The Iqlim al-Kharrub is a historical and socio-cultural region in the western part of the Chouf District. Its territory is traditionally defined as the area between the Awali River in the south and the Damour River in the north. It extends from the Mediterranean Sea coast eastward into the Chouf mountains. Its approximate territory is 167 square kilometers (64 sq mi).[1] There are 37 villages in the region, of which 25 are municipalities.[2]
EtymologyEdit
The name Iqlim al-Kharrub means region of the carob.
Most of Iqlim al-Kharrub's population is Sunni Muslim and most Sunnis in the Chouf reside in the region. Unlike the rest of the Chouf where Druze form the demographic majority, there is no Druze population centers in the Iqlim al-Kharrub. The region's large villages are all Sunni majority, including Barja.[a] Shia Muslims make up the majority of the small villages of Jiyyeh, Joun and Wardaniyeh.[4]
The Maronite Christian population of the region, which is mostly resident in eleven small villages,[b] has mostly diminished. This is largely due to two mass displacements during the Lebanese Civil War, the first in the wake of the Damour massacre by the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and allied Lebanese National Movement (LNM) militias on January 10, 1976, and the second in the Mountain War in 1983–1984 when the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF), Christian Tigers Militia and Lebanese Forces militias, respectively, were routed by the mainly Druze fighters of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) led by Walid Jumblatt.[4] Christian–Druze antagonism has persisted in the Chouf since the end of the civil war in 1991 and Christians have not returned in significant numbers despite processes of reconciliation and compensation overseen by the Jumblatts and the Maronite Patriarch. Sectarian tensions though were not as high between Christians and Muslims in the Iqlim al-Kharrub.[5]
Palestinian refugees present in the area since the 1948 Arab-Israeli war have substantially integrated with the Lebanese population, in contrast to elsewhere in Lebanon. There has also been an influx of Syrian refugees fleeing the Syrian Civil War. Many Lebanese in the Iqlim al-Kharrub moved to the area during and after the civil war in search for a lower cost of living, especially compared to housing prices in the capital Beirut.[6]
EconomyEdit
The Iqlim al-Kharrub connects Beirut in the north with Sidon in the south. The main source of income is wage employment in the public sector, followed by employment in manufacturing and the tourism sector.[7]
Abu-Husayn, Abdul-Rahim (November 1992). "Problems in the Ottoman Administration in Syria during the 16th and 17th Centuries: The Case of the Sanjak of Sidon-Beirut". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 24 (4): 665–675.
Al-Masri, Muzna; Abla, Zeina (November 2017). "An Urban Suburb with the Capacities of a Village: The Social Stability Context in the Coastal Chouf Area". UNDP.
August 29, 2023
iqlim, kharrub, geographic, region, western, part, chouf, district, inhabitants, mostly, sunni, muslims, contents, geographic, definition, etymology, history, demography, economy, also, notes, references, bibliographygeographic, definition, editthe, historical. Iqlim al Kharrub is a geographic region in the western part of the Chouf District Its inhabitants are mostly Sunni Muslims Contents 1 Geographic definition 2 Etymology 3 History 4 Demography 5 Economy 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 BibliographyGeographic definition EditThe Iqlim al Kharrub is a historical and socio cultural region in the western part of the Chouf District Its territory is traditionally defined as the area between the Awali River in the south and the Damour River in the north It extends from the Mediterranean Sea coast eastward into the Chouf mountains Its approximate territory is 167 square kilometers 64 sq mi 1 There are 37 villages in the region of which 25 are municipalities 2 Etymology EditThe name Iqlim al Kharrub means region of the carob History EditThe Iqlim al Kharrub was a nahiye subdistrict of the Sidon Beirut Sanjak during Ottoman rule 3 Demography EditMost of Iqlim al Kharrub s population is Sunni Muslim and most Sunnis in the Chouf reside in the region Unlike the rest of the Chouf where Druze form the demographic majority there is no Druze population centers in the Iqlim al Kharrub The region s large villages are all Sunni majority including Barja a Shia Muslims make up the majority of the small villages of Jiyyeh Joun and Wardaniyeh 4 The Maronite Christian population of the region which is mostly resident in eleven small villages b has mostly diminished This is largely due to two mass displacements during the Lebanese Civil War the first in the wake of the Damour massacre by the Palestine Liberation Organization PLO and allied Lebanese National Movement LNM militias on January 10 1976 and the second in the Mountain War in 1983 1984 when the Lebanese Armed Forces LAF Christian Tigers Militia and Lebanese Forces militias respectively were routed by the mainly Druze fighters of the People s Liberation Army PLA led by Walid Jumblatt 4 Christian Druze antagonism has persisted in the Chouf since the end of the civil war in 1991 and Christians have not returned in significant numbers despite processes of reconciliation and compensation overseen by the Jumblatts and the Maronite Patriarch Sectarian tensions though were not as high between Christians and Muslims in the Iqlim al Kharrub 5 Palestinian refugees present in the area since the 1948 Arab Israeli war have substantially integrated with the Lebanese population in contrast to elsewhere in Lebanon There has also been an influx of Syrian refugees fleeing the Syrian Civil War Many Lebanese in the Iqlim al Kharrub moved to the area during and after the civil war in search for a lower cost of living especially compared to housing prices in the capital Beirut 6 Economy EditThe Iqlim al Kharrub connects Beirut in the north with Sidon in the south The main source of income is wage employment in the public sector followed by employment in manufacturing and the tourism sector 7 See also EditLebanese Civil War Mountain War Lebanon Notes Edit The mainly Sunni Muslim villages of Iqlim al Kharrub are Anout Baasir Barja Bsaba Chhime Dalhoun Daraya Mazboud Mghayireh and Siblin 4 The mainly Christian villages of Iqlim al Kharrub are Alman Alman al Chouf Dibbiyeh Jadra Rmeileh Jahlieh Dahr El Maghara Majdalouna and Mazmoura 4 References Edit Al Masri amp Abla 2017 pp 6 7 Al Masri amp Abla 2017 p 7 Abu Husayn 1992 p 666 a b c d Al Masri amp Abla 2017 p 9 Al Masri amp Abla 2017 p 10 Al Masri amp Abla 2017 p 8 Al Masri amp Abla 2017 p 4 Bibliography EditAbu Husayn Abdul Rahim November 1992 Problems in the Ottoman Administration in Syria during the 16th and 17th Centuries The Case of the Sanjak of Sidon Beirut International Journal of Middle East Studies 24 4 665 675 Al Masri Muzna Abla Zeina November 2017 An Urban Suburb with the Capacities of a Village The Social Stability Context in the Coastal Chouf Area UNDP Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Iqlim al Kharrub amp oldid 1146523736, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
