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ISO 15118

January 01, 1970

ISO 15118 Road vehicles -- Vehicle to grid communication interface is a proposed international standard defining a vehicle to grid (V2G) communication interface for bi-directional charging/discharging of electric vehicles.[1] The standard provides multiple use cases like secure communication, smart charging and the Plug & Charge feature used by some electric vehicle networks.[2]

Plug and Charge logo (2022)

Overview edit

ISO 15118 is one of the International Electrotechnical Commission's (IEC) group of standards for electric road vehicles and electric industrial trucks, and is the responsibility of Joint Working Group 1 (JWG1 V2G) of IEC Technical Committee 69 (TC69)[3] together with subcommittee 31 (SC31)[4] of the International Organization for Standardization's (ISO) Technical Committee 22 (TC22)[5] on road vehicles.

ISO and IEC began working together on the standard in 2010,[6] and a Plug & Charge section was released in 2014. No automakers had a productive implementation of the standard by 2018.[7][needs update]

V2G-PKI edit

ISO 15118 communication can be secured by a TLS connection between EV and electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE)[clarification needed]. For the use case Plug&Charge this is even mandatory. The norm[clarification needed] describes how a needed "V2G-PKI" (vehicle to grid - Public Key Infrastructure) needs to be set up. Hubject provided already in 2018 the first productive V2G-PKI[8] and the related ecosystem for EU and US.[9] The only productive certificate authority for a V2G-PKI is currently operated by Hubject. Several other companies declared work on a V2G-PKI solutions among which CharIn and Gireve. Nevertheless, charge station operators and automakers can also handle the certificates if they are based on the ISO15118 standard.[7][10][11]

As of 2019 and 2020, several Public Key Infrastructure issues remained unsolved for using the standard as proposed.[12][13][7][11][clarification needed]

Plug & Charge edit

The user-convenient and secure Plug & Charge feature envisioned with ISO 15118 enables an electric vehicle to automatically identify and authorize itself to a compatible charging station on behalf of the driver, to receive energy for recharging its battery. The only action required by the driver is to plug the charging cable into the EV and/or charging station, because the car and the charger identify themselves to each other by exchanging certificates which were provided beforehand via a certificate pool to facilitate payment.[14] An open test system was started[where?] in November 2021.[15] The proposed standard can be used for both wired (AC and DC charging) and wireless charging for electric vehicles.[16]

Some EV cars support the Plug & Charge standard, including the model year 2021 Porsche Taycan, Mercedes-Benz EQS,[17] Lucid Air, and Ford Mustang Mach-E.[10] Model year 2024 support includes BMW i4, i5, i7, iX,[18] and Hyundai Ioniq 6.[19]

Other electric vehicles could possibly be updated to support the standard, including the Volkswagen ID.4.[20] Some cars need hardware updates.[11]

All Tesla vehicles since 2012 (before the release of ISO 15118-2 in 2014) have a proprietary version of Plug & Charge.[7][11] Other proprietary solutions exist, such as those developed by Paua.[21]

Besides Tesla, alternatives to Plug & Charge exist including "AutoCharge" based on DIN Spec 70121 (Combined Charging System - CCS)[22][23] using the car's fixed MAC address which is not a secure mechanism, however cars from companies like the Volkswagen Group do not have a fixed MAC address and cannot use AutoCharge.[24]

Standard documents edit

ISO 15118 consists of the following parts, detailed in separate standard documents:

  • ISO 15118-1: General information and use-case definition[1]
  • ISO 15118-2: Network and application protocol requirements[25]
  • ISO 15118-3: Physical and data link layer requirements[26]
  • ISO 15118-4: Network and application protocol conformance test[25]
  • ISO 15118-5: Physical and data link layer conformance test[27]
  • ISO/DIS 15118-6: General information and use-case definition for wireless communication (out of commission, merged with 2nd edition of ISO 15118-1)[28]
  • ISO/CD 15118-7: Network and application protocol requirements for wireless communication (out of commission, moved to ISO/DIS 15118–20)[28]
  • ISO 15118-8: Physical layer and data link layer requirements for wireless communication[29]
  • ISO 15118-20: 2nd generation network and application protocol requirements[30]

Use of ISO 15118 in heavy duty vehicles edit

The ISO 15118 is also used as communication protocol for charging of heavy duty vehicles as:

  • Harbor Automated Guided Vehicles [31]
  • Public transportation [32]

When using the ISO 15118 in a commercial operation the use of WLAN (ISO 15118-8) must be considered carefully since there is no way to guarantee operation uptime when using wireless communication based on WLAN.[citation needed] For these situations the same protocol as for passenger car charging can be used (ISO 15118-3 powerline communication).

References edit

  1. ^ a b "ISO 15118-1:2019 Road vehicles -- Vehicle to grid communication interface -- Part 1: General information and use-case definition". ISO. April 2019. from the original on 26 August 2019.
  2. ^ "Electric Vehicle Charging Open Payment Framework with ISO 15118" (PDF). Secure Technology Alliance. February 2021. (PDF) from the original on 2 June 2021.
  3. ^ IEC Technical Committee 69
  4. ^ ISO technical committee 22 subcommittee 31
  5. ^ ISO technical committee 22
  6. ^ Mültin, Marc (6 July 2021). "What is ISO 15118? | Switch". www.switch-ev.com. from the original on 23 October 2021.
  7. ^ a b c d Berman, Bradley (2020-08-11). "ISO EV Plug and Charge standard faces security concerns". www.sae.org. SAE International. from the original on 13 August 2020.
  8. ^ "Hubject & Daimler ermöglichen Laden ohne Karte oder App". electrive.net (in German). 2018-04-17. Retrieved 2022-07-05.
  9. ^ "Plug&Charge: Electrify America kooperiert mit Hubject". electrive.net (in German). 2019-01-09. Retrieved 2022-07-05.
  10. ^ a b "How the plug-and-charge feature in the Ford Mustang Mach-E works". TechRepublic. 13 May 2021. Retrieved 22 October 2021.
  11. ^ a b c d Schaal, Sebastian; Carrie Hampel (15 December 2020). "Plug&Charge: The missing link to a breakthrough". electrive.com. from the original on 12 October 2021.
  12. ^ "Practical Considerations for Implementation and Scaling ISO 15118 into a Secure EV Charging Ecosystem" (PDF). ChargePoint et al. 14 May 2019. (PDF) from the original on 22 January 2021.
  13. ^ "ChargeUpEurope perspective" (PDF). ChargeUpEurope.
  14. ^ "Plug&Charge: The missing link to a breakthrough". electrive.com. 15 December 2020. from the original on 26 October 2021.
  15. ^ "Hubject launces Plug&Charge testing system". electrive.com. 17 November 2021.
  16. ^ Mültin, Marc (6 July 2021). "The basics of Plug & Charge | Switch". www.switch-ev.com. from the original on 3 September 2021.
  17. ^ "Mercedes EQS: So funktioniert Plug and Charge". InsideEVs Deutschland (in German). Retrieved 2022-07-05.
  18. ^ "Plug and Charge Eligibility". BMW USA. Retrieved 2024-03-07.
  19. ^ "Plug & Charge with Charge myHyundai makes EV charging more convenient and secure". Hyundai News. Retrieved 2024-03-07.
  20. ^ "Convenient, networked and sustainable: new solutions for charging electric Volkswagen models". Volkswagen Newsroom. Retrieved 2022-07-05.
  21. ^ Grundy, Alice (2021-08-17). "Paua heralds plug & charge as the 'future of EV charging' as it delivers successful trial". Current News. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  22. ^ "DIN SPEC 70121. Electromobility - Digital communication between a d.c. EV charging station and an electric vehicle for control of d.c. charging in the Combined Charging System (CCS)". European Standards. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  23. ^ "The battle between ISO 15118 and DIN SPEC 70121 | Switch". www.switch-ev.com. Retrieved 2022-04-09.
  24. ^ Klingenberg, Mathias (20 June 2022). "Teknologien kan gi en Tesla-opplevelse ved ladestasjonen. Men en av verdens største bilprodusenter vil ikke være med". Tu.no (in Norwegian). Teknisk Ukeblad.
  25. ^ a b "ISO 15118-2:2014". ISO.
  26. ^ "ISO 15118-3:2015". ISO.
  27. ^ "ISO 15118-5:2018". ISO.
  28. ^ a b "Search". ISO.
  29. ^ "ISO 15118-8:2018". ISO.
  30. ^ "ISO/DIS 15118-20". ISO. Retrieved 2019-03-15.
  31. ^ https://www.globalpsa.com/assets/uploads/nr160620.pdf [dead link]
  32. ^ "Electric transport in the Netherlands - 2016 highlights" (PDF). Netherlands Enterprise Agency.

See also edit

January 01, 1970
15118, road, vehicles, vehicle, grid, communication, interface, proposed, international, standard, defining, vehicle, grid, communication, interface, directional, charging, discharging, electric, vehicles, standard, provides, multiple, cases, like, secure, com. ISO 15118 Road vehicles Vehicle to grid communication interface is a proposed international standard defining a vehicle to grid V2G communication interface for bi directional charging discharging of electric vehicles 1 The standard provides multiple use cases like secure communication smart charging and the Plug amp Charge feature used by some electric vehicle networks 2 Plug and Charge logo 2022 Contents 1 Overview 2 V2G PKI 3 Plug amp Charge 4 Standard documents 5 Use of ISO 15118 in heavy duty vehicles 6 References 7 See alsoOverview editISO 15118 is one of the International Electrotechnical Commission s IEC group of standards for electric road vehicles and electric industrial trucks and is the responsibility of Joint Working Group 1 JWG1 V2G of IEC Technical Committee 69 TC69 3 together with subcommittee 31 SC31 4 of the International Organization for Standardization s ISO Technical Committee 22 TC22 5 on road vehicles ISO and IEC began working together on the standard in 2010 6 and a Plug amp Charge section was released in 2014 No automakers had a productive implementation of the standard by 2018 7 needs update V2G PKI editISO 15118 communication can be secured by a TLS connection between EV and electric vehicle supply equipment EVSE clarification needed For the use case Plug amp Charge this is even mandatory The norm clarification needed describes how a needed V2G PKI vehicle to grid Public Key Infrastructure needs to be set up Hubject provided already in 2018 the first productive V2G PKI 8 and the related ecosystem for EU and US 9 The only productive certificate authority for a V2G PKI is currently operated by Hubject Several other companies declared work on a V2G PKI solutions among which CharIn and Gireve Nevertheless charge station operators and automakers can also handle the certificates if they are based on the ISO15118 standard 7 10 11 As of 2019 update and 2020 several Public Key Infrastructure issues remained unsolved for using the standard as proposed 12 13 7 11 clarification needed Plug amp Charge editThe user convenient and secure Plug amp Charge feature envisioned with ISO 15118 enables an electric vehicle to automatically identify and authorize itself to a compatible charging station on behalf of the driver to receive energy for recharging its battery The only action required by the driver is to plug the charging cable into the EV and or charging station because the car and the charger identify themselves to each other by exchanging certificates which were provided beforehand via a certificate pool to facilitate payment 14 An open test system was started where in November 2021 15 The proposed standard can be used for both wired AC and DC charging and wireless charging for electric vehicles 16 Some EV cars support the Plug amp Charge standard including the model year 2021 Porsche Taycan Mercedes Benz EQS 17 Lucid Air and Ford Mustang Mach E 10 Model year 2024 support includes BMW i4 i5 i7 iX 18 and Hyundai Ioniq 6 19 Other electric vehicles could possibly be updated to support the standard including the Volkswagen ID 4 20 Some cars need hardware updates 11 All Tesla vehicles since 2012 before the release of ISO 15118 2 in 2014 have a proprietary version of Plug amp Charge 7 11 Other proprietary solutions exist such as those developed by Paua 21 Besides Tesla alternatives to Plug amp Charge exist including AutoCharge based on DIN Spec 70121 Combined Charging System CCS 22 23 using the car s fixed MAC address which is not a secure mechanism however cars from companies like the Volkswagen Group do not have a fixed MAC address and cannot use AutoCharge 24 Standard documents editISO 15118 consists of the following parts detailed in separate standard documents ISO 15118 1 General information and use case definition 1 ISO 15118 2 Network and application protocol requirements 25 ISO 15118 3 Physical and data link layer requirements 26 ISO 15118 4 Network and application protocol conformance test 25 ISO 15118 5 Physical and data link layer conformance test 27 ISO DIS 15118 6 General information and use case definition for wireless communication out of commission merged with 2nd edition of ISO 15118 1 28 ISO CD 15118 7 Network and application protocol requirements for wireless communication out of commission moved to ISO DIS 15118 20 28 ISO 15118 8 Physical layer and data link layer requirements for wireless communication 29 ISO 15118 20 2nd generation network and application protocol requirements 30 Use of ISO 15118 in heavy duty vehicles editThe ISO 15118 is also used as communication protocol for charging of heavy duty vehicles as Harbor Automated Guided Vehicles 31 Public transportation 32 When using the ISO 15118 in a commercial operation the use of WLAN ISO 15118 8 must be considered carefully since there is no way to guarantee operation uptime when using wireless communication based on WLAN citation needed For these situations the same protocol as for passenger car charging can be used ISO 15118 3 powerline communication References edit a b ISO 15118 1 2019 Road vehicles Vehicle to grid communication interface Part 1 General information and use case definition ISO April 2019 Archived from the original on 26 August 2019 Electric Vehicle Charging Open Payment Framework with ISO 15118 PDF Secure Technology Alliance February 2021 Archived PDF from the original on 2 June 2021 IEC Technical Committee 69 ISO technical committee 22 subcommittee 31 ISO technical committee 22 Multin Marc 6 July 2021 What is ISO 15118 Switch www switch ev com Archived from the original on 23 October 2021 a b c d Berman Bradley 2020 08 11 ISO EV Plug and Charge standard faces security concerns www sae org SAE International Archived from the original on 13 August 2020 Hubject amp Daimler ermoglichen Laden ohne Karte oder App electrive net in German 2018 04 17 Retrieved 2022 07 05 Plug amp Charge Electrify America kooperiert mit Hubject electrive net in German 2019 01 09 Retrieved 2022 07 05 a b How the plug and charge feature in the Ford Mustang Mach E works TechRepublic 13 May 2021 Retrieved 22 October 2021 a b c d Schaal Sebastian Carrie Hampel 15 December 2020 Plug amp Charge The missing link to a breakthrough electrive com Archived from the original on 12 October 2021 Practical Considerations for Implementation and Scaling ISO 15118 into a Secure EV Charging Ecosystem PDF ChargePoint et al 14 May 2019 Archived PDF from the original on 22 January 2021 ChargeUpEurope perspective PDF ChargeUpEurope Plug amp Charge The missing link to a breakthrough electrive com 15 December 2020 Archived from the original on 26 October 2021 Hubject launces Plug amp Charge testing system electrive com 17 November 2021 Multin Marc 6 July 2021 The basics of Plug amp Charge Switch www switch ev com Archived from the original on 3 September 2021 Mercedes EQS So funktioniert Plug and Charge InsideEVs Deutschland in German Retrieved 2022 07 05 Plug and Charge Eligibility BMW USA Retrieved 2024 03 07 Plug amp Charge with Charge myHyundai makes EV charging more convenient and secure Hyundai News Retrieved 2024 03 07 Convenient networked and sustainable new solutions for charging electric Volkswagen models Volkswagen Newsroom Retrieved 2022 07 05 Grundy Alice 2021 08 17 Paua heralds plug amp charge as the future of EV charging as it delivers successful trial Current News Retrieved 1 February 2022 DIN SPEC 70121 Electromobility Digital communication between a d c EV charging station and an electric vehicle for control of d c charging in the Combined Charging System CCS European Standards Retrieved 1 February 2022 The battle between ISO 15118 and DIN SPEC 70121 Switch www switch ev com Retrieved 2022 04 09 Klingenberg Mathias 20 June 2022 Teknologien kan gi en Tesla opplevelse ved ladestasjonen Men en av verdens storste bilprodusenter vil ikke vaere med Tu no in Norwegian Teknisk Ukeblad a b ISO 15118 2 2014 ISO ISO 15118 3 2015 ISO ISO 15118 5 2018 ISO a b Search ISO ISO 15118 8 2018 ISO ISO DIS 15118 20 ISO Retrieved 2019 03 15 https www globalpsa com assets uploads nr160620 pdf dead link Electric transport in the Netherlands 2016 highlights PDF Netherlands Enterprise Agency See also editCombined Charging System CCS IEC 61850 Communication protocols for intelligent electronic devices at electrical substations IEC 61851 Standard for electric vehicle conductive charging systems IEC 63110 Protocol for the management of electric vehicles charging and discharging infrastructure OCPP An application protocol for communication between Electric vehicle EV charging stations and a central management system also known as a charging station network Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title ISO 15118 amp oldid 1218101097, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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