Lophosaurus dilophus, the crowned forest dragon or Indonesian forest dragon, is a large arboreal agamid lizard found in New Guinea and the Moluccan islands, Indonesia.
Lophosaurus dilophus
Lophosaurus dilophus, Lakekamu Basin, Papua New Guinea
A large, short-tailed species with heterogeneous dorsal scalation and a discontinuous vertebral crest. There are several slightly enlarged scales below the tympanum, a row of enlarged submaxillaries and a series of large, lanceolate scales on the anterior edge of the gular pouch.
The species differs from L. boydii in that it lacks large conical scales below the tympanum; it differs from L. spinipes in that it has lanceolate scales on the nuchal and dorsal crests (rather than triangular); and it differs from Hypsilurus in that it has a heterogeneous (rather than homogeneous) dorsal scalation.
Distribution
This species is found in New Guinea and the Moluccan islands, Indonesia. It is present across the entire island of New Guinea, although it appears to have an upper elevation limit of 800 metres. It has been recorded on the Moluccan islands of Aru and Kei, Batanta and Salawati in West Papua Province, Numfoor and Yapen in Papua Province, Indonesian New Guinea and Fergusson island in Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea.[2][3] As this species appears to exhibit an association with rainforest or former rainforest, it is probably absent from the savannah of the Trans-Fly, and no records from this region are known.
Habitat and ecology
Found in lowland and mid-montane primary and secondary rainforest. It is primarily found in the forest interior and regrowth areas, and will persist in areas of garden agriculture with some trees. It is an arboreal species whose prey includes insects and small fruits.[4]
Conservation
Although lowland rainforest in Papua New Guinea is increasingly being cleared for logging and conversion to agriculture, this species is widespread across the island and can persist in some modified habitats, so it's unlikely to be in any imminent danger.
The species is occasionally traded in small numbers from Papua Province in Indonesian New Guinea.[5] It is not CITES-listed and is not legally protected in Indonesia, but the level of trade that has been observed appears unlikely to have a significant effect on wild populations.
Taxonomy
Additional research is needed to clarify the taxonomy of what is more than likely a complex of species.
References
^Oliver, P.; Allison, A.; Tallowin, O. (2018). "Lophosaurus dilophus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22528853A125055879. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T22528853A125055879.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
^Manthey, U., and W. Denzer. 2005 A revision of the Melanesian-Australian angle head lizards of the genus Hypsilurus (Sauria: Agamidae: Amphibolurinae), with description of four new species and one new subspecies. Hamadryad 30: 1-40
^Richards, S. and Dahl, C. 2011. Herpetofauna of the Strickland Basin and Muller Range, Papua New Guinea. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment.
^Allison, A., Bickford, D., Richards, S. and Torr, G. 1998. A biological assessment of the Lakekamu Basin, Papua New Guinea. Conservation International 58-62: 156-172.
^Natusch, D.J.D. and Lyons, J.A. 2012. Exploited for pets. The harvest and trade of amphibians and reptiles from Indonesia New Guinea. Biodiversity Conservation 21: 2899-2911.
Further reading
Barts, M. and Wilms, T. 2003. Die Agamen der Welt. Draco 4 (14): 4-23
Boulenger, G. A. 1885. Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp.
Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1837. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 4. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 570 pp.
Gray, J. E. 1845. Catalogue of the specimens of lizards in the collection of the British Museum. Trustees of die British Museum/Edward Newman, London: xxvii + 289 pp.
Kraus, F. 2013. Further range extensions for reptiles and amphibians from Papua New Guinea. Herpetological Review 44 (2): 277-280
Loveridge, A. 1948. New Guinean reptiles and amphibians in the Museum of Comparative Zoology and United States National Museum. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 101 (2): 305–430.
Macey, J. R., J. A. Schulte II, A. Larson, N. B. Ananjeva, Y. Wang, R. Pethiyagoda, N. Rastegar-Pouy 2000. Evaluating trans-Tethys migration: an example using acrodont lizard phylogenetics. Systematic Biology 49 (2): 233-256
Ord, T. J., D. A. Klomp, J. Garcia-Porta & M. Hagman 2015. Repeated evolution of exaggerated dewlaps and other throat morphology in lizards. J. evol. Biol., doi: 10.1111/jeb.12709.
Pieh, A. and Kirschner, A. 2004. Schädigung einer Winkelkopfagame durch Schuppenameisen. Elaphe 12 (3): 52–53.
de Rooij, N. de 1915. The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. I. Lacertilia, Chelonia, Emydosauria. Leiden (E. J. Brill), xiv + 384 pp.
Roux,J. 1910. Reptilien und Amphibien der Aru- und Kei-Inseln. Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges. (Frankfurt) 33: 211–247.
Shearman, P. and Bryan, J. 2011. A bioregional analysis of the distribution of rainforest cover, deforestation and degradation in Papua New Guinea. Austral Ecology 36: 9-24.
Steiof, C. and W. Grossmann 1992. Das Portrait: Hypsilurus dilophus (Duméril & Bibron). Sauria 14 (4): 1–2.
lophosaurus, dilophus, crowned, forest, dragon, indonesian, forest, dragon, large, arboreal, agamid, lizard, found, guinea, moluccan, islands, indonesia, lakekamu, basin, papua, guineaconservation, statusleast, concern, iucn, scientific, classificationdomain, . Lophosaurus dilophus the crowned forest dragon or Indonesian forest dragon is a large arboreal agamid lizard found in New Guinea and the Moluccan islands Indonesia Lophosaurus dilophusLophosaurus dilophus Lakekamu Basin Papua New GuineaConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ReptiliaOrder SquamataSuborder IguaniaFamily AgamidaeGenus LophosaurusSpecies L dilophusBinomial nameLophosaurus dilophus Dumeril amp Bibron 1837 SynonymsLophyrus dilophus Dumeril amp Bibron 1837 Tiare dilophe Dumeril amp Bibron 1837 Calotes megapogon Schlegel in Dumeril amp Bibron 1837 Tiaris megapogon John Edward Gray 1845 fide Boulenger 1885 Gonocephalus dilophus Adolf Bernard Meyer 1874 Gonyocephalus dilophus Boulenger 1885 Gonyocephalus dilophus De Rooij 1915 Goniocephalus dilophus Loveridge 1948 Gonocephalus dilophus Wermuth 1967 Hypsilurus dilophus Manthey amp Schuster 1999 Hypsilurus dilophus Kraus amp Myers 2012 Lophosaurus dilophus Denzer and Manthey 2016 Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution 3 Habitat and ecology 4 Conservation 5 Taxonomy 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksDescription EditA large short tailed species with heterogeneous dorsal scalation and a discontinuous vertebral crest There are several slightly enlarged scales below the tympanum a row of enlarged submaxillaries and a series of large lanceolate scales on the anterior edge of the gular pouch The species differs from L boydii in that it lacks large conical scales below the tympanum it differs from L spinipes in that it has lanceolate scales on the nuchal and dorsal crests rather than triangular and it differs from Hypsilurus in that it has a heterogeneous rather than homogeneous dorsal scalation Distribution EditThis species is found in New Guinea and the Moluccan islands Indonesia It is present across the entire island of New Guinea although it appears to have an upper elevation limit of 800 metres It has been recorded on the Moluccan islands of Aru and Kei Batanta and Salawati in West Papua Province Numfoor and Yapen in Papua Province Indonesian New Guinea and Fergusson island in Milne Bay Province Papua New Guinea 2 3 As this species appears to exhibit an association with rainforest or former rainforest it is probably absent from the savannah of the Trans Fly and no records from this region are known Habitat and ecology EditFound in lowland and mid montane primary and secondary rainforest It is primarily found in the forest interior and regrowth areas and will persist in areas of garden agriculture with some trees It is an arboreal species whose prey includes insects and small fruits 4 Conservation EditAlthough lowland rainforest in Papua New Guinea is increasingly being cleared for logging and conversion to agriculture this species is widespread across the island and can persist in some modified habitats so it s unlikely to be in any imminent danger The species is occasionally traded in small numbers from Papua Province in Indonesian New Guinea 5 It is not CITES listed and is not legally protected in Indonesia but the level of trade that has been observed appears unlikely to have a significant effect on wild populations Taxonomy EditAdditional research is needed to clarify the taxonomy of what is more than likely a complex of species References Edit Oliver P Allison A Tallowin O 2018 Lophosaurus dilophus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018 e T22528853A125055879 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2018 1 RLTS T22528853A125055879 en Retrieved 20 November 2021 Manthey U and W Denzer 2005 A revision of the Melanesian Australian angle head lizards of the genus Hypsilurus Sauria Agamidae Amphibolurinae with description of four new species and one new subspecies Hamadryad 30 1 40 Richards S and Dahl C 2011 Herpetofauna of the Strickland Basin and Muller Range Papua New Guinea RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment Allison A Bickford D Richards S and Torr G 1998 A biological assessment of the Lakekamu Basin Papua New Guinea Conservation International 58 62 156 172 Natusch D J D and Lyons J A 2012 Exploited for pets The harvest and trade of amphibians and reptiles from Indonesia New Guinea Biodiversity Conservation 21 2899 2911 Further reading EditBarts M and Wilms T 2003 Die Agamen der Welt Draco 4 14 4 23 Boulenger G A 1885 Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum Nat Hist I Geckonidae Eublepharidae Uroplatidae Pygopodidae Agamidae London 450 pp Dumeril A M C and G Bibron 1837 Erpetologie Generale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles Vol 4 Libr Encyclopedique Roret Paris 570 pp Gray J E 1845 Catalogue of the specimens of lizards in the collection of the British Museum Trustees of die British Museum Edward Newman London xxvii 289 pp Kraus F 2013 Further range extensions for reptiles and amphibians from Papua New Guinea Herpetological Review 44 2 277 280 Loveridge A 1948 New Guinean reptiles and amphibians in the Museum of Comparative Zoology and United States National Museum Bull Mus Comp Zool Harvard 101 2 305 430 Macey J R J A Schulte II A Larson N B Ananjeva Y Wang R Pethiyagoda N Rastegar Pouy 2000 Evaluating trans Tethys migration an example using acrodont lizard phylogenetics Systematic Biology 49 2 233 256 Ord T J D A Klomp J Garcia Porta amp M Hagman 2015 Repeated evolution of exaggerated dewlaps and other throat morphology in lizards J evol Biol doi 10 1111 jeb 12709 Pieh A and Kirschner A 2004 Schadigung einer Winkelkopfagame durch Schuppenameisen Elaphe 12 3 52 53 de Rooij N de 1915 The Reptiles of the Indo Australian Archipelago I Lacertilia Chelonia Emydosauria Leiden E J Brill xiv 384 pp Roux J 1910 Reptilien und Amphibien der Aru und Kei Inseln Abh senckenb naturf Ges Frankfurt 33 211 247 Shearman P and Bryan J 2011 A bioregional analysis of the distribution of rainforest cover deforestation and degradation in Papua New Guinea Austral Ecology 36 9 24 Steiof C and W Grossmann 1992 Das Portrait Hypsilurus dilophus Dumeril amp Bibron Sauria 14 4 1 2 External links Edithttp www ncbi nlm nih gov Taxonomy Browser wwwtax cgi id 118208 National Center for Biotechnology Information http www eol org pages 1056237 overview Encyclopedia of life Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lophosaurus dilophus amp oldid 1119172369, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
