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Atlantic bamboo rat

January 01, 1970

The Atlantic bamboo rat (Kannabateomys amblyonyx), or southern bamboo rat, is a spiny rat species found in humid tropical forests in Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. It is the only member of the genus Kannabateomys.[2]

Atlantic bamboo rat
Temporal range: Pleistocene to Recent
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Family: Echimyidae
Subfamily: Echimyinae
Tribe: Echimyini
Genus: Kannabateomys
Jentink, 1891
Species:
K. amblyonyx
Binomial name
Kannabateomys amblyonyx
Wagner, 1845
Subspecies

K. a. amblyonyx Wagner, 1845
K. a. pallidior Thomas, 1903

Description edit

The Atlantic bamboo rat can reach a head-and-body length of 25 cm (9.8 in) with a tail of 32 cm (12.6 in). Its weight is about 475 g (1 lb). The pelage is the typical agouti brown-to-grey colour of many rodents, grading to chestnut on the flanks. The chin and underparts are white tinged with reddish brown. The first 6 cm (2.4 in) of the tail are well-haired but the rest is sparsely haired. There is a distinct tuft of hairs at the tip. When fully grown, this bamboo rat with its long tail is unlikely to be mistaken for any other species.[3]

Etymology edit

The genus name Kannabateomys derives from the three ancient greek words κάννα (kánna), meaning "reed, cane", βατέω (batéō), meaning "to mount", and μῦς (mûs), meaning "mouse, rat".[4][5][6]

The species name amblyonyx derives from the two ancient greek words ἀμβλύς (amblús), meaning "blunt, not sharp", and ὄνυξ (ónux), meaning "claw, fingernail".[4][5]

Distribution and habitat edit

This species is native to South America, where its range includes southeastern Brazil, eastern Paraguay and northeastern Argentina. Typical habitat is moist forests near water with dense understorey of bamboos. It is particularly associated with the giant bamboo Guadua angustifolia, which forms thickets.[7]

Ecology edit

The Atlantic bamboo rat is nocturnal and is highly arboreal, scrambling around in trees and bamboos, especially near water. The home range is about 1,000 m2 (1,200 sq yd). When alarmed it issues loud squeals.[3] It probably feeds on grasses, leaves, shoots, fruits and tubers.[8]

Phylogeny edit

Kannabateomys is a member of the Echimyini clade of arboreal Echimyidae rodents. Its closest relatives are Dactylomys and Olallamys. These South American bamboo rats share unique features and are grouped under the informal clade name of "Dactylomyines".[9] The dactylomyines are the sister genera to Diplomys and Santamartamys. All these taxa are closely related to the genera Echimys, Phyllomys, Makalata, Pattonomys, and Toromys. In turn, these genera share phylogenetic affinities with the clade containing Lonchothrix and Mesomys, and with Isothrix.[10]

Genus-level cladogram of the Echimyini.
Echimyini 
         

  Isothrix

  "Eumysopines"  
         
         
         
         

  Pattonomys

  Toromys
  (Giant tree-rat)

         

  Makalata

The cladogram has been reconstructed from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA characters.[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][10]

Status edit

K. amblyonyx is not a common species. In the state of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil, for example, it has been recorded as having a density of just over four individuals per square kilometre. As a nocturnal animal it is seldom seen, but it has an extensive range and is presumed to have a large total population. In some places, such as in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil, it is threatened locally by forest clearance, but other specific threats have not been identified and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as "least concern".[1]

References edit

  1. ^ a b Catzeflis, F.; Patton J.; Percequillo, A.; Weksler, M. (2016). "Kannabateomys amblyonyx". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T10957A22205666. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T10957A22205666.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  2. ^ Woods, C.A.; Kilpatrick, C.W. (2005). "Genus Kannabateomys". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 1576. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  3. ^ a b Eisenberg, John F.; Redford, Kent H. (2000). Mammals of the Neotropics, Volume 3: Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil. University of Chicago Press. p. 481. ISBN 978-0-226-19542-1.
  4. ^ a b Bailly, Anatole (1981-01-01). Abrégé du dictionnaire grec français. Paris: Hachette. ISBN 978-2010035289. OCLC 461974285.
  5. ^ a b Bailly, Anatole. "Greek-french dictionary online". www.tabularium.be. Retrieved December 7, 2017.
  6. ^ Palmer, T. S. (1904). Details - Index generum mammalium: a list of the genera and families of mammals. - Biodiversity Heritage Library. Washington, Govt. Print. Off. p. 356. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.39809.
  7. ^ Londoño, X. 2000. Guadua. In E. J. Judziewicz, R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, T. S. Filgueiras & F. O. Zuloaga (eds.) Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): I. Subfamilies Anomochlooideae, Bambusoideae, Ehrhartoideae, and Pharoideae, Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 39: 58–62. Smithsonian Institution, Washington
  8. ^ Lord, Rexford D. (2007). Mammals of South America. JHU Press. p. 64. ISBN 978-0-8018-8494-8.
  9. ^ Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Patton, James L.; Leite, Yuri L. R. (2016). "Family Echimyidae (hutias, South American spiny-rats and coypu)". In Wilson, Don E.; Lacher, Thomas E. Jr; Mittermeier, Russell A. (eds.). Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol 6. Lagomorphs and Rodents I. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. pp. 552–641. ISBN 978-84-941892-3-4.
  10. ^ a b Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Upham, Nathan S.; Emmons, Louise H.; Justy, Fabienne; Leite, Yuri L. R.; Loss, Ana Carolina; Orlando, Ludovic; Tilak, Marie-Ka; Patterson, Bruce D.; Douzery, Emmanuel J. P. (2017-03-01). "Mitogenomic Phylogeny, Diversification, and Biogeography of South American Spiny Rats". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 34 (3): 613–633. doi:10.1093/molbev/msw261. ISSN 0737-4038. PMID 28025278.
  11. ^ Lara, Márcia C.; Patton, James L.; da Silva, Maria Nazareth F. (1996). "The Simultaneous Diversification of South American Echimyid Rodents (Hystricognathi) Based on Complete Cytochrome b Sequences". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 5 (2): 403–413. Bibcode:1996MolPE...5..403L. doi:10.1006/mpev.1996.0035. PMID 8728398.
  12. ^ Leite, Yuri L. R.; Patton, James L. (2002). "Evolution of South American spiny rats (Rodentia, Echimyidae): the star-phylogeny hypothesis revisited". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 25 (3): 455–464. Bibcode:2002MolPE..25..455L. doi:10.1016/s1055-7903(02)00279-8. PMID 12450750.
  13. ^ Galewski, Thomas; Mauffrey, Jean-François; Leite, Yuri L. R.; Patton, James L.; Douzery, Emmanuel J. P. (2005). "Ecomorphological diversification among South American spiny rats (Rodentia; Echimyidae): a phylogenetic and chronological approach". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 34 (3): 601–615. Bibcode:2005MolPE..34..601G. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.11.015. PMID 15683932.
  14. ^ Upham, Nathan S.; Patterson, Bruce D. (2012). "Diversification and biogeography of the Neotropical caviomorph lineage Octodontoidea (Rodentia: Hystricognathi)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 63 (2): 417–429. Bibcode:2012MolPE..63..417U. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.01.020. PMID 22327013.
  15. ^ Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Galewski, Thomas; Tilak, Marie-ka; Douzery, Emmanuel J. P. (2013-03-01). "Diversification of South American spiny rats (Echimyidae): a multigene phylogenetic approach". Zoologica Scripta. 42 (2): 117–134. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2012.00572.x. ISSN 1463-6409. S2CID 83639441.
  16. ^ Loss, Ana; Moura, Raquel T.; Leite, Yuri L. R. (2014). "Unexpected phylogenetic relationships of the painted tree rat Callistomys pictus (Rodentia: Echimyidae)" (PDF). Natureza on Line. 12: 132–136.
  17. ^ Fabre, Pierre-Henri; Vilstrup, Julia T.; Raghavan, Maanasa; Der Sarkissian, Clio; Willerslev, Eske; Douzery, Emmanuel J. P.; Orlando, Ludovic (2014-07-01). "Rodents of the Caribbean: origin and diversification of hutias unravelled by next-generation museomics". Biology Letters. 10 (7): 20140266. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2014.0266. ISSN 1744-9561. PMC 4126619. PMID 25115033.
  18. ^ Upham, Nathan S.; Patterson, Bruce D. (2015). "Evolution of Caviomorph rodents: a complete phylogeny and timetree for living genera". In Vassallo, Aldo Ivan; Antenucci, Daniel (eds.). Biology of caviomorph rodents: diversity and evolution. Buenos Aires: SAREM Series A, Mammalogical Research — Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos. pp. 63–120.

January 01, 1970
atlantic, bamboo, kannabateomys, amblyonyx, southern, bamboo, spiny, species, found, humid, tropical, forests, argentina, brazil, paraguay, only, member, genus, kannabateomys, temporal, range, pleistocene, recent, conservation, status, least, concern, iucn, sc. The Atlantic bamboo rat Kannabateomys amblyonyx or southern bamboo rat is a spiny rat species found in humid tropical forests in Argentina Brazil and Paraguay It is the only member of the genus Kannabateomys 2 Atlantic bamboo ratTemporal range Pleistocene to Recent Conservation status Least Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Mammalia Order Rodentia Family Echimyidae Subfamily Echimyinae Tribe Echimyini Genus KannabateomysJentink 1891 Species K amblyonyx Binomial name Kannabateomys amblyonyxWagner 1845 Subspecies K a amblyonyx Wagner 1845 K a pallidior Thomas 1903 Contents 1 Description 2 Etymology 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Ecology 5 Phylogeny 6 Status 7 ReferencesDescription editThe Atlantic bamboo rat can reach a head and body length of 25 cm 9 8 in with a tail of 32 cm 12 6 in Its weight is about 475 g 1 lb The pelage is the typical agouti brown to grey colour of many rodents grading to chestnut on the flanks The chin and underparts are white tinged with reddish brown The first 6 cm 2 4 in of the tail are well haired but the rest is sparsely haired There is a distinct tuft of hairs at the tip When fully grown this bamboo rat with its long tail is unlikely to be mistaken for any other species 3 Etymology editThe genus name Kannabateomys derives from the three ancient greek words kanna kanna meaning reed cane batew bateō meaning to mount and mῦs mus meaning mouse rat 4 5 6 The species name amblyonyx derives from the two ancient greek words ἀmblys amblus meaning blunt not sharp and ὄny3 onux meaning claw fingernail 4 5 Distribution and habitat editThis species is native to South America where its range includes southeastern Brazil eastern Paraguay and northeastern Argentina Typical habitat is moist forests near water with dense understorey of bamboos It is particularly associated with the giant bamboo Guadua angustifolia which forms thickets 7 Ecology editThe Atlantic bamboo rat is nocturnal and is highly arboreal scrambling around in trees and bamboos especially near water The home range is about 1 000 m2 1 200 sq yd When alarmed it issues loud squeals 3 It probably feeds on grasses leaves shoots fruits and tubers 8 Phylogeny editKannabateomys is a member of the Echimyini clade of arboreal Echimyidae rodents Its closest relatives are Dactylomys and Olallamys These South American bamboo rats share unique features and are grouped under the informal clade name of Dactylomyines 9 The dactylomyines are the sister genera to Diplomys and Santamartamys All these taxa are closely related to the genera Echimys Phyllomys Makalata Pattonomys and Toromys In turn these genera share phylogenetic affinities with the clade containing Lonchothrix and Mesomys and with Isothrix 10 Genus level cladogram of the Echimyini Echimyini Isothrix Eumysopines Lonchothrix Tuft tailed spiny tree rat Mesomys Pattonomys Toromys Giant tree rat Makalata Echimys Phyllomys Diplomys Santamartamys Red crested tree rat Dactylomyines Kannabateomys Atlantic bamboo rat Dactylomys Olallamys The cladogram has been reconstructed from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA characters 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 10 Status editK amblyonyx is not a common species In the state of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil for example it has been recorded as having a density of just over four individuals per square kilometre As a nocturnal animal it is seldom seen but it has an extensive range and is presumed to have a large total population In some places such as in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil it is threatened locally by forest clearance but other specific threats have not been identified and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as least concern 1 References edit a b Catzeflis F Patton J Percequillo A Weksler M 2016 Kannabateomys amblyonyx IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T10957A22205666 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2016 2 RLTS T10957A22205666 en Retrieved 11 November 2021 Woods C A Kilpatrick C W 2005 Genus Kannabateomys In Wilson D E Reeder D M eds Mammal Species of the World A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference 3rd ed Johns Hopkins University Press p 1576 ISBN 978 0 8018 8221 0 OCLC 62265494 a b Eisenberg John F Redford Kent H 2000 Mammals of the Neotropics Volume 3 Ecuador Bolivia Brazil University of Chicago Press p 481 ISBN 978 0 226 19542 1 a b Bailly Anatole 1981 01 01 Abrege du dictionnaire grec francais Paris Hachette ISBN 978 2010035289 OCLC 461974285 a b Bailly Anatole Greek french dictionary online www tabularium be Retrieved December 7 2017 Palmer T S 1904 Details Index generum mammalium a list of the genera and families of mammals Biodiversity Heritage Library Washington Govt Print Off p 356 doi 10 5962 bhl title 39809 Londono X 2000 Guadua In E J Judziewicz R J Soreng G Davidse P M Peterson T S Filgueiras amp F O Zuloaga eds Catalogue of New World Grasses Poaceae I Subfamilies Anomochlooideae Bambusoideae Ehrhartoideae and Pharoideae Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 39 58 62 Smithsonian Institution Washington Lord Rexford D 2007 Mammals of South America JHU Press p 64 ISBN 978 0 8018 8494 8 Fabre Pierre Henri Patton James L Leite Yuri L R 2016 Family Echimyidae hutias South American spiny rats and coypu In Wilson Don E Lacher Thomas E Jr Mittermeier Russell A eds Handbook of the Mammals of the World Vol 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I Barcelona Lynx Edicions pp 552 641 ISBN 978 84 941892 3 4 a b Fabre Pierre Henri Upham Nathan S Emmons Louise H Justy Fabienne Leite Yuri L R Loss Ana Carolina Orlando Ludovic Tilak Marie Ka Patterson Bruce D Douzery Emmanuel J P 2017 03 01 Mitogenomic Phylogeny Diversification and Biogeography of South American Spiny Rats Molecular Biology and Evolution 34 3 613 633 doi 10 1093 molbev msw261 ISSN 0737 4038 PMID 28025278 Lara Marcia C Patton James L da Silva Maria Nazareth F 1996 The Simultaneous Diversification of South American Echimyid Rodents Hystricognathi Based on Complete Cytochrome b Sequences Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 5 2 403 413 Bibcode 1996MolPE 5 403L doi 10 1006 mpev 1996 0035 PMID 8728398 Leite Yuri L R Patton James L 2002 Evolution of South American spiny rats Rodentia Echimyidae the star phylogeny hypothesis revisited Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 25 3 455 464 Bibcode 2002MolPE 25 455L doi 10 1016 s1055 7903 02 00279 8 PMID 12450750 Galewski Thomas Mauffrey Jean Francois Leite Yuri L R Patton James L Douzery Emmanuel J P 2005 Ecomorphological diversification among South American spiny rats Rodentia Echimyidae a phylogenetic and chronological approach Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 34 3 601 615 Bibcode 2005MolPE 34 601G doi 10 1016 j ympev 2004 11 015 PMID 15683932 Upham Nathan S Patterson Bruce D 2012 Diversification and biogeography of the Neotropical caviomorph lineage Octodontoidea Rodentia Hystricognathi Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 63 2 417 429 Bibcode 2012MolPE 63 417U doi 10 1016 j ympev 2012 01 020 PMID 22327013 Fabre Pierre Henri Galewski Thomas Tilak Marie ka Douzery Emmanuel J P 2013 03 01 Diversification of South American spiny rats Echimyidae a multigene phylogenetic approach Zoologica Scripta 42 2 117 134 doi 10 1111 j 1463 6409 2012 00572 x ISSN 1463 6409 S2CID 83639441 Loss Ana Moura Raquel T Leite Yuri L R 2014 Unexpected phylogenetic relationships of the painted tree rat Callistomys pictus Rodentia Echimyidae PDF Natureza on Line 12 132 136 Fabre Pierre Henri Vilstrup Julia T Raghavan Maanasa Der Sarkissian Clio Willerslev Eske Douzery Emmanuel J P Orlando Ludovic 2014 07 01 Rodents of the Caribbean origin and diversification of hutias unravelled by next generation museomics Biology Letters 10 7 20140266 doi 10 1098 rsbl 2014 0266 ISSN 1744 9561 PMC 4126619 PMID 25115033 Upham Nathan S Patterson Bruce D 2015 Evolution of Caviomorph rodents a complete phylogeny and timetree for living genera In Vassallo Aldo Ivan Antenucci Daniel eds Biology of caviomorph rodents diversity and evolution Buenos Aires SAREM Series A Mammalogical Research Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamiferos pp 63 120 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Atlantic bamboo rat amp oldid 1225063591, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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