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International Organisation of Good Templars

April 06, 2024

The International Organisation of Good Templars (IOGT; founded as the Independent Order of Good Templars), whose international body is known as Movendi International, is a fraternal organization which is part of the temperance movement, promoting abstinence from alcohol and other drugs.

IOGT membership certificate, Michigan, 1868[1]

It describes itself as "the premier global interlocutor for evidence-based policy measures and community-based interventions to prevent and reduce harm caused by alcohol and other drugs". It claims to be the largest worldwide community of non-governmental organisations with a mission to independently enlighten people around the world on a lifestyle free from alcohol and other drugs.

Founded in 1851, IOGT International works to promote the avoidance of alcohol and other drugs by supporting communities and societies around the world. Its constitution say this will lead to the liberation of peoples of the world, this leading to a richer, freer and more rewarding life.[2] The headquarters of IOGT International is in Stockholm.

History edit

The IOGT originated as one of a number of fraternal organizations for temperance or total abstinence founded in the 19th century and with a structure modeled on Freemasonry, using similar ritual and regalia. Unlike many, however, it admitted men and women equally, and also made no distinction by race.[3]

The IOGT named themselves after the Knights Templar, citing the legend that the original knights "drank sour milk, and also because they were fighting 'a great crusade' against 'this terrible vice' of alcohol."[4]

In 1850, in Utica, New York, Daniel Cady founded one such organization, the Knights of Jericho. In 1851, a lodge of it in Oriskany Falls (then known as Castor Hollow), a village near Utica, was visited by 13 members of another Utica group. Under the leadership of Wesley Bailey, it was decided that these two lodges form the Order of Good Templars. The motto of the renamed organization was "Friendship, Hope and Charity".

Over the next year, 14 additional lodges were established. By the summer of 1852, a convention was called in Utica to establish a Grand Lodge. During this, a dispute broke out between Wesley Bailey and Leverett Coon, who had established a lodge, Excelsior, in Syracuse. Coon left the meeting and his lodge supported his actions by seceding as the Independent Order of Good Templars, with the motto altered to "Faith, Hope and Charity". They shortly merged back, the resulting group continuing under the name Independent Order of Good Templars.

 
Small assembly building of the IOGT lodge in Vågå, Norway. Built 1908.

The Order first grew rapidly in the United States and in Canada. In 1868, Joseph Malins returned to his native England and established a Birmingham lodge, from which IOGT spread to Europe and the rest of the world. Within three years the Order spread to Ireland, Wales, Australia, Malta, New Zealand, France, Portugal, South Africa, Bermuda, Belgium and East India. By 1876, it had established itself in Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Madras, British Honduras, British Guyana, Jamaica, Malacca, China, Japan, Sierra Leone, St. Helena, Argentina, Trinidad, Grenada and the Bahamas. This was followed by lodges in Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland, Switzerland, Germany and Jerusalem.

From 1900 onward, further groups were set up in the Netherlands, Burma, Nigeria and Panama.[5] In 1906, reflecting the International reach of the organisation the word "Independent" in its title, was replaced by "International".[6]

From its inception, the Independent Order of Good Templars "campaigned for prohibition, strove to provide social facilities that served non-alcoholic beverages, promoted education and self-help, and supported decent working conditions for working people."[4]

In an attempt to modernize its image the IOGT changed some of its titles and ritualistic features in the 1970s, the use of regalia and rituals began to diminish or were eliminated. In 1970, instead of "Order", the group became the International Organisation of Good Templars. The title of "Chief Templar" was changed to "President" and local units were given the option of calling themselves "Chapters" rather than "Lodges". Instead of three degrees, only one, the Justice degree, was worked by 1979, and the ritual is no longer secret.[7]

Membership edit

In 1875, after the American Civil War, the American senior body voted to allow separate lodges and Grand Lodges for white and black members, to accommodate the practice of racial segregation in southern US states. In 1876, Malins and other British members failed in achieving an amendment to stop this, and left to establish a separate international body. In 1887 this and the American body were reconciled into a single IOGT.

Women were admitted as regular members early in the history of the Good Templar. In 1979, there were 700,000 members internationally, though only 2,000 in the country of the IOGTs origin, the United States.[8]

Juvenile Templars edit

In the mid 1870s, Juvenile Templars, or Cold Water Temples (C.W.T), were established. An 1874 Journal of Proceedings report provided information that Cold Water Temples, or organizations very similar to them, existed in 24 Grand Lodge jurisdictions in Alabama, Canada, California, Colorado, Connecticut, England, Georgia, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Scotland, South Carolina, Texas, Vermont, Wisconsin, and Wales. A similar organization existed in Australia and Ireland. The children's organization in all of the British Grand Lodge jurisdictions—under the name of Juvenile Temples—was very similar to the C.W.T. It was worked successfully, but independently of R. W. G. L. In Alabama, Colorado, Connecticut, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Nova Scotia, Ohio, South Carolina, Texas, and Vermont, it had not much more than a nominal existence.[9]

In 1873, Martha B. O'Donnell was appointed Convener of a Committee on Juvenile Work and elected Chief Superintendent of Juvenile Templars, holding this position until 1878, when she declined re-election.[10][11]

From 1990 to 2017, in Europe, it had a youth division, "ACTIVE – sobriety, friendship, peace". Since then, youth organizations being member of IOGT International, form the group "IOGT Youth".

Notable people edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Vignette (top): The parable of the Good Samaritan. Vignettes (clockwise from bottom): "First drink - social. Second drink at a bar. Drinking & gambling. Goes home drunk to young wife. Pawns his clothes. Poverty & delirium. Recovery - signs the pledge. Prosperity & happy home."
  2. ^ "IOGT International Constitution" (PDF). Retrieved 27 March 2018.
  3. ^ Schwalm, Leslie A. (15 July 2009). Emancipation's Diaspora: Race and Reconstruction in the Upper Midwest. Univ of North Carolina Press. p. 171. ISBN 9780807894125. Retrieved 17 May 2018.
  4. ^ a b Nicholson, Helen (2014). A Brief History of the Knights Templar. Little, Brown. p. 151. ISBN 9781472117878.
  5. ^ History of IOGT, Derek Rutherford, National Council, USA
  6. ^ "Records of the International Order of Good Templars: Grand Lodge of Scotland, temperance organisation, Glasgow, Scotland - Archives Hub".
  7. ^ Schmidt, Alvin J. Fraternal Organizations Westport, CT; Greenwood Press pp.147-8
  8. ^ Schmidt p.147
  9. ^ Williams, W. S. (1874). Journal of Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Session, of the Right W. Grand Lodge, held at Boston, Mass., U. S., May 26, 27, 28, 29 and 30, 1874. Napanee, Ontario, Canada: International Order of Good Templars International Supreme Lodge. pp. 10–13. Retrieved 20 July 2022.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  10. ^ "Our international album". The International Good Templar. Vol. 20, no. 8. B.F. Parker. August 1916. p. 150. Retrieved 2 January 2024.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  11. ^ Willard, Frances Elizabeth; Livermore, Mary Ashton Rice (1893). "O'DONNELL, Mrs. Martha B.". A Woman of the Century: Fourteen Hundred-seventy Biographical Sketches Accompanied by Portraits of Leading American Women in All Walks of Life. Charles Wells Moulton. p. 544.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

Further reading edit

  • David M. Fahey, "How the Good Templars Began: Fraternal Temperance in New York State", Social History of Alcohol Review, Nos. 38-39 (1999)
  • David M. Fahey, "Temperance & Racism: John Bull, Johnny Reb, and the Good Templars" (University Press of Kentucky, 1996).

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to International Organisation of Good Templars.
  • Official IOGT website

April 06, 2024
international, organisation, good, templars, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources International Organisation of Good Templars news newspapers books scholar JSTOR February 2008 Learn how and when to remove this template message The International Organisation of Good Templars IOGT founded as the Independent Order of Good Templars whose international body is known as Movendi International is a fraternal organization which is part of the temperance movement promoting abstinence from alcohol and other drugs IOGT membership certificate Michigan 1868 1 It describes itself as the premier global interlocutor for evidence based policy measures and community based interventions to prevent and reduce harm caused by alcohol and other drugs It claims to be the largest worldwide community of non governmental organisations with a mission to independently enlighten people around the world on a lifestyle free from alcohol and other drugs Founded in 1851 IOGT International works to promote the avoidance of alcohol and other drugs by supporting communities and societies around the world Its constitution say this will lead to the liberation of peoples of the world this leading to a richer freer and more rewarding life 2 The headquarters of IOGT International is in Stockholm Contents 1 History 2 Membership 3 Juvenile Templars 4 Notable people 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksHistory editThe IOGT originated as one of a number of fraternal organizations for temperance or total abstinence founded in the 19th century and with a structure modeled on Freemasonry using similar ritual and regalia Unlike many however it admitted men and women equally and also made no distinction by race 3 The IOGT named themselves after the Knights Templar citing the legend that the original knights drank sour milk and also because they were fighting a great crusade against this terrible vice of alcohol 4 In 1850 in Utica New York Daniel Cady founded one such organization the Knights of Jericho In 1851 a lodge of it in Oriskany Falls then known as Castor Hollow a village near Utica was visited by 13 members of another Utica group Under the leadership of Wesley Bailey it was decided that these two lodges form the Order of Good Templars The motto of the renamed organization was Friendship Hope and Charity Over the next year 14 additional lodges were established By the summer of 1852 a convention was called in Utica to establish a Grand Lodge During this a dispute broke out between Wesley Bailey and Leverett Coon who had established a lodge Excelsior in Syracuse Coon left the meeting and his lodge supported his actions by seceding as the Independent Order of Good Templars with the motto altered to Faith Hope and Charity They shortly merged back the resulting group continuing under the name Independent Order of Good Templars nbsp Small assembly building of the IOGT lodge in Vaga Norway Built 1908 The Order first grew rapidly in the United States and in Canada In 1868 Joseph Malins returned to his native England and established a Birmingham lodge from which IOGT spread to Europe and the rest of the world Within three years the Order spread to Ireland Wales Australia Malta New Zealand France Portugal South Africa Bermuda Belgium and East India By 1876 it had established itself in Ceylon Sri Lanka Madras British Honduras British Guyana Jamaica Malacca China Japan Sierra Leone St Helena Argentina Trinidad Grenada and the Bahamas This was followed by lodges in Norway Sweden Denmark Iceland Switzerland Germany and Jerusalem From 1900 onward further groups were set up in the Netherlands Burma Nigeria and Panama 5 In 1906 reflecting the International reach of the organisation the word Independent in its title was replaced by International 6 From its inception the Independent Order of Good Templars campaigned for prohibition strove to provide social facilities that served non alcoholic beverages promoted education and self help and supported decent working conditions for working people 4 In an attempt to modernize its image the IOGT changed some of its titles and ritualistic features in the 1970s the use of regalia and rituals began to diminish or were eliminated In 1970 instead of Order the group became the International Organisation of Good Templars The title of Chief Templar was changed to President and local units were given the option of calling themselves Chapters rather than Lodges Instead of three degrees only one the Justice degree was worked by 1979 and the ritual is no longer secret 7 Membership editIn 1875 after the American Civil War the American senior body voted to allow separate lodges and Grand Lodges for white and black members to accommodate the practice of racial segregation in southern US states In 1876 Malins and other British members failed in achieving an amendment to stop this and left to establish a separate international body In 1887 this and the American body were reconciled into a single IOGT Women were admitted as regular members early in the history of the Good Templar In 1979 there were 700 000 members internationally though only 2 000 in the country of the IOGTs origin the United States 8 Juvenile Templars editIn the mid 1870s Juvenile Templars or Cold Water Temples C W T were established An 1874 Journal of Proceedings report provided information that Cold Water Temples or organizations very similar to them existed in 24 Grand Lodge jurisdictions in Alabama Canada California Colorado Connecticut England Georgia Illinois Maine Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota North Carolina New Hampshire New Jersey Nova Scotia Ohio Pennsylvania Scotland South Carolina Texas Vermont Wisconsin and Wales A similar organization existed in Australia and Ireland The children s organization in all of the British Grand Lodge jurisdictions under the name of Juvenile Temples was very similar to the C W T It was worked successfully but independently of R W G L In Alabama Colorado Connecticut Illinois Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota North Carolina New Hampshire New Jersey Nova Scotia Ohio South Carolina Texas and Vermont it had not much more than a nominal existence 9 In 1873 Martha B O Donnell was appointed Convener of a Committee on Juvenile Work and elected Chief Superintendent of Juvenile Templars holding this position until 1878 when she declined re election 10 11 From 1990 to 2017 in Europe it had a youth division ACTIVE sobriety friendship peace Since then youth organizations being member of IOGT International form the group IOGT Youth Notable people editArthur Arntzen politician 1906 1997 Norwegian civil servant and politician Emily Rose Bleby 1849 1917 Jamaican born social reformer active in the British temperance movement Chauncey Boughton 1805 1895 American physician and politician Sara J Dorr 1855 1924 American temperance reformer Ingrid Espelid Hovig 1924 2018 was a Norwegian television chef and cookbook author William Finlayson Australian politician 1867 1955 Australian politician Isak Larsson Flatabo 1896 1969 Norwegian politician Jessie Forsyth 1847 49 1937 British American temperance advocate Omar Gjesteby 1899 1979 Norwegian trade unionist and politician Harriet Newell Kneeland Goff 1828 1901 American temperance reformer and author Charlotte A Gray 1844 1912 English educator and temperance missionary Nils Hjelmtveit 1892 1985 Norwegian educator and politician Thorleif Karlsen 1909 2010 Norwegian police inspector and politician Helen Kirk 1827 1895 Scotch reformer temperance worker editor writer Georg Kropp 1865 1943 German journalist and polymath Eugenia St John Mann 1847 1932 American clergy evangelist temperance lecturer and suffragist William McGonagall 1825 1902 Scottish poet Sarah Galt Elwood McKee 1842 1934 Canadian social reformer and temperance leader Martha B O Donnell 1836 1925 American temperance activist Ulrik Olsen 1885 1963 Norwegian politician Margaret Eleanor Parker 1827 1896 British activist social reformer and travel writer Emilie Rathou 1862 1948 Swedish journalist newspaper editor and elected official Ellen Sergeant Rude 1838 1916 American author poet and temperance advocate Sue A Sanders 1842 1931 American teacher clubwoman and author Bjorn Skau 1929 2013 Norwegian politician John Sobieski U S Colonel 1842 1927 Polish born American soldier attorney and politician Delia L Weatherby 1843 1916 American temperance reformer and authorSee also editIOGT NTO the Swedish branch List of Temperance organizationsReferences edit Vignette top The parable of the Good Samaritan Vignettes clockwise from bottom First drink social Second drink at a bar Drinking amp gambling Goes home drunk to young wife Pawns his clothes Poverty amp delirium Recovery signs the pledge Prosperity amp happy home IOGT International Constitution PDF Retrieved 27 March 2018 Schwalm Leslie A 15 July 2009 Emancipation s Diaspora Race and Reconstruction in the Upper Midwest Univ of North Carolina Press p 171 ISBN 9780807894125 Retrieved 17 May 2018 a b Nicholson Helen 2014 A Brief History of the Knights Templar Little Brown p 151 ISBN 9781472117878 History of IOGT Derek Rutherford National Council USA Records of the International Order of Good Templars Grand Lodge of Scotland temperance organisation Glasgow Scotland Archives Hub Schmidt Alvin J Fraternal Organizations Westport CT Greenwood Press pp 147 8 Schmidt p 147 Williams W S 1874 Journal of Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Session of the Right W Grand Lodge held at Boston Mass U S May 26 27 28 29 and 30 1874 Napanee Ontario Canada International Order of Good Templars International Supreme Lodge pp 10 13 Retrieved 20 July 2022 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Our international album The International Good Templar Vol 20 no 8 B F Parker August 1916 p 150 Retrieved 2 January 2024 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Willard Frances Elizabeth Livermore Mary Ashton Rice 1893 O DONNELL Mrs Martha B A Woman of the Century Fourteen Hundred seventy Biographical Sketches Accompanied by Portraits of Leading American Women in All Walks of Life Charles Wells Moulton p 544 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Further reading editDavid M Fahey How the Good Templars Began Fraternal Temperance in New York State Social History of Alcohol Review Nos 38 39 1999 David M Fahey Temperance amp Racism John Bull Johnny Reb and the Good Templars University Press of Kentucky 1996 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to International Organisation of Good Templars Official IOGT website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title International Organisation of Good Templars amp oldid 1216531073, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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