fbpx
Wikipedia

Institute for Computational Cosmology

April 26, 2024

The Institute for Computational Cosmology (ICC) is a Research Institute[1] at Durham University, England. It was founded in November 2002 as part of the Ogden Centre for Fundamental Physics, which also includes the Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology (IPPP). The ICC's primary mission is to advance fundamental knowledge in cosmology. Topics of active research include: the nature of dark matter and dark energy, the evolution of cosmic structure, the formation of galaxies, and the determination of fundamental parameters.

Institute for Computational Cosmology (ICC)
EstablishedNovember 2002 (2002-11)
PurposeCosmology
Coordinates54°46′01″N 1°34′30″W / 54.76694311327431°N 1.5749791848612393°W / 54.76694311327431; -1.5749791848612393
Director
Shaun Cole
Parent organization
Durham University
Websiteicc.dur.ac.uk

The current director of the ICC is Shaun Cole.[2] ICC researchers have played a central role[3][4][5] in the development of the standard model of cosmology, Lambda-CDM model (ΛCDM). Because of the vast scale of questions in cosmology, advances often require supercomputer simulations in which a virtual Universe is allowed to evolve for 13.8 billion years from the Big Bang to the present day. The simulation is rerun with different ingredients or different physics, until it matches the observed Universe. This approach has required one of the most powerful supercomputers for academic research in the world, the “Cosmology Machine (COSMA)” as part of the DiRAC supercomputing consortium.[6]

History edit

Durham University's extragalactic astronomy group was founded in the late 1970s, and secured in 1984–5 with the appointments of Carlos Frenk, Richard Ellis, and Tom Shanks. A group researching theoretical cosmology grew steadily during the 1980s and 1990s, mainly funded by the UK Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (PPARC). A dedicated building for theoretical cosmology was then funded through private donations, principally from alumnus Peter Ogden, and opened in 2002 by the Prime Minister, Tony Blair.[7] The group has grown in these new facilities, and the ICC now hosts more than 60 researchers, including theoretical and observational cosmologists, as well as astroparticle physicists.[8] Although the ICC is strictly speaking a theoretical institute, theory and observations in cosmology are intimately interwoven. Uniquely amongst Durham University's Research Institutes, the ICC and IPPP are structurally integrated within an academic and teaching department, Physics. The physics department as a whole was awarded grade 5A in the 2001 Research Assessment Exercise[9] (RAE) carried out by the UK government, with the international excellence of research in Astronomy and Particle Physics specifically highlighted. The department's research in Space Science and Astrophysics was rated as number one in Europe and fourth in the world by Thomson Reuters from its Essential Science Indicators (1998–2008).[10]

In November 2016, the ICC moved into the brand new Ogden Centre for Fundamental Physics building, designed by the world renowned Studio Daniel Libeskind. The new building now houses all three astronomy groups in the Department of Physics, including the Centre for Advanced Instrumentation and the Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, as well as the Institute for Computational Cosmology.

High Performance Computing edit

The ICC's highest resolution simulations of the evolution of the Universe are performed on the Cosmology Machine (COSMA).[11] COSMA-5 was installed in October 2012,[12] as a hub of the UK national Distributed Research utilitising Advanced Computing (DiRAC) consortium.[13] COSMA-5 includes 6720 2.6 GHz Intel Sandy Bridge Central processing unit (CPU) cores, 53,760 GByte of RAM, and 2.4PByte of data storage; it is one of the most powerful supercomputers in the world.[6] The ICC acts as one of the two main nodes of the international Virgo Consortium for cosmological supercomputer simulations.

Outreach edit

A founding goal of the ICC is to "stimulate young people to aspire to be the scientists of tomorrow".[14][15] A full-time outreach officer is employed to develop teaching materials that draw upon current research and coordinate a programme of activities in schools across the North East of England. The ICC has been involved in a number of outreach events aimed at communicating science to the general public, notably:

  • The ICC's 3D short movie "Cosmic Origins",[16] which combines sequences of real astronomical data and supercomputer simulations,[17] won first prize for best stereoscopic movie at Stereoscopic Displays and Applications XXI.[18][19] The movie, and its sequel "Cosmic Origins 2"[16] provided the core entertainment of a touring public exhibition that visited the Royal Society’s Summer Science Exhibitions[20] 2009, 2010 and 2013, See Further[21] 2010, the British Science Festival 2013,[22] and Thailand's National Science and Technology Fair 2013.[23][24]
  • In 2015, the ICC collaborated on The World Machine project, the centrepiece of the 2015 Durham Lumiere festival This was a celebration of cosmology, projected onto the facade of Durham Cathedral.
  • In July 2016, the ICC hosted an exhibition titled Galaxy Makers: How to make a galaxy[25] at the Royal Society 2016 Summer Exhibition.

References edit

  1. ^ "Durham University Research Institutes". from the original on 16 December 2013. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  2. ^ "Institute for Computational Cosmology - Durham University". www.dur.ac.uk. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
  3. ^ Davis, M.; Efstathiou, G.; Frenk, C. S.; White, S. D. M. (1985). "The evolution of large-scale structure in a universe dominated by cold dark matter". Astrophysical Journal. 292: 371. Bibcode:1985ApJ...292..371D. doi:10.1086/163168.
  4. ^ Cole, Shaun; Lacey, Cedric G.; Baugh, Carlton M.; Frenk, Carlos S. (2000). "Hierarchical galaxy formation". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 319 (1): 168–204. arXiv:astro-ph/0007281. Bibcode:2000MNRAS.319..168C. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03879.x. S2CID 17395956.
  5. ^ Dodelson, Scott (2003), Review of astro-ph topcites, retrieved 6 September 2013
  6. ^ a b Listed as 12th overall in the UK, 134th in the world by "Top 500 supercomputer sites". June 2012. from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  7. ^ Barrat, Peter (18 October 2002). "Prime Minister Tony Blair Opens New Centre for Physics Research". PPARC. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  8. ^ ICC Personnel, retrieved 6 September 2013
  9. ^ "Research Assessment Exercise 2001". Higher Education Funding Council for England. from the original on 3 October 2013. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  10. ^ "Institutional rankings in space sciences", Times Higher Education, 28 August 2008, from the original on 29 July 2012, retrieved 6 September 2013
  11. ^ "Institute for Computational Cosmology Durham University - PhD and postgraduate research in astronomy, astrophysics and cosmology". icc.dur.ac.uk.
  12. ^ Curtis, Sophie (8 May 2013). "Durham University upgrades supercomputer for cosmology research". Techworld. from the original on 21 June 2013. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  13. ^ . Archived from the original on 2013-06-20. Retrieved 2013-08-29.
  14. ^ "10 years of science outreach", Dialogue, vol. 23, pp. 10–11, May–June 2012, from the original on 15 March 2016, retrieved 6 September 2013
  15. ^ Edwards, Pete. "From Higgs to Hubble (and some of the stuff in-between)". from the original on 3 August 2013. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  16. ^ a b "OurCosmicOrigins". YouTube. from the original on 2016-07-31.
  17. ^ Holliman, Nick; Baugh, Carlton; Frenk, Carlos; Jenkins, Adrian; Froner, Barbara; Hassaine, Djamel; Helly, John; Metcalfe, Nigel; Okamoto, Takashi (27 January 2006), Woods, Andrew J; Dodgson, Neil A; Merritt, John O; Bolas, Mark T; McDowall, Ian E (eds.), "Cosmic cookery: making a stereoscopic 3D animated movie", Proc. SPIE, Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems XIII, vol. 6055, pp. 34–45, Bibcode:2006SPIE.6055...34H, doi:10.1117/12.646644, S2CID 18373626, from the original on 5 January 2015
  18. ^ "Stereoscopic Displays and Applications, 3D Theater Session". IS&T and SPIE. 2010. from the original on 16 September 2013. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  19. ^ "Durham movie leaves Disney standing". Durham Times. Newsquest. 30 January 2010. from the original on 5 January 2015. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  20. ^ "Royal Society". from the original on 2013-08-10. Retrieved 2013-08-28.
  21. ^ . 11 April 2014. Archived from the original on 11 April 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  22. ^ "British Science Festival". from the original on 2013-08-28.
  23. ^ "National Science and Technology Fair". from the original on 2013-08-28. Retrieved 2013-08-29.
  24. ^ British Council (14 August 2013). . Archived from the original on 26 August 2013. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
  25. ^ "Galaxy Makers | Design your own Universe!". www.galaxymakers.org. Retrieved 2018-12-26.

April 26, 2024
institute, computational, cosmology, research, institute, durham, university, england, founded, november, 2002, part, ogden, centre, fundamental, physics, which, also, includes, institute, particle, physics, phenomenology, ippp, primary, mission, advance, fund. The Institute for Computational Cosmology ICC is a Research Institute 1 at Durham University England It was founded in November 2002 as part of the Ogden Centre for Fundamental Physics which also includes the Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology IPPP The ICC s primary mission is to advance fundamental knowledge in cosmology Topics of active research include the nature of dark matter and dark energy the evolution of cosmic structure the formation of galaxies and the determination of fundamental parameters Institute for Computational Cosmology ICC EstablishedNovember 2002 2002 11 PurposeCosmologyCoordinates54 46 01 N 1 34 30 W 54 76694311327431 N 1 5749791848612393 W 54 76694311327431 1 5749791848612393DirectorShaun ColeParent organizationDurham UniversityWebsiteicc wbr dur wbr ac wbr uk The current director of the ICC is Shaun Cole 2 ICC researchers have played a central role 3 4 5 in the development of the standard model of cosmology Lambda CDM model LCDM Because of the vast scale of questions in cosmology advances often require supercomputer simulations in which a virtual Universe is allowed to evolve for 13 8 billion years from the Big Bang to the present day The simulation is rerun with different ingredients or different physics until it matches the observed Universe This approach has required one of the most powerful supercomputers for academic research in the world the Cosmology Machine COSMA as part of the DiRAC supercomputing consortium 6 Contents 1 History 2 High Performance Computing 3 Outreach 4 ReferencesHistory editDurham University s extragalactic astronomy group was founded in the late 1970s and secured in 1984 5 with the appointments of Carlos Frenk Richard Ellis and Tom Shanks A group researching theoretical cosmology grew steadily during the 1980s and 1990s mainly funded by the UK Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council PPARC A dedicated building for theoretical cosmology was then funded through private donations principally from alumnus Peter Ogden and opened in 2002 by the Prime Minister Tony Blair 7 The group has grown in these new facilities and the ICC now hosts more than 60 researchers including theoretical and observational cosmologists as well as astroparticle physicists 8 Although the ICC is strictly speaking a theoretical institute theory and observations in cosmology are intimately interwoven Uniquely amongst Durham University s Research Institutes the ICC and IPPP are structurally integrated within an academic and teaching department Physics The physics department as a whole was awarded grade 5A in the 2001 Research Assessment Exercise 9 RAE carried out by the UK government with the international excellence of research in Astronomy and Particle Physics specifically highlighted The department s research in Space Science and Astrophysics was rated as number one in Europe and fourth in the world by Thomson Reuters from its Essential Science Indicators 1998 2008 10 In November 2016 the ICC moved into the brand new Ogden Centre for Fundamental Physics building designed by the world renowned Studio Daniel Libeskind The new building now houses all three astronomy groups in the Department of Physics including the Centre for Advanced Instrumentation and the Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy as well as the Institute for Computational Cosmology High Performance Computing editThe ICC s highest resolution simulations of the evolution of the Universe are performed on the Cosmology Machine COSMA 11 COSMA 5 was installed in October 2012 12 as a hub of the UK national Distributed Research utilitising Advanced Computing DiRAC consortium 13 COSMA 5 includes 6720 2 6 GHz Intel Sandy Bridge Central processing unit CPU cores 53 760 GByte of RAM and 2 4PByte of data storage it is one of the most powerful supercomputers in the world 6 The ICC acts as one of the two main nodes of the international Virgo Consortium for cosmological supercomputer simulations Outreach editA founding goal of the ICC is to stimulate young people to aspire to be the scientists of tomorrow 14 15 A full time outreach officer is employed to develop teaching materials that draw upon current research and coordinate a programme of activities in schools across the North East of England The ICC has been involved in a number of outreach events aimed at communicating science to the general public notably The ICC s 3D short movie Cosmic Origins 16 which combines sequences of real astronomical data and supercomputer simulations 17 won first prize for best stereoscopic movie at Stereoscopic Displays and Applications XXI 18 19 The movie and its sequel Cosmic Origins 2 16 provided the core entertainment of a touring public exhibition that visited the Royal Society s Summer Science Exhibitions 20 2009 2010 and 2013 See Further 21 2010 the British Science Festival 2013 22 and Thailand s National Science and Technology Fair 2013 23 24 In 2015 the ICC collaborated on The World Machine project the centrepiece of the 2015 Durham Lumiere festival This was a celebration of cosmology projected onto the facade of Durham Cathedral In July 2016 the ICC hosted an exhibition titled Galaxy Makers How to make a galaxy 25 at the Royal Society 2016 Summer Exhibition References edit Durham University Research Institutes Archived from the original on 16 December 2013 Retrieved 6 September 2013 Institute for Computational Cosmology Durham University www dur ac uk Retrieved 20 November 2020 Davis M Efstathiou G Frenk C S White S D M 1985 The evolution of large scale structure in a universe dominated by cold dark matter Astrophysical Journal 292 371 Bibcode 1985ApJ 292 371D doi 10 1086 163168 Cole Shaun Lacey Cedric G Baugh Carlton M Frenk Carlos S 2000 Hierarchical galaxy formation Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 319 1 168 204 arXiv astro ph 0007281 Bibcode 2000MNRAS 319 168C doi 10 1046 j 1365 8711 2000 03879 x S2CID 17395956 Dodelson Scott 2003 Review of astro ph topcites retrieved 6 September 2013 a b Listed as 12th overall in the UK 134th in the world by Top 500 supercomputer sites June 2012 Archived from the original on 2 November 2013 Retrieved 6 September 2013 Barrat Peter 18 October 2002 Prime Minister Tony Blair Opens New Centre for Physics Research PPARC Retrieved 6 September 2013 ICC Personnel retrieved 6 September 2013 Research Assessment Exercise 2001 Higher Education Funding Council for England Archived from the original on 3 October 2013 Retrieved 6 September 2013 Institutional rankings in space sciences Times Higher Education 28 August 2008 archived from the original on 29 July 2012 retrieved 6 September 2013 Institute for Computational Cosmology Durham University PhD and postgraduate research in astronomy astrophysics and cosmology icc dur ac uk Curtis Sophie 8 May 2013 Durham University upgrades supercomputer for cosmology research Techworld Archived from the original on 21 June 2013 Retrieved 6 September 2013 DiRAC Science amp Technology Facilities Council STFC Archived from the original on 2013 06 20 Retrieved 2013 08 29 10 years of science outreach Dialogue vol 23 pp 10 11 May June 2012 archived from the original on 15 March 2016 retrieved 6 September 2013 Edwards Pete From Higgs to Hubble and some of the stuff in between Archived from the original on 3 August 2013 Retrieved 6 September 2013 a b OurCosmicOrigins YouTube Archived from the original on 2016 07 31 Holliman Nick Baugh Carlton Frenk Carlos Jenkins Adrian Froner Barbara Hassaine Djamel Helly John Metcalfe Nigel Okamoto Takashi 27 January 2006 Woods Andrew J Dodgson Neil A Merritt John O Bolas Mark T McDowall Ian E eds Cosmic cookery making a stereoscopic 3D animated movie Proc SPIE Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems XIII vol 6055 pp 34 45 Bibcode 2006SPIE 6055 34H doi 10 1117 12 646644 S2CID 18373626 archived from the original on 5 January 2015 Stereoscopic Displays and Applications 3D Theater Session IS amp T and SPIE 2010 Archived from the original on 16 September 2013 Retrieved 6 September 2013 Durham movie leaves Disney standing Durham Times Newsquest 30 January 2010 Archived from the original on 5 January 2015 Retrieved 6 September 2013 Royal Society Archived from the original on 2013 08 10 Retrieved 2013 08 28 Welcome to See Further The Festival of Science Arts See Further Festival 2010 11 April 2014 Archived from the original on 11 April 2014 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link British Science Festival Archived from the original on 2013 08 28 National Science and Technology Fair Archived from the original on 2013 08 28 Retrieved 2013 08 29 British Council 14 August 2013 Dark matter holds key to the origins of the universe Archived from the original on 26 August 2013 Retrieved 6 September 2013 Galaxy Makers Design your own Universe www galaxymakers org Retrieved 2018 12 26 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Institute for Computational Cosmology amp oldid 1171753379, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.