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Ittō-ryū

September 16, 2023

Ittō-ryū (一刀流), meaning "one-sword school", is the ancestor school of several Japanese Koryū kenjutsu styles, including Ono-ha, Mizoguchi-ha, Nakanishi-ha, Kogen, Hokushin, Itto Shoden and even Mugai Ryu.The style was developed by Itō Ittōsai Kagehisa.

Ono-ha Ittō-ryū Edit

Ono-ha Ittō-ryū (小野派一刀流) is the oldest of the many Ittō-ryū styles which descended from Ittōsai Kagehisa's original art. It continues to be one of the most influential of the traditional kenjutsu styles today, exerting a major influence, along with Hokushin branch, upon modern kendo's kata, tactics, and aesthetic.

Ono-ha was founded by Ittōsai's immediate successor, Mikogami Tenzen (also known as Ono Jiroemon Tadaaki, 1565–1628), from whence the name of the art is derived. Oral tradition indicates that Ittosai made Tadaaki fight a serious duel with another student, Zenki, in order to establish a successor to the style. Serving as an instructor to both the second and third shōguns, along with Yagyū Munenori of the rival school the Yagyū Shinkage-ryū, Tadaaki was able to continue to give his art wide exposure. It was said[by whom?] that Tadaaki was Munenori's superior in swordsmanship, but that his severe character led him to be the less favoured and respected of the two.

Known as a dueling style which focused upon the sword rather than a more multifaceted, multi-weapon, battlefield style, Ono developed a mock split-bamboo sword called a fukuro-shinai in order to reduce training injuries and allow more committed fighting practice.

From a technical standpoint this style consists of more than 150 techniques for both long and short swords. Kiri-otoshi, which translates simply as "cutting down", is still the defining technique, like that of its parent style. Characteristically, practitioners often feel that they have the ability to strike freely due to their technique of cutting down the center line during an opponent's cut in order to displace their attacker's sword and gain victory. The style adheres to a philosophy articulated in the phrase "itto sunawachi banto (一刀即万刀)" or "one sword gives rise to ten thousand swords," meaning that a thorough understanding of the fundamental technique of cutting will lead one to understand the myriad variations.

Although formally established as a system for unarmoured fighting, the techniques maintained an awareness of the demands and tactics of armoured fighting, making the techniques adaptable to such circumstances.

The transmission of the system passed out of the Ono family briefly and was maintained by the feudal lord Tsugaru Nobumasa. The second headmaster from this family taught Ono Tadakata, allowing the Ono family to continue preserving the line while the Tsugaru family continued their practice of the art, thereby having two families maintain the main line of the Ono-ha Ittō-ryū tradition thereafter. The Tsugaru family also taught the system to members of Yamaga family, and they worked together to preserve the line of their art.

Sasamori Junzo, a well known and high ranking kendo practitioner, succeeded the system as the 16th headmaster during the Taishō period, followed by his son, Sasamori Takemi as the 17th headmaster, and Yabuki Yuji as the 18th and current headmaster. Reigakudō (礼楽堂) is the name of his headquarters school, which was founded by Sasamori Junzo in Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.[1]

Mizoguchi-ha Ittō-ryū Edit

Mizoguchi-ha Ittō-ryū (溝口派一刀流) was founded by Mizoguchi Shingoemon Masakatsu, who was a student of the second headmaster of Ono-ha Ittō-ryū, Ono Jiroemon Tadatsune, before creating his own style, the Mizoguchi-ha.

Ito Masamori, a student of Mizoguchi's, visited the Aizu clan and taught Edamatsu Kimitada an incomplete version of the art. Ikegami Jozaemon Yasumichi, a student of Edamatsu, was sent by the daimyō (feudal lord) to study the sword methods to be found in Edo (present-day Tokyo). Combining methods learned there with the original teachings of Mizoguchi-ha Ittō-ryū, he created a distinct Aizu line of the Mizoguchi-ha school with many significant differences in technique. This is the line that survives today, as the original line has disappeared.

Watching a demonstration of the Mizoguchi-ha Ittō-ryū it easily distinguishable from its parent art, the Ono-ha Ittō-ryū, and the Nakanishi-ha and Itto Shoden Muto-ryū. The kata used in these styles bear a close resemblance to each other. The Mizoguchi-ha at times looks like an entirely different art rather than just a different branch of the Ittō school, although employing some similar tactics. Many of the kata seem more overtly instructive in their orientation, teaching tactics to the left and then to the right.

The curriculum consists of five long-sword and three short-sword techniques with omote (outside/surface) and ura (inner/more sophisticated) versions. Being a traditional school of the Aizu clan, which was based in Fukushima, it is currently maintained by the Fukushima prefecture and local kendo federations. There is also a group of practitioners in Kōbukan kendo club (Nakano, Tokyo) lead by Hiroshi Ozawa sensei[2] that regularly demonstrates Mizoguchi-ha Ittō-ryū at annual Kyoto Enbu Taikai.[3]

Although Takeda Sōkaku, the founder of Daitō-ryū, claimed to maintain the traditional teachings of the Aizu clan, according to his son, Tokimune, the core of his approach to the sword, although modified, was based upon the Ono-ha Ittō-ryū rather than Mizoguchi-ha.

Nakanishi-ha Ittō-ryū Edit

Nakanishi-ha Ittō-ryū (中西派一刀流) was founded by Nakanishi Chuta Tanesada who studied under either the 5th or 6th generation headmaster of Ono-ha Ittō-ryū, before establishing his own style. His son revolutionized practice by implementing the use of shinai, a bamboo mock sword, in conjunction with bōgu, a protective armor. (Shinai were already used in Shinkage-ryū, Nen-ryū, and Tatsumi-ryū by this time.) Using the equipment to allow swordsmen to practice techniques freely and engage in sporting matches, foreshadowing the rise of modern kendo, led to the rapid popularity of the Nakanishi branch of Ittō-ryū.

Stylistically the Nakanishi branch is said to more closely resemble its source, the Ono-ha Ittō-ryū, than do any other branches of the Ittō-ryū. The kata practiced on the surface appear to be identical in form but differ in such aspects as timing, breathing, and use of distance.

The Nakashima branch is marked by its wide stances and deliberate movements, which confer a feeling of power and dignity. This style, like the Ono-ha Ittō-ryū, employs the use of the heavily padded glove known as the "onigote," to allow forceful finishing strikes practiced as the denouement of each kata.

Many famous swordsmen have emerged from this ryū, some founding schools of their own. Some of the more prominent among them were:

  • Terada Gouemon (Founder of the Tenshin Ittō-ryū)
  • Shirai Toru (Successor to Terada)
  • Takayanagi Yoshimasa (Founder of the Takayanagi-ha Toda-ryū)
  • Asari Yoshinobu (Teacher to Yamaoka Tesshu)
  • Chiba Shūsaku (Founder of Hokushin Ittō-ryū)
  • Takano Sazaburo (A key developer of modern swordsmanship).

Takano, as a well known educator, was able to introduce swordsmanship into the public school system in Japan and was instrumental to the development of the Nihon Kendo Kata.

Kogen Ittō-ryū Edit

Kogen Ittō-ryū (甲源一刀流) was founded by Henmi Tashiro Yoshitoshi, a student of Sakurai Gosuke Nagamase, who in turn was an exponent of the Aizu branch of Mizoguchi-ha Ittō-ryū. The Henmi dojo still stands in Saitama Prefecture.

This is Ryūnosuke Tsukue's sword school in the 1966 historical drama The Sword of Doom (大菩薩峠). Tatsuya Nakadai played the part of Ryūnosuke in this film.

Hokushin Ittō-ryū Edit

Main article: Hokushin Ittō-ryū

Hokushin Ittō-ryū (北辰一刀流) was founded in the late Edo period (1820s) by Chiba Shūsaku Narimasa (1794–1856). He was one of the last masters who was called a Kensei (sword saint).

Ittō Shōden Mutō-ryū Edit

Main article: Itto Shoden Muto-ryu

Ittō Shōden Mutō-ryū (一刀正伝無刀流) was founded by Yamaoka Tetsutaro Takayuki, better known as Yamaoka Tesshū, an exponent of Ono-ha Ittō-ryū, Nakanishi-ha Ittō-ryū and Hokushin Ittō-ryū, in which he received a license of full transmission.

Tadanari-ha Ittō-ryū Edit

Tadanari-ha (Chuya-ha) Ittō-ryū (忠也派一刀流) was founded by Itō Tenzen Tadanari.

Tenshin Ittō-ryū Edit

Tenshin Ittō-ryū (天辰一刀流) was founded by Suzuki Naonoshin Akemitsu. He learned Yagyu-Shingan-ryu (柳生心眼流), Ono-ha Ittō-ryū (小野派一刀流) in Sendai-Han, and learned Hokushin Ittō-ryū (北辰一刀流) in Edo (1840). In 1857, he was appointed the kenjutsu teacher of the Sendai-han. Then, he founded Tenshin Ittō-ryū (天辰一刀流) from the 3 schools. The school still stands in Sendai, Miyagi.

References Edit

  1. ^ https://onohaittoryu.3.pro.tok2.com/index_en.html
  2. ^ Ozawa sensei demonstrating Mizoguchi -ha Ittō-ryū at China University of Technology in Taipei, Taiwan
  3. ^ 2016 Kyoto Enbu Taikai Match Schedule

Further reading Edit

  • De Lange, William 2012. Famous Samurai: Ono Tadaaki. Floating World Editions. ISBN 978-1-891640-68-1
  • Draeger, Donn. 1973. Classical Budo. The Martial Arts and Ways of Japan, 2. New York & Tokyo: Weatherhill. ISBN 0-8348-0234-1
  • Skoss, Diane (Editor). 1997. Koryu Bujutsu. Classical Warrior Traditions of Japan, volume 1. New Jersey, Koryu Books. ISBN 1-890536-04-0
  • Skoss, Diane (Editor). 2002. Keiko Shokon. Classical Warrior Traditions of Japan, volume 3. Koryu Books. ISBN 1-890536-06-7
  • Sugawara, Makoto (1988). Lives of Master Swordsmen. The East Publication. ISBN 4-915645-17-7.
  • Sasamori, Junzo. 1986. Ittô-ryû Gokui. Taiku Sports. ISBN 978-4-88458-270-8.
  • Sasamori, Junzo. 2023. Secrets of Ittô-ryû - Book One. Alkaid Research LLC. ISBN 979-8-9872421-0-0.
  • Sasamori, Takemi. 2016. Bushido and Christianity. Reigakudo Press. ISBN 978-1533476678.
  • Official website of the Ono-ha Ittô-ryû (Hombu-Dôjô Japan)
  • Official website of the Ono-ha Ittô-ryû (Branch Dôjô for the United States)
  • One on One with Sasamori Sensei (Ono-ha Itto Ryu) Part One
  • One on One with Sasamori Sensei (Ono-ha Itto Ryu) Part Two: Ono-ha Itto Ryu and True Perfection
  • One on One with Sasamori Sensei (Ono-ha Itto Ryu) Part Three: Teaching and Learning
  • Official website of the Hokushin Ittô-ryû Hyôhô (Hombu-Dôjô Japan)
  • Official website of the Hokushin Ittô-ryû Hyôhô (Hombu-Dôjô Europa)
  • Official website of the Hokushin Ittô-ryû Hyôhô (Dôkôkai Switzerland)

September 16, 2023
ittō, ryū, this, section, includes, list, references, related, reading, external, links, sources, remain, unclear, because, lacks, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, section, introducing, more, precise, citations, january, 2014, learn, when, remov. This section includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help to improve this section by introducing more precise citations January 2014 Learn how and when to remove this template message Ittō ryu 一刀流 meaning one sword school is the ancestor school of several Japanese Koryu kenjutsu styles including Ono ha Mizoguchi ha Nakanishi ha Kogen Hokushin Itto Shoden and even Mugai Ryu The style was developed by Itō Ittōsai Kagehisa Contents 1 Ono ha Ittō ryu 2 Mizoguchi ha Ittō ryu 3 Nakanishi ha Ittō ryu 4 Kogen Ittō ryu 5 Hokushin Ittō ryu 6 Ittō Shōden Mutō ryu 7 Tadanari ha Ittō ryu 8 Tenshin Ittō ryu 9 References 10 Further readingOno ha Ittō ryu EditOno ha Ittō ryu 小野派一刀流 is the oldest of the many Ittō ryu styles which descended from Ittōsai Kagehisa s original art It continues to be one of the most influential of the traditional kenjutsu styles today exerting a major influence along with Hokushin branch upon modern kendo s kata tactics and aesthetic Ono ha was founded by Ittōsai s immediate successor Mikogami Tenzen also known as Ono Jiroemon Tadaaki 1565 1628 from whence the name of the art is derived Oral tradition indicates that Ittosai made Tadaaki fight a serious duel with another student Zenki in order to establish a successor to the style Serving as an instructor to both the second and third shōguns along with Yagyu Munenori of the rival school the Yagyu Shinkage ryu Tadaaki was able to continue to give his art wide exposure It was said by whom that Tadaaki was Munenori s superior in swordsmanship but that his severe character led him to be the less favoured and respected of the two Known as a dueling style which focused upon the sword rather than a more multifaceted multi weapon battlefield style Ono developed a mock split bamboo sword called a fukuro shinai in order to reduce training injuries and allow more committed fighting practice From a technical standpoint this style consists of more than 150 techniques for both long and short swords Kiri otoshi which translates simply as cutting down is still the defining technique like that of its parent style Characteristically practitioners often feel that they have the ability to strike freely due to their technique of cutting down the center line during an opponent s cut in order to displace their attacker s sword and gain victory The style adheres to a philosophy articulated in the phrase itto sunawachi banto 一刀即万刀 or one sword gives rise to ten thousand swords meaning that a thorough understanding of the fundamental technique of cutting will lead one to understand the myriad variations Although formally established as a system for unarmoured fighting the techniques maintained an awareness of the demands and tactics of armoured fighting making the techniques adaptable to such circumstances The transmission of the system passed out of the Ono family briefly and was maintained by the feudal lord Tsugaru Nobumasa The second headmaster from this family taught Ono Tadakata allowing the Ono family to continue preserving the line while the Tsugaru family continued their practice of the art thereby having two families maintain the main line of the Ono ha Ittō ryu tradition thereafter The Tsugaru family also taught the system to members of Yamaga family and they worked together to preserve the line of their art Sasamori Junzo a well known and high ranking kendo practitioner succeeded the system as the 16th headmaster during the Taishō period followed by his son Sasamori Takemi as the 17th headmaster and Yabuki Yuji as the 18th and current headmaster Reigakudō 礼楽堂 is the name of his headquarters school which was founded by Sasamori Junzo in Setagaya Tokyo Japan 1 Mizoguchi ha Ittō ryu EditMizoguchi ha Ittō ryu 溝口派一刀流 was founded by Mizoguchi Shingoemon Masakatsu who was a student of the second headmaster of Ono ha Ittō ryu Ono Jiroemon Tadatsune before creating his own style the Mizoguchi ha Ito Masamori a student of Mizoguchi s visited the Aizu clan and taught Edamatsu Kimitada an incomplete version of the art Ikegami Jozaemon Yasumichi a student of Edamatsu was sent by the daimyō feudal lord to study the sword methods to be found in Edo present day Tokyo Combining methods learned there with the original teachings of Mizoguchi ha Ittō ryu he created a distinct Aizu line of the Mizoguchi ha school with many significant differences in technique This is the line that survives today as the original line has disappeared Watching a demonstration of the Mizoguchi ha Ittō ryu it easily distinguishable from its parent art the Ono ha Ittō ryu and the Nakanishi ha and Itto Shoden Muto ryu The kata used in these styles bear a close resemblance to each other The Mizoguchi ha at times looks like an entirely different art rather than just a different branch of the Ittō school although employing some similar tactics Many of the kata seem more overtly instructive in their orientation teaching tactics to the left and then to the right The curriculum consists of five long sword and three short sword techniques with omote outside surface and ura inner more sophisticated versions Being a traditional school of the Aizu clan which was based in Fukushima it is currently maintained by the Fukushima prefecture and local kendo federations There is also a group of practitioners in Kōbukan kendo club Nakano Tokyo lead by Hiroshi Ozawa sensei 2 that regularly demonstrates Mizoguchi ha Ittō ryu at annual Kyoto Enbu Taikai 3 Although Takeda Sōkaku the founder of Daitō ryu claimed to maintain the traditional teachings of the Aizu clan according to his son Tokimune the core of his approach to the sword although modified was based upon the Ono ha Ittō ryu rather than Mizoguchi ha Nakanishi ha Ittō ryu EditNakanishi ha Ittō ryu 中西派一刀流 was founded by Nakanishi Chuta Tanesada who studied under either the 5th or 6th generation headmaster of Ono ha Ittō ryu before establishing his own style His son revolutionized practice by implementing the use of shinai a bamboo mock sword in conjunction with bōgu a protective armor Shinai were already used in Shinkage ryu Nen ryu and Tatsumi ryu by this time Using the equipment to allow swordsmen to practice techniques freely and engage in sporting matches foreshadowing the rise of modern kendo led to the rapid popularity of the Nakanishi branch of Ittō ryu Stylistically the Nakanishi branch is said to more closely resemble its source the Ono ha Ittō ryu than do any other branches of the Ittō ryu The kata practiced on the surface appear to be identical in form but differ in such aspects as timing breathing and use of distance The Nakashima branch is marked by its wide stances and deliberate movements which confer a feeling of power and dignity This style like the Ono ha Ittō ryu employs the use of the heavily padded glove known as the onigote to allow forceful finishing strikes practiced as the denouement of each kata Many famous swordsmen have emerged from this ryu some founding schools of their own Some of the more prominent among them were Terada Gouemon Founder of the Tenshin Ittō ryu Shirai Toru Successor to Terada Takayanagi Yoshimasa Founder of the Takayanagi ha Toda ryu Asari Yoshinobu Teacher to Yamaoka Tesshu Chiba Shusaku Founder of Hokushin Ittō ryu Takano Sazaburo A key developer of modern swordsmanship Takano as a well known educator was able to introduce swordsmanship into the public school system in Japan and was instrumental to the development of the Nihon Kendo Kata Kogen Ittō ryu EditKogen Ittō ryu 甲源一刀流 was founded by Henmi Tashiro Yoshitoshi a student of Sakurai Gosuke Nagamase who in turn was an exponent of the Aizu branch of Mizoguchi ha Ittō ryu The Henmi dojo still stands in Saitama Prefecture This is Ryunosuke Tsukue s sword school in the 1966 historical drama The Sword of Doom 大菩薩峠 Tatsuya Nakadai played the part of Ryunosuke in this film Hokushin Ittō ryu EditMain article Hokushin Ittō ryu Hokushin Ittō ryu 北辰一刀流 was founded in the late Edo period 1820s by Chiba Shusaku Narimasa 1794 1856 He was one of the last masters who was called a Kensei sword saint Ittō Shōden Mutō ryu EditMain article Itto Shoden Muto ryu Ittō Shōden Mutō ryu 一刀正伝無刀流 was founded by Yamaoka Tetsutaro Takayuki better known as Yamaoka Tesshu an exponent of Ono ha Ittō ryu Nakanishi ha Ittō ryu and Hokushin Ittō ryu in which he received a license of full transmission Tadanari ha Ittō ryu EditTadanari ha Chuya ha Ittō ryu 忠也派一刀流 was founded by Itō Tenzen Tadanari Tenshin Ittō ryu EditTenshin Ittō ryu 天辰一刀流 was founded by Suzuki Naonoshin Akemitsu He learned Yagyu Shingan ryu 柳生心眼流 Ono ha Ittō ryu 小野派一刀流 in Sendai Han and learned Hokushin Ittō ryu 北辰一刀流 in Edo 1840 In 1857 he was appointed the kenjutsu teacher of the Sendai han Then he founded Tenshin Ittō ryu 天辰一刀流 from the 3 schools The school still stands in Sendai Miyagi References Edit https onohaittoryu 3 pro tok2 com index en html Ozawa sensei demonstrating Mizoguchi ha Ittō ryu at China University of Technology in Taipei Taiwan 2016 Kyoto Enbu Taikai Match ScheduleFurther reading EditDe Lange William 2012 Famous Samurai Ono Tadaaki Floating World Editions ISBN 978 1 891640 68 1 Draeger Donn 1973 Classical Budo The Martial Arts and Ways of Japan 2 New York amp Tokyo Weatherhill ISBN 0 8348 0234 1 Skoss Diane Editor 1997 Koryu Bujutsu Classical Warrior Traditions of Japan volume 1 New Jersey Koryu Books ISBN 1 890536 04 0 Skoss Diane Editor 2002 Keiko Shokon Classical Warrior Traditions of Japan volume 3 Koryu Books ISBN 1 890536 06 7 Sugawara Makoto 1988 Lives of Master Swordsmen The East Publication ISBN 4 915645 17 7 Sasamori Junzo 1986 Itto ryu Gokui Taiku Sports ISBN 978 4 88458 270 8 Sasamori Junzo 2023 Secrets of Itto ryu Book One Alkaid Research LLC ISBN 979 8 9872421 0 0 Sasamori Takemi 2016 Bushido and Christianity Reigakudo Press ISBN 978 1533476678 Official website of the Ono ha Itto ryu Hombu Dojo Japan Official website of the Ono ha Itto ryu Branch Dojo for the United States One on One with Sasamori Sensei Ono ha Itto Ryu Part One One on One with Sasamori Sensei Ono ha Itto Ryu Part Two Ono ha Itto Ryu and True Perfection One on One with Sasamori Sensei Ono ha Itto Ryu Part Three Teaching and Learning Official website of the Hokushin Itto ryu Hyoho Hombu Dojo Japan Official website of the Hokushin Itto ryu Hyoho Hombu Dojo Europa Official website of the Hokushin Itto ryu Hyoho Dokokai Switzerland Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ittō ryu amp oldid 1172922651, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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