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Jones and Laughlin Steel Company

March 18, 2023

The Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation began as the American Iron Company, founded in 1852 by Bernard Lauth and Benjamin Franklin Jones, a few miles (c 4 km) south of Pittsburgh along the Monongahela River.[1] Lauth's interest was bought in 1854 by James Laughlin.[2] The first firm to bear the name of Jones and Laughlin was organized in 1861 and headquartered at Third & Ross in downtown Pittsburgh.[3][4]

Stack array of the Jones and Laughlin Pittsburgh Works on the south side of the Monongahela River, 1955.

History

Originally producing only iron, the enterprise began the production of steel in 1886. Over the ensuing 60 years, the company expanded its facilities and its operations along both sides of the Monongahela River on the South Side of Pittsburgh and along the Ohio River at Aliquippa. The Hot Metal Bridge across the Monongahela River was built to connect Eliza blast furnaces (making pig iron) on the Hazelwood side of the river with the open hearth furnaces (making steel) on the south side of the river. In 1905, a new plant was begun at Aliquippa, Pennsylvania. The company also owned coal mines in western Pennsylvania in its early days, including some reached by an incline in Pittsburgh's South Side which connected to the railroad over the bridge adjacent to the Hot Metal Bridge. Other mines were along the nearby Becks Run, also directly connected by railroad. The incline and mines were gone before 1900, but mining continued in Pennsylvania towns such as Vestaburg and elsewhere.

On January 9, 1907, an explosion at the Eliza Furnace plant in the Soho district of Pittsburgh killed 13.[5] The coroner found that workers had left the gang in the preceding few days, fearing for their safety.

The former Otis Steel company along the Cuyahoga River in Cleveland was purchased in 1942, and then in the mid-1960s a finishing plant was constructed in Hennepin, Illinois.[6]

Similar explosions to the 1907 incident took place in April and May 1942, the second one resulting in two fatalities.[7]

J & L Steel (known to its employees as simply "J & L", sometimes pronounced "jane ell") provided the most able competition to the Carnegie Steel Company in the vicinity of Pittsburgh. J & L also had subsidiary mills in other cities such as Los Angeles in the late 1940s. Ling-Temco-Vought, Inc. of Texas offered to purchase 63 percent of J & L Steel on May 10, 1968.[8] An agreement was reached on May 14, and the purchase was completed for approximately $428.5 million ($3.34 billion today) by June 1968.[9] It took full control of the company in 1974. As a result of the Steel Crisis and the 1973 Recession, the J & L mill in Los Angeles closed.

In 1978, J & L Steel (as a subsidiary of LTV) acquired Youngstown Sheet and Tube. In 1981, J & L Steel bought a stainless steel mill from McLouth Steel Products in Detroit, which was probably an attempt to try to get closer to the auto market.

By the 1980s the LTV Conglomerate began to go into decline. In 1984, J & L was merged with Republic Steel and the name of Jones and Laughlin completely disappeared.[10]

J&L Coal Incline

 
Hot Metal Bridge, formerly used by Jones and Laughlin to transport steel across the Monongahela River

The J&L Coal Incline was a 1,300-foot (400 m) incline in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania connecting a coal mine to the J&L iron making facility. It ran from Josephine Street, between South 29th street and South 30th Street on the lower end to Sumner Street on its upper end.[11] It was supplied with coal from the American Mine, opened in 1854.[12][13]

From hot strip to mixed-use development

Dismantling of the buildings which housed J & L Steel produced an upsurge of building on the tracts of land where the buildings had stood. By September 2005, numerous new structures had been erected on both sides of the Monongahela River. The Pittsburgh Technology Center now stands on the north side of the Monongahela River where the blast furnaces once stood and the SouthSide Works, a commercial and residential development, stands on the south side where milling operations occurred. The Hot Metal Bridge has been converted into a road bridge and a pedestrian/bike bridge (which forms part of the Great Allegheny Passage). On what was once Hazelwood Works of the J & L operations, another development, Hazelwood Green is now a 178-acre mixed-use riverfront redevelopment site. Hazelwood Green was purchased in 2002 by Almono LP and was officially opened to the public in April 2019 with the public dedication of new roads - Hazelwood Avenue and Blair Street extensions - through the site. Mill 19, the last remaining structure from the Hazelwood Plant, is being refurbished to serve as a mixed use development including a robotics lab run by Carnegie Mellon University.

Historic sites

Jones & Laughlin Steel Co. is a builder of record for a number of bridges and other structures that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[14][15]

Works include:

See also

References

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jones and Laughlin Steel Company, Pittsburgh.
  1. ^ . Time. No. April 13. 1936-04-13. Archived from the original on October 25, 2012. Retrieved 2008-08-09.
  2. ^ Ingham, John N (September 1983). Jones, Benjamin Franklin (book). ISBN 978-0-313-23908-3. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
  3. ^ "Executive Order 10340". Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum. Retrieved 3 February 2013.
  4. ^ "Jones-Laughlin Steel to be Reorganized" (PDF). The New York Times. 6 December 1922.
  5. ^ "Molten Steel Flood". Evening Express and Evening Mail (Sixth ed.). Cardiff (6067): 3. 10 January 1907.
  6. ^ . Time. 1965-07-09. Archived from the original on January 27, 2008. Retrieved 2010-05-07.
  7. ^ United States. Congress. House (1943). Hearings. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 4.
  8. ^ "American Stock Mart Hits Record". The Spokesman-Review. May 10, 1968. p. 10.
  9. ^ "Complaint, United States v. Ling-Temco-Vought, Inc". Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review. Retrieved 3 February 2013.
  10. ^ History of Republic Steel. https://republicsteel.com/about-us
  11. ^ "1916 Map of Pittsburgh (shows right of way, past the reservoir)". Retrieved 2011-04-22.
  12. ^ Wall, J. Sutton (1884). "VII mines on pool no. 1 American Mine". Report on the coal mines of the Monongahela river region from the... Vol. 40. p. 174.
  13. ^ Chance, Henry Martyn (1884). Report of Progress... p. 174. Retrieved 2008-09-08.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  15. ^ Highway Bridges in Nebraska MPS

Further reading

External links

  • Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation Photographs, 1864-1953 online collection MSP #33 from the Library & Archives, Senator John Heinz History Center
  • Finding aid to the Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation Historical Records at the Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh
  • Finding aid to the Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation Pittsburgh Works Earnings Records at the Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh
  • Finding aid to the Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation Records at the Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh
  • Finding aid to the Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation Pittsburgh Works Records at the Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh
  • Finding aid to the Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation Aliquippa Works Records at the Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh
  • Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. PA-48, "Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation, Pittsburgh Works, Morgan Billet Mill Engine, 550 feet north of East Carson Street, opposite South Twenty-seventh Street, Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, PA", 35 photos, 4 data pages

March 18, 2023
jones, laughlin, steel, company, jones, laughlin, steel, corporation, began, american, iron, company, founded, 1852, bernard, lauth, benjamin, franklin, jones, miles, south, pittsburgh, along, monongahela, river, lauth, interest, bought, 1854, james, laughlin,. The Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation began as the American Iron Company founded in 1852 by Bernard Lauth and Benjamin Franklin Jones a few miles c 4 km south of Pittsburgh along the Monongahela River 1 Lauth s interest was bought in 1854 by James Laughlin 2 The first firm to bear the name of Jones and Laughlin was organized in 1861 and headquartered at Third amp Ross in downtown Pittsburgh 3 4 source source source source source source Stack array of the Jones and Laughlin Pittsburgh Works on the south side of the Monongahela River 1955 Contents 1 History 1 1 J amp L Coal Incline 1 2 From hot strip to mixed use development 2 Historic sites 3 See also 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External linksHistory EditOriginally producing only iron the enterprise began the production of steel in 1886 Over the ensuing 60 years the company expanded its facilities and its operations along both sides of the Monongahela River on the South Side of Pittsburgh and along the Ohio River at Aliquippa The Hot Metal Bridge across the Monongahela River was built to connect Eliza blast furnaces making pig iron on the Hazelwood side of the river with the open hearth furnaces making steel on the south side of the river In 1905 a new plant was begun at Aliquippa Pennsylvania The company also owned coal mines in western Pennsylvania in its early days including some reached by an incline in Pittsburgh s South Side which connected to the railroad over the bridge adjacent to the Hot Metal Bridge Other mines were along the nearby Becks Run also directly connected by railroad The incline and mines were gone before 1900 but mining continued in Pennsylvania towns such as Vestaburg and elsewhere On January 9 1907 an explosion at the Eliza Furnace plant in the Soho district of Pittsburgh killed 13 5 The coroner found that workers had left the gang in the preceding few days fearing for their safety The former Otis Steel company along the Cuyahoga River in Cleveland was purchased in 1942 and then in the mid 1960s a finishing plant was constructed in Hennepin Illinois 6 Similar explosions to the 1907 incident took place in April and May 1942 the second one resulting in two fatalities 7 J amp L Steel known to its employees as simply J amp L sometimes pronounced jane ell provided the most able competition to the Carnegie Steel Company in the vicinity of Pittsburgh J amp L also had subsidiary mills in other cities such as Los Angeles in the late 1940s Ling Temco Vought Inc of Texas offered to purchase 63 percent of J amp L Steel on May 10 1968 8 An agreement was reached on May 14 and the purchase was completed for approximately 428 5 million 3 34 billion today by June 1968 9 It took full control of the company in 1974 As a result of the Steel Crisis and the 1973 Recession the J amp L mill in Los Angeles closed In 1978 J amp L Steel as a subsidiary of LTV acquired Youngstown Sheet and Tube In 1981 J amp L Steel bought a stainless steel mill from McLouth Steel Products in Detroit which was probably an attempt to try to get closer to the auto market By the 1980s the LTV Conglomerate began to go into decline In 1984 J amp L was merged with Republic Steel and the name of Jones and Laughlin completely disappeared 10 J amp L Coal Incline Edit Hot Metal Bridge formerly used by Jones and Laughlin to transport steel across the Monongahela River The J amp L Coal Incline was a 1 300 foot 400 m incline in Pittsburgh Pennsylvania connecting a coal mine to the J amp L iron making facility It ran from Josephine Street between South 29th street and South 30th Street on the lower end to Sumner Street on its upper end 11 It was supplied with coal from the American Mine opened in 1854 12 13 From hot strip to mixed use development Edit Dismantling of the buildings which housed J amp L Steel produced an upsurge of building on the tracts of land where the buildings had stood By September 2005 numerous new structures had been erected on both sides of the Monongahela River The Pittsburgh Technology Center now stands on the north side of the Monongahela River where the blast furnaces once stood and the SouthSide Works a commercial and residential development stands on the south side where milling operations occurred The Hot Metal Bridge has been converted into a road bridge and a pedestrian bike bridge which forms part of the Great Allegheny Passage On what was once Hazelwood Works of the J amp L operations another development Hazelwood Green is now a 178 acre mixed use riverfront redevelopment site Hazelwood Green was purchased in 2002 by Almono LP and was officially opened to the public in April 2019 with the public dedication of new roads Hazelwood Avenue and Blair Street extensions through the site Mill 19 the last remaining structure from the Hazelwood Plant is being refurbished to serve as a mixed use development including a robotics lab run by Carnegie Mellon University Historic sites EditJones amp Laughlin Steel Co is a builder of record for a number of bridges and other structures that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places 14 15 Works include Big Blue River Bridge Twp Rd over Big Blue R 1 mi SE of Surprise Surprise Nebraska Jones amp Laughlin Steel Co NRHP listed 14 Brewer Bridge Co Rd over the Niobrara R 14 7 mi E of Valentine Valentine Nebraska Jones amp Laughlin Steel Co NRHP listed 14 Hill Annex Mine off US 169 Calumet Minnesota Jones amp Laughlin Steel Co NRHP listed 14 Nine Bridges Bridge private rd over Middle Channel of the Platte R 3 9 mi N of Doniphan Doniphan Nebraska Jones amp Laughlin Steel Co NRHP listed 14 Prairie Dog Creek Bridge Twp Rd over Prairie Dog Cr 8 5 mi S and 1 mi W of Orleans Orleans Nebraska Jones amp Laughlin Steel Co NRHP listed 14 Southwest Fifth St Bridge SW Fifth St over Raccoon R Des Moines Iowa Jones amp Laughlin Steel Co Killmar NRHP listed 14 Turkey Creek Bridge Co Rd over Turkey Cr 2 mi W and 1 mi S of Ragan Ragan Nebraska Jones amp Laughlin Steel Co NRHP listed 14 See also EditNational Labor Relations Board v Jones amp Laughlin Steel Corporation Youngstown Sheet amp Tube Co v Sawyer Interstate 180 Illinois References Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jones and Laughlin Steel Company Pittsburgh Family s Fourth Time No April 13 1936 04 13 Archived from the original on October 25 2012 Retrieved 2008 08 09 Ingham John N September 1983 Jones Benjamin Franklin book ISBN 978 0 313 23908 3 Retrieved 2008 09 30 Executive Order 10340 Harry S Truman Presidential Library and Museum Retrieved 3 February 2013 Jones Laughlin Steel to be Reorganized PDF The New York Times 6 December 1922 Molten Steel Flood Evening Express and Evening Mail Sixth ed Cardiff 6067 3 10 January 1907 Boom Town 1965 Time 1965 07 09 Archived from the original on January 27 2008 Retrieved 2010 05 07 United States Congress House 1943 Hearings U S Government Printing Office p 4 American Stock Mart Hits Record The Spokesman Review May 10 1968 p 10 Complaint United States v Ling Temco Vought Inc Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review Retrieved 3 February 2013 History of Republic Steel https republicsteel com about us 1916 Map of Pittsburgh shows right of way past the reservoir Retrieved 2011 04 22 Wall J Sutton 1884 VII mines on pool no 1 American Mine Report on the coal mines of the Monongahela river region from the Vol 40 p 174 Chance Henry Martyn 1884 Report of Progress p 174 Retrieved 2008 09 08 a b c d e f g h National Register Information System National Register of Historic Places National Park Service July 9 2010 Highway Bridges in Nebraska MPSFurther reading EditWollman David H Inman Donald R 1999 Portraits in Steel An Illustrated History of Jones amp Laughlin Steel Corporation Kent Ohio Kent State University Press ISBN 978 0873386241 Vukmir Rade B The Mill 2016 Sewickley Pennsylvania Dichotomy Press ISBN 978 1944351014 Vukmir Rade B The Mill 1999 University Press of America Baltimore MD ISBN 978 0761814153 The Mill Revised Edition 2016 Dichotomy Pres Sewickley PA ISBN 978 1944351014 External links EditJones amp Laughlin Steel Corporation Photographs 1864 1953 online collection MSP 33 from the Library amp Archives Senator John Heinz History Center Finding aid to the Jones amp Laughlin Steel Corporation Historical Records at the Archives Service Center University of Pittsburgh Finding aid to the Jones amp Laughlin Steel Corporation Pittsburgh Works Earnings Records at the Archives Service Center University of Pittsburgh Finding aid to the Jones amp Laughlin Steel Corporation Records at the Archives Service Center University of Pittsburgh Finding aid to the Jones amp Laughlin Steel Corporation Pittsburgh Works Records at the Archives Service Center University of Pittsburgh Finding aid to the Jones amp Laughlin Steel Corporation Aliquippa Works Records at the Archives Service Center University of Pittsburgh Historic American Engineering Record HAER No PA 48 Jones amp Laughlin Steel Corporation Pittsburgh Works Morgan Billet Mill Engine 550 feet north of East Carson Street opposite South Twenty seventh Street Pittsburgh Allegheny County PA 35 photos 4 data pages Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Jones and Laughlin Steel Company amp oldid 1124695750, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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