Jorge Miguel Lozano de Peralta y Varaes Maldonado de Mendoza y Olaya (Santafé, December 13, 1731-Cartagena de Indias, New Kingdom of Granada August 11, 1793), was a Colombian aristocrat, First Marquis of San Jorge de Bogotá , and eighth owner of the "mayorazgo" of the same name, a businessman and politician. descendant of Spanish and Creole elite. Served as mayor of Bogotá and is well known for being the richest man of Colombia during the 18th-century.[1]
Don
Jorge Miguel Lozano de Peralta
Marquis of San Jorge
Portrait of Jorge Miguel Lozano, by Joaquín Gutiérrez (Bogotá Museum of Colonial Art).
He was born on December 13, 1731 in Santafé. From a well-established bureaucratic colonial family from spanish origins, He inherited a large fortune, which he increased considerably through very successful business and real estate activities. By 1775, his possessions in the Santafé de Bogotá savanna covered around twenty thousand hectares, and in the city he owned nine houses and a tannery. He also traded in products from the New World and Castile, and acted as a moneylender. He had an outstanding political career in the viceregal administration: he was councilor of the Santafé council, ordinary mayor of Santafé, mayor of the Santa Hermandad, deputy of supplies of Santafé. He also held the position of Royal Ensign, responsible for carrying the royal standard at public events.
In 1767 he sent a List of Merits and Circumstances to the Council of the Indies in Spain, with the purpose of obtaining a noble title. Years later, in 1771, King Carlos III authorized Viceroy Pedro Messia de la Cerda to grant two titles of Castile to those who the Viceroy deemed met the requirements of nobility, rank and fortune to hold them. One of those chosen was Jorge Miguel Lozano, who received the title of Marquis of San Jorge de Bogotá.[2][3]
The newly elected Marquis was required to pay taxes to confirm his appointment, a requirement to which he opposed, since he considered that the title was a recognition by the monarch of his merits and services, and should not be conditioned on the payment of any compensation. The Marquis' position led the Royal Court to deprive him of the title and, given Lozano's decision to disobey the Court and continue using it, a fine was imposed on him.[4] In response, the Marquis sent the king two letters in which he not only protested the mistreatment to which he was being subjected, but also stated that the disorder and misery of the viceroyalty was due to the incompetence and corruption of the viceregal administration.[5]
Probably due to the tension caused by a recent uprising in the northeast of the viceroyalty in 1781 – the Comuneros insurrection – the Marquis' gesture was poorly received at court, and from Spain came the order to imprison Lozano de Peralta, who At the beginning of 1787 he had to leave Santafé under arrest. Although since 1790 he enjoyed freedom in Cartagena de Indias, he died on August 11, 1793 in said city, waiting for his situation to be resolved and thus be able to return to the capital of the viceroyalty.
He had several of his children, including José María Lozano, second Marquis of San Jorge and inhabitant of the house that today bears the name of said noble title.
^Phelan, John Leddy (2010-09-01). The People and the King: The Comunero Revolution in Colombia, 1781. Univ of Wisconsin Press. ISBN978-0-299-07293-3.
^Farnsworth-Alvear, Ann; Palacios, Marco; López, Ana María Gómez (2016-12-08). The Colombia Reader: History, Culture, Politics. Duke University Press. ISBN978-0-8223-7386-5.
^Boudon, Lawrence (2005-02-01). Humanities. University of Texas Press. ISBN978-0-292-70608-8.
^Israel, Jonathan Irvine; Israel, Jonathan (2013-01-17). Democratic Enlightenment: Philosophy, Revolution, and Human Rights 1750-1790. Oxford University Press. ISBN978-0-19-966809-0.
^Burkholder, Mark A. (2012-11-13). Spaniards in the Colonial Empire: Creoles vs. Peninsulars?. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN978-1-118-29207-5.
Bibliographyedit
Gutiérrez Ramos, Jairo (1993) 'The Marquis of San Jorge de Bogotá'. The House of the Marquis of San Jorge, Santafé de Bogotá. Collection of art and objects. Bogotá: Culture Promotion Fund.
External linksedit
Museo Arqueológico Casa del Marqués de San Jorge 2021-06-29 at the Wayback Machine
November 05, 2023
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Jorge Miguel Lozano de Peralta y Varaes Maldonado de Mendoza y Olaya Santafe December 13 1731 Cartagena de Indias New Kingdom of Granada August 11 1793 was a Colombian aristocrat First Marquis of San Jorge de Bogota and eighth owner of the mayorazgo of the same name a businessman and politician descendant of Spanish and Creole elite Served as mayor of Bogota and is well known for being the richest man of Colombia during the 18th century 1 DonJorge Miguel Lozano de PeraltaMarquis of San JorgePortrait of Jorge Miguel Lozano by Joaquin Gutierrez Bogota Museum of Colonial Art Alma materDel Rosario UniversityTitleMarquis of San Jorge of BogotaSuccessorJose Maria Lozano de Peralta Contents 1 Biography 2 References 3 Bibliography 4 External linksBiography editHe was born on December 13 1731 in Santafe From a well established bureaucratic colonial family from spanish origins He inherited a large fortune which he increased considerably through very successful business and real estate activities By 1775 his possessions in the Santafe de Bogota savanna covered around twenty thousand hectares and in the city he owned nine houses and a tannery He also traded in products from the New World and Castile and acted as a moneylender He had an outstanding political career in the viceregal administration he was councilor of the Santafe council ordinary mayor of Santafe mayor of the Santa Hermandad deputy of supplies of Santafe He also held the position of Royal Ensign responsible for carrying the royal standard at public events In 1767 he sent a List of Merits and Circumstances to the Council of the Indies in Spain with the purpose of obtaining a noble title Years later in 1771 King Carlos III authorized Viceroy Pedro Messia de la Cerda to grant two titles of Castile to those who the Viceroy deemed met the requirements of nobility rank and fortune to hold them One of those chosen was Jorge Miguel Lozano who received the title of Marquis of San Jorge de Bogota 2 3 The newly elected Marquis was required to pay taxes to confirm his appointment a requirement to which he opposed since he considered that the title was a recognition by the monarch of his merits and services and should not be conditioned on the payment of any compensation The Marquis position led the Royal Court to deprive him of the title and given Lozano s decision to disobey the Court and continue using it a fine was imposed on him 4 In response the Marquis sent the king two letters in which he not only protested the mistreatment to which he was being subjected but also stated that the disorder and misery of the viceroyalty was due to the incompetence and corruption of the viceregal administration 5 Probably due to the tension caused by a recent uprising in the northeast of the viceroyalty in 1781 the Comuneros insurrection the Marquis gesture was poorly received at court and from Spain came the order to imprison Lozano de Peralta who At the beginning of 1787 he had to leave Santafe under arrest Although since 1790 he enjoyed freedom in Cartagena de Indias he died on August 11 1793 in said city waiting for his situation to be resolved and thus be able to return to the capital of the viceroyalty He had several of his children including Jose Maria Lozano second Marquis of San Jorge and inhabitant of the house that today bears the name of said noble title Among his relatives are famous personalities of the time such as Jorge Tadeo Lozano son Antonio Ricaurte grandson Manuel de Bernardo Alvarez del Casal son in law Jose Maria Vergara y Lozano grandson Eustaquio Galavis y Hurtado References edit Phelan John Leddy 2010 09 01 The People and the King The Comunero Revolution in Colombia 1781 Univ of Wisconsin Press ISBN 978 0 299 07293 3 Farnsworth Alvear Ann Palacios Marco Lopez Ana Maria Gomez 2016 12 08 The Colombia Reader History Culture Politics Duke University Press ISBN 978 0 8223 7386 5 Boudon Lawrence 2005 02 01 Humanities University of Texas Press ISBN 978 0 292 70608 8 Israel Jonathan Irvine Israel Jonathan 2013 01 17 Democratic Enlightenment Philosophy Revolution and Human Rights 1750 1790 Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 966809 0 Burkholder Mark A 2012 11 13 Spaniards in the Colonial Empire Creoles vs Peninsulars John Wiley amp Sons ISBN 978 1 118 29207 5 Bibliography editGutierrez Ramos Jairo 1993 The Marquis of San Jorge de Bogota The House of the Marquis of San Jorge Santafe de Bogota Collection of art and objects Bogota Culture Promotion Fund External links editMuseo Arqueologico Casa del Marques de San Jorge Archived 2021 06 29 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jorge Miguel Lozano Marquis of San Jorge amp oldid 1183213377, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
