The Kamov Ka-22 Vintokryl (rotor-wing, or literally, (air)screw-wing) (Cyrillic:Камов Ка-22 Винтокрыл) (NATO reporting name: Hoop) was a rotorcraft developed by Kamov for the Soviet Air Force. The experimental transport aircraft combined the capabilities of a helicopter for vertical take-off and landing with those of a fixed-wing aircraft for cruise. The Ka-22 carried a large payload, having a hold comparable in size to the Antonov An-12. Eight world records for altitude and speed were set by the Ka-22 in its class, none of which have since been broken.[1]
In order to increase the effective range of a helicopter, Kamov designer Vladimir Barshevsky drew up a design for a helicopter with wings and an aeroplane propulsive system. In 1954 a proposal was agreed to produce three Ka-22s. The programme was delayed and on 28 March 1956 prototypes 2 and 3 were cancelled. The Ka-22 first lifted from the ground on 17 June 1959, and made its first untethered flight on 15 August 1959. Serious control difficulties were encountered, leading to orders being postponed until the problems were solved, and in July 1960 an order was received to manufacture three more Ka-22s.
Design
The Ka-22 was in essence a fixed-wing aircraft with rotors fitted above the wing tips. An engine was mounted on each wing tip, with drive to both a four-bladed tractor propeller and a four-bladed main rotor. The original prototype was powered by 5,900shp Kuznetsov TV-2VK engines, although these were later replaced by the 5,500shp Soloviev D-25VK.[citation needed] The fuselage contained three-seat cockpit above the glazed nose and a main cargo area large enough to contain 80 seats or 16.5 tonnes of cargo. The entire nose could swing open to starboard for loading bulky items. In helicopter mode, the propeller drive was disconnected, and the flaps were lowered to 90 degrees. In fixed-wing mode, the lifting rotors were free to windmill, and the aircraft was controlled by the ailerons and tail surfaces. The twin-wheel landing gear was fixed.
Operational history
During its short operational history, a total of eight world records were set by the Ka-22, piloted by D.K. Yefremov and V.V. Gromov.[2] On 7 October 1961, with spats over the wheels and a fairing behind the cockpit, a class speed record was set at 356.3 km/h. The spats and fairing were then removed and on 24 November 1961 a payload of 16,485 kg was lifted to 2,557 m.
On 28 August 1962, while on an intermediate stop during a ferry flight to Moscow for acceptance testing, Ka-22 01-01 rolled to the left and crashed inverted, killing the entire crew. The cause was found to be the starboard rotor collective pitch control linkage, and further inspection found that two of the other three Ka-22s suffered from similar problems.[3] Subsequently, in order to improve stability and control, a complex differential autopilot was installed. This sensed attitude and angular accelerations, and fed into the control system.
On 12 August 1964, while involved in Soviet Air Force testing, 01-03 was destroyed. The aircraft entered an uncontrolled turn to the right, and in efforts to correct the Ka-22 pitched into a steep dive. The order was given to abandon the aircraft, and three of the crew survived, but Col S.G. Brovtsev, who was flying, and technician A.F. Rogov, were killed.[3]
After this, the Ka-22 was abandoned, with the Mil Mi-6 having already taken on the heavy helicopter role. Eventually the two surviving machines, 01-02 and 01-04, were scrapped. The Ka-22 was only seen once by western observers during the Cold War during an Aviation Day display in Moscow on 9 July 1961.[4]
Apostolo, Giorgio. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Helicopters. New York: Bonanza Books, 1984. ISBN0-517-439352.
January 07, 2023
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The Kamov Ka 22 Vintokryl rotor wing or literally air screw wing Cyrillic Kamov Ka 22 Vintokryl NATO reporting name Hoop was a rotorcraft developed by Kamov for the Soviet Air Force The experimental transport aircraft combined the capabilities of a helicopter for vertical take off and landing with those of a fixed wing aircraft for cruise The Ka 22 carried a large payload having a hold comparable in size to the Antonov An 12 Eight world records for altitude and speed were set by the Ka 22 in its class none of which have since been broken 1 Ka 22Role Transport GyrodyneNational origin Soviet UnionManufacturer KamovDesigner Vladimir BarshevskyFirst flight 15 August 1959Retired 12 August 1964Number built 4 Contents 1 Development 2 Design 3 Operational history 4 Specifications Ka 22 5 See also 6 References 6 1 Notes 6 2 BibliographyDevelopment EditIn order to increase the effective range of a helicopter Kamov designer Vladimir Barshevsky drew up a design for a helicopter with wings and an aeroplane propulsive system In 1954 a proposal was agreed to produce three Ka 22s The programme was delayed and on 28 March 1956 prototypes 2 and 3 were cancelled The Ka 22 first lifted from the ground on 17 June 1959 and made its first untethered flight on 15 August 1959 Serious control difficulties were encountered leading to orders being postponed until the problems were solved and in July 1960 an order was received to manufacture three more Ka 22s Design EditThe Ka 22 was in essence a fixed wing aircraft with rotors fitted above the wing tips An engine was mounted on each wing tip with drive to both a four bladed tractor propeller and a four bladed main rotor The original prototype was powered by 5 900shp Kuznetsov TV 2VK engines although these were later replaced by the 5 500shp Soloviev D 25VK citation needed The fuselage contained three seat cockpit above the glazed nose and a main cargo area large enough to contain 80 seats or 16 5 tonnes of cargo The entire nose could swing open to starboard for loading bulky items In helicopter mode the propeller drive was disconnected and the flaps were lowered to 90 degrees In fixed wing mode the lifting rotors were free to windmill and the aircraft was controlled by the ailerons and tail surfaces The twin wheel landing gear was fixed Operational history EditDuring its short operational history a total of eight world records were set by the Ka 22 piloted by D K Yefremov and V V Gromov 2 On 7 October 1961 with spats over the wheels and a fairing behind the cockpit a class speed record was set at 356 3 km h The spats and fairing were then removed and on 24 November 1961 a payload of 16 485 kg was lifted to 2 557 m On 28 August 1962 while on an intermediate stop during a ferry flight to Moscow for acceptance testing Ka 22 01 01 rolled to the left and crashed inverted killing the entire crew The cause was found to be the starboard rotor collective pitch control linkage and further inspection found that two of the other three Ka 22s suffered from similar problems 3 Subsequently in order to improve stability and control a complex differential autopilot was installed This sensed attitude and angular accelerations and fed into the control system On 12 August 1964 while involved in Soviet Air Force testing 01 03 was destroyed The aircraft entered an uncontrolled turn to the right and in efforts to correct the Ka 22 pitched into a steep dive The order was given to abandon the aircraft and three of the crew survived but Col S G Brovtsev who was flying and technician A F Rogov were killed 3 After this the Ka 22 was abandoned with the Mil Mi 6 having already taken on the heavy helicopter role Eventually the two surviving machines 01 02 and 01 04 were scrapped The Ka 22 was only seen once by western observers during the Cold War during an Aviation Day display in Moscow on 9 July 1961 4 Specifications Ka 22 Edit Kamov Ka 22 Data from 3 General characteristicsCapacity 100 passengers Length 27 m 88 ft 7 in Wingspan 22 5 m 73 ft 10 in fixed wing Wing area 105 m2 1 130 sq ft Empty weight 28 200 kg 62 170 lb Gross weight 35 500 kg 78 264 lb VTO Max takeoff weight 42 500 kg 93 696 lb STO Powerplant 2 Soloviev D 25VK turboshaft engines 4 045 kW 5 424 hp each Main rotor diameter 2 20 m 65 ft 7 in Main rotor area 795 2 m2 8 559 sq ft total Propellers 4 bladed Variable pitch propellersPerformance Maximum speed 375 km h 233 mph 202 kn Range 450 km 280 mi 240 nmi Service ceiling 5 500 m 18 000 ft See also EditAircraft of comparable role configuration and era Fairey Rotodyne Mil V 12Related lists List of military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the CISReferences Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kamov Ka 22 Notes Edit Helicopter Ka 22 Kamov Company Retrieved 5 June 2008 World Records Kamov Company Retrieved 5 June 2008 a b c Gordon Yefim Gunston Bill 2000 SovietX Planes Hinkley Midland ISBN 978 1 85780 099 9 Apostolo 1984 p 109 Bibliography Edit Apostolo Giorgio The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Helicopters New York Bonanza Books 1984 ISBN 0 517 439352 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kamov Ka 22 amp oldid 1067366106, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
