think we have a duty to ripen in ourselves a humanity that shall unite in harmony the several forces and faculties A limited self centred bigoted nationalism is foreign to our deeper character The idea of universalism catholicity and world embracing solidarity is essentially Christian There is a natural kinship then between Christianity and German universalism 7 Hochland editMain article Hochland magazine Muth founded Hochland in 1903 and edited it from 1903 to 1932 and again from 1935 to 1939 Hochland a Catholic magazine devoted to religion and culture loosened its strictly confessional attitude and became under his direction a forum for dialogue with other denominations and even with secular thinkers 8 The articles he published were to elucidate how art and aesthetics could influence politics and religions and they never followed any party s line 9 Among his friends those authors who published regularly on Hochland were such notables people as Theodor Haecker Ruth Schaumann Gertrud von Le Fort Werner Bergengruen Sigrid Undset Stefan Andres Eugen Rosenstock Huessy Romano Guardini Max Scheler Carl Schmitt until 1930 Peter Wust and Theodor Schieffer 10 8 Influences editMuth personally and through Hochland influenced Gertrud von Le Fort 11 and Hans and Sophie Scholl 12 who rented a room in his house 13 References edit Ziolkowski 224 McBrien and Attridge 616 Becker par 1 Becker par 1 Becker par 1 Blackbourn 298 Muth 394 95 a b Ackermann Hochland Monatsschrift fur Zankel 208 Grosse 127 Ziolkowski 224 Zankel 208 Axelrod 53 Bibliography editAckermann Konrad Hochland Monatsschrift fur alle Gebiete des Wissens der Literatur und Kunst Historisches Lexikon Bayerns in German Retrieved 1 May 2016 Axelrod Toby 2001 Hans and Sophie Scholl German Resisters of the White Rose Rosen p 53 ISBN 978 0 8239 3316 7 Winfried Becker 1993 Carl Muth In Bautz Traugott ed Biographisch Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon BBKL in German Vol 6 Herzberg Bautz cols 396 402 ISBN 3 88309 044 1 Blackbourn David 2003 History of Germany 1780 1918 the long nineteenth century Wiley Blackwell ISBN 978 0 631 23196 7 Retrieved 23 July 2010 Gottfried Paul 1990 Carl Schmitt Continuum ISBN 978 1 870626 46 0 Grosse Rolf 2007 Theodor Schieffer Ein rheinischer Historiker und seine Begegnung mit der romanisch franzosischen Welt In Ulrich Pfeil ed Das Deutsche Historische Institut Paris und seine Grundungsvater ein personengeschichtlicher Ansatz Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag pp 119 38 ISBN 978 3 486 58519 3 McBrien Richard P Harold W Attridge 1995 The HarperCollins encyclopedia of Catholicism HarperCollins p 616 ISBN 978 0 06 065338 5 Retrieved 22 July 2010 Muth Karl 1916 Ideal Humanity Interpreted in German Thought and Art In George Pfeilschifter ed German culture catholicism and the world war a defense against the book La guerre allemande et le catholicisme Wanderer pp 379 95 Retrieved 23 July 2010 Schmitt Carl 1988 Ellen Kennedy ed The crisis of parliamentary democracy MIT Press ISBN 978 0 262 69126 0 Retrieved 23 July 2010 Zankel Sonke 2008 Mit Flugblattern gegen Hitler der Widerstandskreis um Hans Scholl und Alexander Schmorell Bohlau Verlag ISBN 978 3 412 20038 1 Ziolkowski Theodore 2007 Modes of faith secular surrogates for lost religious belief U of Chicago P ISBN 978 0 226 98363 9 External links editFoto Carl Muth Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Carl Muth amp oldid 1151988007, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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