The Il-38 is an adaptation of the four-engined turboprop Ilyushin Il-18 for use as a maritime patrol aircraft for the Soviet Navy. It met a requirement to counter American ballistic missile submarines. The Communist Party Central Committee and the Council of Ministers issued a joint directive on 18 June 1960, calling for a prototype to be ready for trials by the second quarter of 1962. The fuselage, wing, tail unit and engine nacelles were the same as the Il-18 and it had the same powerplant and flight deck. An aerodynamic prototype of the Il-38 first flew on 28 September 1961,[2] with the first production aircraft following in September 1967. Production continued until 1972, when the longer-range and more versatile Tupolev Tu-142 derivative of the Tupolev Tu-95 strategic bomber had entered service.[3]
The airframe is based on the Il-18, with the wings moved forward 3 m (9.84 ft).[4] Unlike the Il-18, only the forward fuselage of the Il-38 is pressurised. The tail contains a MAD, while under the forward fuselage a Berkut ("Golden Eagle") search radar (named "Wet Eye" by NATO) is housed in a bulged radome. There are two internal weapons bays, one forward of the wing, housing sonobuoys and one behind the wing housing weapons.[2]
Some Western sources state that 58 were produced;[3] the commander of the ASW squadron at Ostrov has stated that Soviet Naval Aviation received 35,[1] of which about thirty remain in service with Russian Naval Aviation.[5] Five were passed to India in 1977/8.[1] In the mid-1990s it seems the Tu-204/Tu-214 airliner won a competition against the Beriev A-40/Be-42 amphibious plane to replace the Il-38 in Russian service,[1] but a lack of funds crippled the project. More recently an A-40 variant seems to be under development to replace the Il-38.
India received three ex-Soviet Naval Aviation Il-38s in 1977, with two more arriving in 1983. Indian modifications included fitting pylons to the fuselage side to carry the Sea Eagleanti-ship missile.[6] The Il-38s of the Indian Navy have been sent back to Russia for upgrades. They will incorporate the new Sea Dragon avionic suite, incorporating a new radar, a Forward looking infrared turret under the nose and an electronic intelligence system housed in a box-like structure mounted on struts above the forward fuselage.[5] Three upgraded aircraft, designated Il-38 SD, have been delivered to the Indian Navy.[7] Indian Il-38 can also fire Kh-35E missiles.[8]
Operational history
An IL-38 May passing low over USS Midway on 18 May 1979
One prototype was lost in the early 1970s when it was forced to ditch at sea.[1]
The Il-38 was operated by units in the Soviet Northern, Pacific and Baltic fleets. In March 1968 a squadron of Il-38s deployed to Cairo in Egypt, flown by Soviet crews but in Egyptian markings, until withdrawn in 1972. Il-38s continued to deploy overseas through the Cold War, flying from Aden in South Yemen, Asmara in what was then Ethiopia, Libya and Syria. Two Il-38s were attacked on the ground in a commando raid and at least one was destroyed by Eritrean People's Liberation Front fighters in 1984 at Asmara.[3] After the Cold War and the breakup of the Soviet Union, Il-38s continue in service with the Russian Navy's Arctic and Pacific Fleets.[5]
The type made its first visit to a NATO base in 1995, at NAS Jacksonville in United States.[1] Its first appearance at an airshow in the West was at the 1996 Royal International Air Tattoo in United Kingdom.[1]
A midair collision occurred on 1 October 2002, during the Indian squadron's silver jubilee celebrations. IN302 and IN304, which were flying parallel to each other, collided above the Dabolim airport in Goa. All twelve aircrew (six aboard each aircraft) were killed and both aircraft were destroyed.[9]
Variants
An unmarked Ilyushin IL-38, which was later delivered to the Indian Navy in 1983 and was the navy's first Il-38 to be modernised to SD standard.
Ilyushin Il-38N in 2020
Il-38
Production aircraft
Il-38M
Modified with a receiver probe as part of a probe and drogue air refueling system. System not adopted.
Il-38MZ
Tanker variant of the Il-38. Prototype only
Il-38N
Improved variant sometimes referred to as Il-38SD for Sea Dragon, which is a new search and tracking system. The Russian Navy version is equipped with the Novella P-38 system.[10] Novella P-38 is able to find air targets at ranges of up to 90 kilometres and follow surface objects within a radius of 320 kilometres, can track 32 above- and underwater targets simultaneously.[11] 8 aircraft have been delivered to the Russian Navy.[12][verification needed] Modernised anti-submarine planes have entered into service with Russia’s Pacific and Northern Fleets.[13]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ilyushin Il-38.
^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuBorst, Marco P.J. (Summer 1996). (PDF). Airborne Log. Lockheed: 8–9. Archived from [://www.p3orion.nl/il-38%20may.pdf the original] (PDF) on 10 September 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2014. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
^"Восьмой модернизированный Ил-38Н". 23 December 2016.
^"Il-38N antisubmarine aircraft go on Arctic duty". airrecognition.com.
Lake, Jon. "Russia's Submarine Killer: Ilyushin IL-38 May". Air International, February 2005, Vol 68 No.2. Stamford, UK:Key Publishing. pp. 30–36.
Gordon, Yefim and Dmitriy Komissarov, Ilyushin Il-18/-20/-22; A Versatile Turboprop Transport, Midland Publishing:Hinckley England. 2004.
January 20, 2023
ilyushin, redirects, here, protein, il1f10, road, illinois, route, dolphin, nato, reporting, name, maritime, patrol, aircraft, anti, submarine, warfare, aircraft, designed, soviet, union, development, ilyushin, turboprop, transport, 38sd, indian, navy, 2007, r. Il 38 redirects here For the protein see IL1F10 For the road see Illinois Route 38 The Ilyushin Il 38 Dolphin 1 NATO reporting name May is a maritime patrol aircraft and anti submarine warfare aircraft designed in the Soviet Union It was a development of the Ilyushin Il 18 turboprop transport Il 38Ilyushin Il 38SD of the Indian Navy in 2007 Role Anti submarine warfare and maritime patrol aircraftDesign group IlyushinFirst flight 28 September 1961Introduction 1967Status In servicePrimary users Soviet Naval Aviation historical Russian Naval Aviation Indian Naval Air ArmProduced 1967 1972Number built 58Developed from Ilyushin Il 18 Contents 1 Design and development 2 Operational history 3 Variants 4 Operators 4 1 Former operators 5 Specifications Il 38 6 See also 7 ReferencesDesign and development EditThe Il 38 is an adaptation of the four engined turboprop Ilyushin Il 18 for use as a maritime patrol aircraft for the Soviet Navy It met a requirement to counter American ballistic missile submarines The Communist Party Central Committee and the Council of Ministers issued a joint directive on 18 June 1960 calling for a prototype to be ready for trials by the second quarter of 1962 The fuselage wing tail unit and engine nacelles were the same as the Il 18 and it had the same powerplant and flight deck An aerodynamic prototype of the Il 38 first flew on 28 September 1961 2 with the first production aircraft following in September 1967 Production continued until 1972 when the longer range and more versatile Tupolev Tu 142 derivative of the Tupolev Tu 95 strategic bomber had entered service 3 The airframe is based on the Il 18 with the wings moved forward 3 m 9 84 ft 4 Unlike the Il 18 only the forward fuselage of the Il 38 is pressurised The tail contains a MAD while under the forward fuselage a Berkut Golden Eagle search radar named Wet Eye by NATO is housed in a bulged radome There are two internal weapons bays one forward of the wing housing sonobuoys and one behind the wing housing weapons 2 Some Western sources state that 58 were produced 3 the commander of the ASW squadron at Ostrov has stated that Soviet Naval Aviation received 35 1 of which about thirty remain in service with Russian Naval Aviation 5 Five were passed to India in 1977 8 1 In the mid 1990s it seems the Tu 204 Tu 214 airliner won a competition against the Beriev A 40 Be 42 amphibious plane to replace the Il 38 in Russian service 1 but a lack of funds crippled the project More recently an A 40 variant seems to be under development to replace the Il 38 India received three ex Soviet Naval Aviation Il 38s in 1977 with two more arriving in 1983 Indian modifications included fitting pylons to the fuselage side to carry the Sea Eagle anti ship missile 6 The Il 38s of the Indian Navy have been sent back to Russia for upgrades They will incorporate the new Sea Dragon avionic suite incorporating a new radar a Forward looking infrared turret under the nose and an electronic intelligence system housed in a box like structure mounted on struts above the forward fuselage 5 Three upgraded aircraft designated Il 38 SD have been delivered to the Indian Navy 7 Indian Il 38 can also fire Kh 35E missiles 8 Operational history Edit An IL 38 May passing low over USS Midway on 18 May 1979 One prototype was lost in the early 1970s when it was forced to ditch at sea 1 The Il 38 was operated by units in the Soviet Northern Pacific and Baltic fleets In March 1968 a squadron of Il 38s deployed to Cairo in Egypt flown by Soviet crews but in Egyptian markings until withdrawn in 1972 Il 38s continued to deploy overseas through the Cold War flying from Aden in South Yemen Asmara in what was then Ethiopia Libya and Syria Two Il 38s were attacked on the ground in a commando raid and at least one was destroyed by Eritrean People s Liberation Front fighters in 1984 at Asmara 3 After the Cold War and the breakup of the Soviet Union Il 38s continue in service with the Russian Navy s Arctic and Pacific Fleets 5 The type made its first visit to a NATO base in 1995 at NAS Jacksonville in United States 1 Its first appearance at an airshow in the West was at the 1996 Royal International Air Tattoo in United Kingdom 1 A midair collision occurred on 1 October 2002 during the Indian squadron s silver jubilee celebrations IN302 and IN304 which were flying parallel to each other collided above the Dabolim airport in Goa All twelve aircrew six aboard each aircraft were killed and both aircraft were destroyed 9 Variants Edit An unmarked Ilyushin IL 38 which was later delivered to the Indian Navy in 1983 and was the navy s first Il 38 to be modernised to SD standard Ilyushin Il 38N in 2020 Il 38 Production aircraft Il 38M Modified with a receiver probe as part of a probe and drogue air refueling system System not adopted Il 38MZ Tanker variant of the Il 38 Prototype only Il 38N Improved variant sometimes referred to as Il 38SD for Sea Dragon which is a new search and tracking system The Russian Navy version is equipped with the Novella P 38 system 10 Novella P 38 is able to find air targets at ranges of up to 90 kilometres and follow surface objects within a radius of 320 kilometres can track 32 above and underwater targets simultaneously 11 8 aircraft have been delivered to the Russian Navy 12 verification needed Modernised anti submarine planes have entered into service with Russia s Pacific and Northern Fleets 13 Operators Edit Il 38 of the Indian Navy at INS Hansa in Goa with a Tupolev Tu 142 in the foreground IndiaIndian Naval Air Arm RussiaRussian Naval AviationFormer operators Edit Soviet UnionSoviet Naval AviationSpecifications Il 38 EditData from Russian Navy at RIAT 1996 1 General characteristicsCrew seven eight 1 Length 40 185 1 m 131 ft 10 in Wingspan 37 4 1 m 122 ft 8 in Height 10 17 1 m 33 ft 4 in Wing area 140 1 m2 1 500 sq ft Empty weight 35 500 1 kg 78 264 lb Max takeoff weight 66 000 1 kg 145 505 lb Powerplant 4 Ivchencko Progress AI 20M 1 turboprop engines 3 151 kW 4 225 1 hp eachPerformance Maximum speed 645 km h 401 mph 348 kn Ferry range 7 500 km 4 700 mi 4 000 nmi Endurance 13 hours 1 Service ceiling 11 000 1 m 36 000 ft Rate of climb 5 33 m s 1 049 ft min Armament 20 000 lb 9 000 kg of disposable stores including depth charges mines torpedoes and bombs Kh 35E anti ship missileSee also EditRelated development Ilyushin Il 18Aircraft of comparable role configuration and era Breguet 1150 Atlantic Canadair CP 107 Argus Lockheed P 3 Orion Hawker Siddeley NimrodReferences Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ilyushin Il 38 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Borst Marco P J Summer 1996 Ilyushin IL 38 May the Russian Orion PDF Airborne Log Lockheed 8 9 Archived from www p3orion nl il 38 20may pdf the original PDF on 10 September 2016 Retrieved 2 September 2014 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Check url value help a b Lake 2005 p 31 a b c Lake 2005 p 32 Gordon 2004 p 92 a b c Lake 2005 p 36 Lake 2005 pp 32 33 Indijskie protivolodochnye samolety poluchili Morskogo zmeya lenta ru Indian Navy Practices Sinking Chinese Subs in Largest Ever Military Exercise India navy planes collide in mid air 1 October 2002 via news bbc co uk Severnyj flot poluchil modernizirovannyj protivolodochnyj samolet lenta ru Russia s upgraded Il 38N Maritime Patrol Aircraft receives lightweight electrical power supply units www navyrecognition com Vosmoj modernizirovannyj Il 38N 23 December 2016 Il 38N antisubmarine aircraft go on Arctic duty airrecognition com Lake Jon Russia s Submarine Killer Ilyushin IL 38 May Air International February 2005 Vol 68 No 2 Stamford UK Key Publishing pp 30 36 Gordon Yefim and Dmitriy Komissarov Ilyushin Il 18 20 22 A Versatile Turboprop Transport Midland Publishing Hinckley England 2004 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ilyushin Il 38 amp oldid 1122906467, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
