The Immunoscore is a method to estimate the prognosis of cancer patients, based on the immune cells that infiltrate cancer and surround it. The Immunoscore has been internationally validated in colorectal cancer[1] and provides better prognostic information than the current staging system, TNM. In other malignancies the Immunoscore has not yet been validated. It is based on Jerome Galon's finding from 2006[2] which revealed a positive association of cytotoxic and memory T cells with survival of colorectal cancer patients.
Introductionedit
The most common system for classifying the extent of spread of cancer is the TNM classification, which has been used for over 80 years. However, its prognostic accuracy is limited and clinical outcome can significantly vary among patients within the same tumor stage.[3] This method fails to incorporate the effects of the host immune response and focus only on the tumor cells. From the beginning of 21st century, growing evidences supports the important role of the immune system in cancer surveillance and clearance. The ability to avoid immune destruction has been introduced as a hallmark of cancer.[4] Immunoscore incorporates the effects of the host immune response into cancer classification and improves prognostic accuracy. It measures the density of two T lymphocyte populations (CD3/CD8, CD3/CD45RO or CD8/CD45RO) in the center and at the periphery of the tumor. The Immunoscore provides a score ranging from 0 (I0) when low densities of both cell types are found in both regions, to Immunoscore 4 (I4) when high densities are found in both regions.[5] The Immunoscore does not measure how the immune cells in the periphery of the tumor are organized, or the amount of B-cells, tertiary lymphoid structures and germinal centers. All of these have important roles in the immune response to colorectal[6] and other cancers.[7]
Referencesedit
^Pagès, Franck; Mlecnik, Bernhard; Marliot, Florence; Bindea, Gabriela; Ou, Fang-Shu; Bifulco, Carlo; Lugli, Alessandro; Zlobec, Inti; Rau, Tilman T. (26 May 2018). "International validation of the consensus Immunoscore for the classification of colon cancer: a prognostic and accuracy study". Lancet. 391 (10135): 2128–2139. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30789-X. ISSN 1474-547X. PMID 29754777. S2CID 21680968.
^Galon, Jérôme; Costes, Anne; Sanchez-Cabo, Fatima; Kirilovsky, Amos; Mlecnik, Bernhard; Lagorce-Pagès, Christine; Tosolini, Marie; Camus, Matthieu; Berger, Anne (2006-09-29). "Type, density, and location of immune cells within human colorectal tumors predict clinical outcome". Science. 313 (5795): 1960–1964. doi:10.1126/science.1129139. ISSN 1095-9203. PMID 17008531. S2CID 473931.
^Gao, Peng; Song, Yong-xi; Wang, Zhen-ning; Xu, Ying-ying; Tong, Lin-lin; Sun, Jing-xu; Yu, Miao; Xu, Hui-mian (2013-01-01). "Is the prediction of prognosis not improved by the seventh edition of the TNM classification for colorectal cancer? Analysis of the surveilla006Ece, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database". BMC Cancer. 13: 123. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-13-123. ISSN 1471-2407. PMC3651725. PMID 23496812.
^Hanahan, Douglas; Weinberg, Robert A. (2011-03-04). "Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation". Cell. 144 (5): 646–674. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013. ISSN 1097-4172. PMID 21376230.
^Galon, Jérôme; Mlecnik, Bernhard; Bindea, Gabriela; Angell, Helen K.; Berger, Anne; Lagorce, Christine; Lugli, Alessandro; Zlobec, Inti; Hartmann, Arndt (2014-01-01). "Towards the introduction of the 'Immunoscore' in the classification of malignant tumours". The Journal of Pathology. 232 (2): 199–209. doi:10.1002/path.4287. ISSN 1096-9896. PMC4255306. PMID 24122236.
^Maoz, Asaf; Dennis, Michael; Greenson, Joel K. (2019). "The Crohn's-Like Lymphoid Reaction to Colorectal Cancer-Tertiary Lymphoid Structures With Immunologic and Potentially Therapeutic Relevance in Colorectal Cancer". Frontiers in Immunology. 10: 1884. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01884. ISSN 1664-3224. PMC6714555. PMID 31507584.
^Siliņa, Karīna; Soltermann, Alex; Attar, Farkhondeh Movahedian; Casanova, Ruben; Uckeley, Zina M.; Thut, Helen; Wandres, Muriel; Isajevs, Sergejs; Cheng, Phil (1 March 2018). "Germinal Centers Determine the Prognostic Relevance of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures and Are Impaired by Corticosteroids in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma". Cancer Research. 78 (5): 1308–1320. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-1987. ISSN 1538-7445. PMID 29279354.
December 15, 2023
immunoscore, method, estimate, prognosis, cancer, patients, based, immune, cells, that, infiltrate, cancer, surround, been, internationally, validated, colorectal, cancer, provides, better, prognostic, information, than, current, staging, system, other, malign. The Immunoscore is a method to estimate the prognosis of cancer patients based on the immune cells that infiltrate cancer and surround it The Immunoscore has been internationally validated in colorectal cancer 1 and provides better prognostic information than the current staging system TNM In other malignancies the Immunoscore has not yet been validated It is based on Jerome Galon s finding from 2006 2 which revealed a positive association of cytotoxic and memory T cells with survival of colorectal cancer patients Introduction editThe most common system for classifying the extent of spread of cancer is the TNM classification which has been used for over 80 years However its prognostic accuracy is limited and clinical outcome can significantly vary among patients within the same tumor stage 3 This method fails to incorporate the effects of the host immune response and focus only on the tumor cells From the beginning of 21st century growing evidences supports the important role of the immune system in cancer surveillance and clearance The ability to avoid immune destruction has been introduced as a hallmark of cancer 4 Immunoscore incorporates the effects of the host immune response into cancer classification and improves prognostic accuracy It measures the density of two T lymphocyte populations CD3 CD8 CD3 CD45RO or CD8 CD45RO in the center and at the periphery of the tumor The Immunoscore provides a score ranging from 0 I0 when low densities of both cell types are found in both regions to Immunoscore 4 I4 when high densities are found in both regions 5 The Immunoscore does not measure how the immune cells in the periphery of the tumor are organized or the amount of B cells tertiary lymphoid structures and germinal centers All of these have important roles in the immune response to colorectal 6 and other cancers 7 References edit Pages Franck Mlecnik Bernhard Marliot Florence Bindea Gabriela Ou Fang Shu Bifulco Carlo Lugli Alessandro Zlobec Inti Rau Tilman T 26 May 2018 International validation of the consensus Immunoscore for the classification of colon cancer a prognostic and accuracy study Lancet 391 10135 2128 2139 doi 10 1016 S0140 6736 18 30789 X ISSN 1474 547X PMID 29754777 S2CID 21680968 Galon Jerome Costes Anne Sanchez Cabo Fatima Kirilovsky Amos Mlecnik Bernhard Lagorce Pages Christine Tosolini Marie Camus Matthieu Berger Anne 2006 09 29 Type density and location of immune cells within human colorectal tumors predict clinical outcome Science 313 5795 1960 1964 doi 10 1126 science 1129139 ISSN 1095 9203 PMID 17008531 S2CID 473931 Gao Peng Song Yong xi Wang Zhen ning Xu Ying ying Tong Lin lin Sun Jing xu Yu Miao Xu Hui mian 2013 01 01 Is the prediction of prognosis not improved by the seventh edition of the TNM classification for colorectal cancer Analysis of the surveilla006Ece epidemiology and end results SEER database BMC Cancer 13 123 doi 10 1186 1471 2407 13 123 ISSN 1471 2407 PMC 3651725 PMID 23496812 Hanahan Douglas Weinberg Robert A 2011 03 04 Hallmarks of cancer the next generation Cell 144 5 646 674 doi 10 1016 j cell 2011 02 013 ISSN 1097 4172 PMID 21376230 Galon Jerome Mlecnik Bernhard Bindea Gabriela Angell Helen K Berger Anne Lagorce Christine Lugli Alessandro Zlobec Inti Hartmann Arndt 2014 01 01 Towards the introduction of the Immunoscore in the classification of malignant tumours The Journal of Pathology 232 2 199 209 doi 10 1002 path 4287 ISSN 1096 9896 PMC 4255306 PMID 24122236 Maoz Asaf Dennis Michael Greenson Joel K 2019 The Crohn s Like Lymphoid Reaction to Colorectal Cancer Tertiary Lymphoid Structures With Immunologic and Potentially Therapeutic Relevance in Colorectal Cancer Frontiers in Immunology 10 1884 doi 10 3389 fimmu 2019 01884 ISSN 1664 3224 PMC 6714555 PMID 31507584 Silina Karina Soltermann Alex Attar Farkhondeh Movahedian Casanova Ruben Uckeley Zina M Thut Helen Wandres Muriel Isajevs Sergejs Cheng Phil 1 March 2018 Germinal Centers Determine the Prognostic Relevance of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures and Are Impaired by Corticosteroids in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cancer Research 78 5 1308 1320 doi 10 1158 0008 5472 CAN 17 1987 ISSN 1538 7445 PMID 29279354 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Immunoscore amp oldid 1188126985, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
