Hypatia is a small stone found in Egypt 1996, which may be the first known specimen of a comet nucleus on Earth, although defying physically-accepted models for hypervelocity processing of organic material.[1][2]
Although its status as an extraterrestrial rock is widely accepted, Hypatia is not officially classified as a true meteorite specimen by the Meteoritical Society due to its small size. The original sample was cut apart and sent to multiple labs for study, reducing its original size of approximately 30 grams to about four grams.[5]
ResearchEdit
Tests done in South Africa by researchers Jan Kramers and Georgy Belyanin of the University of Johannesburg show that Hypatia contains microscopic diamonds. Due to the presence of several anomalous isotopic distributions unknown in prior association, some[who?] believe the Hypatia material is necessarily of extraterrestrial origin, although significant terrestrial contamination is dismissed by proponents as being impact-authigenic from incorporation of terrestrial atmosphere, the physics of which are unresolved. Further speculation from comparative summary statistical associations support that Hypatia is a relict fragment of the hypothetical impacting body assumed to have produced the chemically-dissimilar Libyan desert glass.[3] If this association holds, Hypatia may have impacted Earth approximately 28 million years ago.[4] Its unusual chemistry has prompted further speculation that Hypatia may predate the formation of the Solar System.[2]
In 2018 Georgy Belyanin of the University of Johannesburg and colleagues found compounds including polyaromatic hydrocarbons and silicon carbide associated with a previously-unknown nickel phosphide compound. Other observations supporting non-terrestrial origin for the Hypatia samples include ratios of silicon to carbon anti-correlated to terrestrial averages, or those of major planets like Mars or Venus. Some samples of interstellar dust overlap Hypatia distributions, although Hypatia's elemental chemistry also overlaps some terrestrial distributions.[6]
In 2022, Kramers and Andreoli proposed the hypothesis that the Hypatia stone represents the first evidence on Earth of a type Ia supernova explosion.[7]
See alsoEdit
Carbonado – Impure form of polycrystalline diamond consisting of diamond, graphite, and amorphous carbon
^"Libyan desert glass: Diamond-Bearing Pebble Provides Evidence of Comet Striking Earth". sci-news.com, 8 October 2013.
^ ab [https: https:]. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
^ abKramers, Jan D; Andreoli, Marco A.G; Atanasova, Maria; Belyanin, Georgy A; Block, David L; Franklyn, Chris; Harris, Chris; Lekgoathi, Mpho; Montross, Charles S; Ntsoane, Tshepo; Pischedda, Vittoria; Segonyane, Patience; Viljoen, K.S. (Fanus); Westraadt, Johan E (2013). "Unique chemistry of a diamond-bearing pebble from the Libyan Desert Glass strewnfield, SW Egypt: Evidence for a shocked comet fragment". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 382: 21–31. Bibcode:2013E&PSL.382...21K. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.09.003.
^ abCollins, Tim (2018-01-12). "Incredible diamond-studded 'alien' rock has minerals not found anywhere in our star system". NZ Herald. ISSN 1170-0777. Retrieved 2018-01-13.
^See Barakat: "The specimen is of a shiny grey-black colour and irregular shape. It measures roughly 3.5 x 3.2 x 2.1 cm and weights about 30 grams"; Pappas, Stephanie (January 18, 2018). "Out-of-This-World Diamond-Studded Rock Just Got Even Weirder". Live Science. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
^2018 Journal Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 223 462. (Quotation from CERN Courier March 2018)
^Kramers et al. (2022). "The chemistry of the extraterrestrial carbonaceous stone "Hypatia": A perspective on dust heterogeneity in interstellar space". Icarus. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
External linksEdit
Hypatia (stone) images
August 28, 2023
hypatia, stone, other, uses, hypatia, disambiguation, hypatia, small, stone, found, egypt, 1996, which, first, known, specimen, comet, nucleus, earth, although, defying, physically, accepted, models, hypervelocity, processing, organic, material, contents, disc. For other uses see Hypatia disambiguation Hypatia is a small stone found in Egypt 1996 which may be the first known specimen of a comet nucleus on Earth although defying physically accepted models for hypervelocity processing of organic material 1 2 Contents 1 Discovery and name 2 Research 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksDiscovery and name EditHypatia was discovered in December 1996 by Aly A Barakat at 25 20 N 25 30 E 25 333 N 25 500 E 25 333 25 500 directly in proximity to a dark slag like glassy material that was interpreted to be a form of Libyan desert glass 3 The rock was named after Hypatia of Alexandria c 350 370 AD 415 AD the philosopher astronomer mathematician and inventor 4 Although its status as an extraterrestrial rock is widely accepted Hypatia is not officially classified as a true meteorite specimen by the Meteoritical Society due to its small size The original sample was cut apart and sent to multiple labs for study reducing its original size of approximately 30 grams to about four grams 5 Research EditTests done in South Africa by researchers Jan Kramers and Georgy Belyanin of the University of Johannesburg show that Hypatia contains microscopic diamonds Due to the presence of several anomalous isotopic distributions unknown in prior association some who believe the Hypatia material is necessarily of extraterrestrial origin although significant terrestrial contamination is dismissed by proponents as being impact authigenic from incorporation of terrestrial atmosphere the physics of which are unresolved Further speculation from comparative summary statistical associations support that Hypatia is a relict fragment of the hypothetical impacting body assumed to have produced the chemically dissimilar Libyan desert glass 3 If this association holds Hypatia may have impacted Earth approximately 28 million years ago 4 Its unusual chemistry has prompted further speculation that Hypatia may predate the formation of the Solar System 2 In 2018 Georgy Belyanin of the University of Johannesburg and colleagues found compounds including polyaromatic hydrocarbons and silicon carbide associated with a previously unknown nickel phosphide compound Other observations supporting non terrestrial origin for the Hypatia samples include ratios of silicon to carbon anti correlated to terrestrial averages or those of major planets like Mars or Venus Some samples of interstellar dust overlap Hypatia distributions although Hypatia s elemental chemistry also overlaps some terrestrial distributions 6 In 2022 Kramers and Andreoli proposed the hypothesis that the Hypatia stone represents the first evidence on Earth of a type Ia supernova explosion 7 See also EditCarbonado Impure form of polycrystalline diamond consisting of diamond graphite and amorphous carbon Fulgurite Rock type formed by lightning strike Impactite Rock created or modified by impact of a meteorite Libyan desert glass Desert glass found in Libya and Egypt Nova remnant Cosmic matter remnant References Edit Libyan desert glass Diamond Bearing Pebble Provides Evidence of Comet Striking Earth sci news com 8 October 2013 a b https https a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a Check url value help Missing or empty title help a b Kramers Jan D Andreoli Marco A G Atanasova Maria Belyanin Georgy A Block David L Franklyn Chris Harris Chris Lekgoathi Mpho Montross Charles S Ntsoane Tshepo Pischedda Vittoria Segonyane Patience Viljoen K S Fanus Westraadt Johan E 2013 Unique chemistry of a diamond bearing pebble from the Libyan Desert Glass strewnfield SW Egypt Evidence for a shocked comet fragment Earth and Planetary Science Letters 382 21 31 Bibcode 2013E amp PSL 382 21K doi 10 1016 j epsl 2013 09 003 a b Collins Tim 2018 01 12 Incredible diamond studded alien rock has minerals not found anywhere in our star system NZ Herald ISSN 1170 0777 Retrieved 2018 01 13 See Barakat The specimen is of a shiny grey black colour and irregular shape It measures roughly 3 5 x 3 2 x 2 1 cm and weights about 30 grams Pappas Stephanie January 18 2018 Out of This World Diamond Studded Rock Just Got Even Weirder Live Science Retrieved May 25 2022 2018 Journal Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 223 462 Quotation from CERN Courier March 2018 Kramers et al 2022 The chemistry of the extraterrestrial carbonaceous stone Hypatia A perspective on dust heterogeneity in interstellar space Icarus Retrieved May 25 2022 External links EditHypatia stone images Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hypatia stone amp oldid 1116630634, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
