John Gair

John Gair and the Turmoil Surrounding His Death

John Gair
Member of the Louisiana Senate
Personal details
Political party	Republican
Occupation	politician

The post-reconstruction era brought Louisiana lynching violence to full force in the early 1870s. During this era, John Gair as well as his sister became lynching targets.^[1] In 1875, John Gair was framed for a “poisoning attempt on a local planter.” He was allegedly kidnapped and shot; additionally, his sister was lynched to cover up the framing.^[2][3]

During the time when John Gair was a legislator for the state of Louisiana, he was seen as a primary threat in the eyes of White supremacists.^[4][2][5] Gair, a former enslaved carpenter, helped to write the Constitution of 1868. He was a very popular man among Blacks voters. His popularity led him to become the first Black candidate that Black voters voted for in the history of Louisiana. Gair became a monument for interracial politics.^[2][3]

Picayune, a major New Orleans newspaper, along with some prominent ex-rebels published a "fake news" article claiming that Black Americans were organizing a so-called “Black League” to commit violent acts against Whites.^[6] The violent acts involved the most common accusation against Blacks at the time: rape White women and kill White men.^[7][1] Many more articles were published after the initial making a variety of accusations. Many of these accusations had no basis or evidence to support the claims.^[8][3] They were meant to stir conflicts between the two races.

In July 1875, vigilantes ran John Gair, Robert Ray^[9] and T.M.J. Clark out of East Feliciana Parish.^[9][5] Like the vigilantes, another source believed that the “fake news”^[10] about the “Black League” were aimed at John Gair and other prominent Blacks in Louisiana.^[3][2] Their true intentions were not about common Black citizen but Gair, which they saw as a threat to Whites.^[3]

The White leaguers were afraid of their crimes coming out, so they planned a cover-up to cover their tracks.^[11] By accusing the John Gair, who has already left the parish, of poisoning a local, the local officials issued an arrest warrant.^[2][1] Before the arrest warrant was issued, an assassination attempt against Gair almost succeed.^[3] On the way back to the parish, Gair was allegedly kidnapped by masked vigilantes and killed.^[12] To cover-up their tracks, they also lynched Gair's sister-in-law to prevent her from testifying.^[3][2]

To further fabricate their “fake news,” the editor of an newspaper wrote that the person who was poisoned had died.^[8][3] Whether the public knew the whole truth, they celebrated the death of Gair and claimed it was justified because it was in front of a jury.^[2][12] Subsequently, eye-witnesses claimed that the person who was poisoned was seen in the streets. With the exception of the Louisianian, every newspaper outlet claimed that the “confession” and the lynching by the White League happened before the murder of Gair.^[3]

Mary T. Reiley wrote a poem about his murder.^[13]

See also

• African-American officeholders during and following the Reconstruction era

References

1. Sommerville, Diane Miller (1995). "The Rape Myth in the Old South Reconsidered". The Journal of Southern History. 61 (3): 481–518. doi:10.2307/2211870. ISSN 0022-4642. JSTOR 2211870.
2. "Perspective | The true danger of Trump and his media allies denying the election results". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved November 23, 2021.
3. Emma (December 9, 2016). ""Fake News" and White Supremacy in Louisiana". Delayed Mail. Retrieved November 23, 2021.
4. "Defining Extremism: A Glossary of White Supremacist Terms, Movements and Philosophies | ADL". www.adl.org.
5. Humanities, National Endowment for the (October 15, 1875). "The New Orleans bulletin. [volume] (New Orleans [La.]) 1874-1876, October 15, 1875, Image 1". The New Orleans Bulletin. ISSN 2381-540X. Retrieved November 24, 2021.
6. Vincent, Charles (September 1, 1976). "Louisiana's Black Legislators and Their Efforts To Pass a Blue Law During Reconstruction". Journal of Black Studies. 7 (1): 47–56. doi:10.1177/002193477600700104. ISSN 0021-9347. S2CID 143949628.
7. Sommerville, Diane Miller (1995). "The Rape Myth in the Old South Reconsidered". The Journal of Southern History. 61 (3): 481–518. doi:10.2307/2211870. JSTOR 2211870 – via JSTOR.
8. ""Fake News" and White Supremacy in Louisiana". December 9, 2016.
9. Humanities, National Endowment for the (February 12, 1870). "The Ouachita telegraph. [volume] (Monroe, La.) 1865-1889, February 12, 1870, Image 3" – via chroniclingamerica.loc.gov.
10. Desai, Shevon. "Research Guides: "Fake News," Lies and Propaganda: How to Sort Fact from Fiction: What is "Fake News"?". guides.lib.umich.edu.
11. Humanities, National Endowment for the (October 30, 1875). "The weekly Louisianian. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1872-1882, October 30, 1875, Image 2" – via chroniclingamerica.loc.gov.
12. Humanities, National Endowment for the (October 30, 1875). "The weekly Louisianian. [volume] (New Orleans, La.) 1872-1882, October 30, 1875, Image 2". The Weekly Louisianian. ISSN 2378-038X. Retrieved November 24, 2021.
13. Reiley, Mary Trimble (February 1, 1879). "Mary T. Reiley's Poems". Naar, Day, & Naar – via Google Books.