Hybrid tea is an informal horticultural classification for a group of garden roses. The first hybrid tea roses were created in France in the mid-1800s, by cross-breeding the large, floriferous Hybrid Perpetuals with the tall, elegant Tea roses. The Hybrid tea is the oldest class of Modern garden roses. Hybrid teas exhibit traits midway between their parents, being hardier than the often delicate Tea roses, and with a better ability for repeat-flowering than the more robust Hybrid Perpetuals.
"Ingrid Bergman" variety of hybrid tea rose
Hybrid tea flowers are well-formed with large, high-centred buds, supported by long, straight and upright stems. Each flower can grow to 8–12.5 cm wide. Hybrid teas are the largest and most popular group of rose, due to their elegant form and large variety of colours. Their flowers are usually borne singly at the end of long stems which also makes them very popular as cut flowers.
Hybrid tea is an informal horticultural classification for a group of garden roses.[1] Hybrid teas are the largest and most popular rose class, due to their elegant form and large variety of colours. They are known for their long, elegant pointed buds that open slowly. Hybrid teas have a high-centered bloom form and are carried singly or with several side buds.[2] Each flower can grow to 3–8 cm (1–3 in) wide.[3][4] Plants tend to grow quickly and will reach 0.9–2.4 m (3–8 ft) in height in just a few years. Hybrid teas are grown in a large variety of colors, except blue.[5]
Hybrid tea propagation is usually done by budding, a technique that involves grafting buds from a parent plant onto hardy, disease-resistant rootstocks. One such rootstock is R. multiflora. Gardeners can propagate hybrid tea roses on their own roots by taking cuttings in spring, then rooting and growing them in a protected location for their first year. Plants grown from cuttings, are not as hardy as the mother plant, less disease-resistant and may not live as long as grafted plants.[5][6]
History
Early hybrid teas
'La France'
Hybrid teas became a new class of roses in 1879, when British rose breeder, Henry Bennett, introduced ten "Pedigree Hybrids of the Tea Rose" in Stapleford, Wiltshire. Bennett's first attempts at rose breeding on his Wiltshire farm in 1868 were unsuccessful. He visited prominent rose breeders in France from 1870 to 1872 to further his knowledge of rose breeding. Returning home, he constructed heated greenhouses on his farm and expanded his rose breeding program. When he introduced his ten new hybrid tea roses in 1879, they were an immediate success.[7]
'Victor Verdier'
'La France', bred by Jean-Baptiste André Guillot and introduced in France in 1867, has been acknowledged by several rose historians as the first hybrid tea rose.[3][8] Other rose historians have suggested that the earliest hybrid tea roses were developed a decade earlier. These early roses are: 'Elise Masson', 'Léonore d'Este' and 'Gigantique' in 1849 as well as 'Adèle Bougere' in 1852. 'Victor Verdier', bred by Frenchman François Lacharme and introduced in 1859, is a strong candidate for being the first hybrid tea.[9] 'Victor Verdier' was the successful result of a cross between a Hybrid Perpetual and a Tea rose, and was classified as a Hybrid Perpetual when it was first introduced. According to British horticulturalist and rose expert, Graham Stuart Thomas, "In 1859 'Victor Verdier' appeared, and this has sometimes been called the first Hybrid Tea. From this and 'La France', raised in 1867, a small group of varieties were raised, carrying strong Tea influence into the Hybrid Perpetuals."[10]
The modern hybrid tea
'Francis Meilland'
Hybrid tea roses did not become popular until the beginning of the 20th century, when French rose breeder, Joseph Pernet-Ducher, introduced the cultivar 'Soleil d'Or' in 1900. 'Soleil d'Or' is the first yellow rose introduced and the ancestor of the modern hybrid tea rose. Some of Pernet-Ducher's early successes are considered to be two of the most popular of all the 19th century Hybrid tea roses: 'Madame Caroline Testout' (1890) and 'Mme Abel Chatenay' (1895).[11][12] The city of Lyons in France became at the time an epicenter of hybrid tea cultivation with rose growers such as Joseph Bonnaire, Alexandre and Pierre Bernaix, Jean-Baptiste André Guillot or Joseph Schwartz.[13] The rose that made hybrid teas the most popular class of garden rose of the 20th century was the rose Peace, introduced by Francis Meilland at the end of World War II, and is considered to be the most popular rose cultivar of the 20th century.[14]
Dickerson, Brent C. (2001). The Old Rose Advisor, Volume II Updated, Enlarged and Revised Second Edition (2nd ed.). Authors Choice Press. p. 206.
Thomas, Graham Stuart (1994). The Graham Stuart Thomas Rose Book. Timber Press. ISBN978-0881922806.
External links
Media related to Hybrid tea rose at Wikimedia Commons
August 23, 2023
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Hybrid tea is an informal horticultural classification for a group of garden roses The first hybrid tea roses were created in France in the mid 1800s by cross breeding the large floriferous Hybrid Perpetuals with the tall elegant Tea roses The Hybrid tea is the oldest class of Modern garden roses Hybrid teas exhibit traits midway between their parents being hardier than the often delicate Tea roses and with a better ability for repeat flowering than the more robust Hybrid Perpetuals Ingrid Bergman variety of hybrid tea roseHybrid tea flowers are well formed with large high centred buds supported by long straight and upright stems Each flower can grow to 8 12 5 cm wide Hybrid teas are the largest and most popular group of rose due to their elegant form and large variety of colours Their flowers are usually borne singly at the end of long stems which also makes them very popular as cut flowers Contents 1 Description 2 History 2 1 Early hybrid teas 2 2 The modern hybrid tea 3 Selected hybrid tea roses 3 1 Red varieties 3 2 Pink varieties 3 3 Yellow varieties 3 4 Orange varieties 3 5 White varieties 4 Gallery 5 Notes 6 Sources 7 External linksDescription EditHybrid tea is an informal horticultural classification for a group of garden roses 1 Hybrid teas are the largest and most popular rose class due to their elegant form and large variety of colours They are known for their long elegant pointed buds that open slowly Hybrid teas have a high centered bloom form and are carried singly or with several side buds 2 Each flower can grow to 3 8 cm 1 3 in wide 3 4 Plants tend to grow quickly and will reach 0 9 2 4 m 3 8 ft in height in just a few years Hybrid teas are grown in a large variety of colors except blue 5 Hybrid tea propagation is usually done by budding a technique that involves grafting buds from a parent plant onto hardy disease resistant rootstocks One such rootstock is R multiflora Gardeners can propagate hybrid tea roses on their own roots by taking cuttings in spring then rooting and growing them in a protected location for their first year Plants grown from cuttings are not as hardy as the mother plant less disease resistant and may not live as long as grafted plants 5 6 History EditEarly hybrid teas Edit La France Hybrid teas became a new class of roses in 1879 when British rose breeder Henry Bennett introduced ten Pedigree Hybrids of the Tea Rose in Stapleford Wiltshire Bennett s first attempts at rose breeding on his Wiltshire farm in 1868 were unsuccessful He visited prominent rose breeders in France from 1870 to 1872 to further his knowledge of rose breeding Returning home he constructed heated greenhouses on his farm and expanded his rose breeding program When he introduced his ten new hybrid tea roses in 1879 they were an immediate success 7 Victor Verdier La France bred by Jean Baptiste Andre Guillot and introduced in France in 1867 has been acknowledged by several rose historians as the first hybrid tea rose 3 8 Other rose historians have suggested that the earliest hybrid tea roses were developed a decade earlier These early roses are Elise Masson Leonore d Este and Gigantique in 1849 as well as Adele Bougere in 1852 Victor Verdier bred by Frenchman Francois Lacharme and introduced in 1859 is a strong candidate for being the first hybrid tea 9 Victor Verdier was the successful result of a cross between a Hybrid Perpetual and a Tea rose and was classified as a Hybrid Perpetual when it was first introduced According to British horticulturalist and rose expert Graham Stuart Thomas In 1859 Victor Verdier appeared and this has sometimes been called the first Hybrid Tea From this and La France raised in 1867 a small group of varieties were raised carrying strong Tea influence into the Hybrid Perpetuals 10 The modern hybrid tea Edit Francis Meilland Hybrid tea roses did not become popular until the beginning of the 20th century when French rose breeder Joseph Pernet Ducher introduced the cultivar Soleil d Or in 1900 Soleil d Or is the first yellow rose introduced and the ancestor of the modern hybrid tea rose Some of Pernet Ducher s early successes are considered to be two of the most popular of all the 19th century Hybrid tea roses Madame Caroline Testout 1890 and Mme Abel Chatenay 1895 11 12 The city of Lyons in France became at the time an epicenter of hybrid tea cultivation with rose growers such as Joseph Bonnaire Alexandre and Pierre Bernaix Jean Baptiste Andre Guillot or Joseph Schwartz 13 The rose that made hybrid teas the most popular class of garden rose of the 20th century was the rose Peace introduced by Francis Meilland at the end of World War II and is considered to be the most popular rose cultivar of the 20th century 14 The most important modern hybrid tea rose breeders of the 20th century are William Warriner the Sam McGredy family Tom Carruth the Meilland family Mathias Tantau Wilhelm Kordes Harkness Roses Cants of Colchester and Dickson Roses Among the most popular of the 20th century hybrid teas include George Dickson 1912 Etoile de Hollande 1919 Dainty Bess 1925 Crimson Glory 1935 Ena Harkness 1946 Just Joey 1972 Double Delight 1977 Brigadoon 1991 and Francis Meilland 2006 15 Selected hybrid tea roses EditRed varieties Edit Chrysler Imperial Mister Lincoln Precious Platinum Double Delight Olympiad Black Bacarra Papa Meilland Oklahoma Pink varieties Edit Royal Highness Paul Transon First Prize Perfume Delight Duet Miss All American Beauty Yellow varieties Edit King s Ransom Elina Peace Henry Fonda Orange varieties Edit Voodoo Fragrant Cloud Just Joey Tequila Sunrise White varieties Edit Pascali Pope John Paul II Honor Garden Party Gallery Edit Soleil d Or Sugar Moon Perfume Delight Peace Fontaline Rosa Pascali Julia Child Francis Meilland Fragrant Cloud Just Joey Oregold Double Delight Precious Platinum Alpine Sunset John F Kennedy Tequila Sunrise Notes Edit Classification of genera Royal Horticultural Society Archived from the original on 2012 04 26 Retrieved 2012 03 16 Hybrid Tea Roses New South Wales Rose Society Retrieved 14 December 2021 a b Phillips amp Rix 1993 p 148 D G Hessayon The Rose Expert Mohn Media Mohndrunk p 9 a b Hybrid Tea Rose Plant Profile The Spruce Retrieved 14 December 2021 Propagating roses by cutting PDF University of California Retrieved 14 December 2021 Dickerson 2001 p 96 Quest Ritson amp Quest Ritson 2003 p 222 Dickerson 2001 pp 204 205 Thomas 1994 p 139 Quest Ritson amp Quest Ritson 2003 p 307 Phillips amp Rix 1993 p 114 Nathalie Ferrand Createurs de roses a la conquete des marches 1820 1939 Presses universitaires de Grenoble coll La Pierre amp L Ecrit 2015 Belendez Kitty That Wonderful Rose Named Peace Pacific Rose Society Retrieved 30 December 2021 Phillips amp Rix 1993 pp 152 155 163 166 168 174 Sources EditQuest Ritson Brigid Quest Ritson Charles 2003 Encyclopedia of Roses DK Publishing p 222 ISBN 978 0756688684 Phillips Roger Rix Martyn 1993 The Quest for the Rose Random House p 113 ISBN 978 0 679 43573 0 Dickerson Brent C 2001 The Old Rose Advisor Volume II Updated Enlarged and Revised Second Edition 2nd ed Authors Choice Press p 206 Thomas Graham Stuart 1994 The Graham Stuart Thomas Rose Book Timber Press ISBN 978 0881922806 External links Edit Media related to Hybrid tea rose at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hybrid tea rose amp oldid 1124926290, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
