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Yamato Hotel incident

January 01, 1970

The Hotel Yamato incident was the tearing of the blue colour of the Dutch flag flying at Hotel Yamato (now Hotel Majapahit) on 19 September 1945, which was preceded by the failure of negotiations between Soedirman (Surabaya residency) and W. V. C. Ploegman[1] to lower the Dutch flag.[2]

Hotel Yamato (now called Hotel Majapahit) with text commemorating the incident

Chronology of events edit

Indonesian flag-raising movement edit

After the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence and the issuance of the Sukarno government edict on 31 August 1945 which stipulated that from 1 September 1945 the national flag, Sang Merah Putih, would be flown throughout Indonesia, the flag-raising movement expanded to all corners of Surabaya.

In various strategic places and other places the Indonesian flag was raised. Among others, on the upper terrace of the Karesidenan Office Building (Syucokan office, the current Governor's building, Pahlawan Street) located in front of the Kempeitai building (now Heroes Monument), on top of the Internatio Building, followed by a line of youth from all over Surabaya carrying the Indonesian flag coming to Tambaksari (Gelora 10 November Stadium) to attend a giant meeting organised by Barisan Pemuda Surabaya.

During the meeting, the Tambaksari field was full of waving red and white flags accompanied by chants of 'Merdeka' shouted by the masses. The Kempeitai, who had banned the meeting, was unable to stop and disperse the mass of Surabaya people. The climax of the flag-raising movement in Surabaya then occurred in the flag-tearing incident at Yamato Hotel (now named Majapahit Hotel) on Tunjungan Street, no. 65, Surabaya.

The arrival of Allied troops edit

See also: Indonesian National Revolution

Initially the Japanese and Indo-Dutch who had come out of internment set up an organisation, the Social Contact Committee, which received full support from the Japanese. The formation of this committee was sponsored by the International Red Cross. However, under the cover of the Red Cross, they engaged in political activities. They tried to take over warehouses and some places they had occupied, such as the Yamato Hotel. On 18 September 1945, Allied and Dutch officers from AFNEI (Allied Forces Netherlands East Indies) arrived in Surabaya together with a Red Cross delegation from Jakarta.[3]

The Allied group was housed by the Japanese administration in Surabaya at the Yamato Hotel, Jl Tunjungan 65, while the Intercross group at the Setan Building, Jl Tunjungan 80 Surabaya, without the permission of the Surabaya Karesidenan Government. And since then Yamato Hotel was used as the headquarters of the Recovery of Allied Prisoners of War and Internees (RAPWI) operation.[4][5]

Raising the Dutch flag edit

A group of Dutch people under the leadership of W. V. C. Ploegman on the evening of 19 September 1945, at 21.00, raised the Dutch flag, without the consent of the Surabaya Regional Indonesian Government, on the top level of the Yamato Hotel, on the north side. The next day, many of the Surabayan Pemuda (Youth) saw it and became angry because they considered that the Dutch had insulted Indonesian sovereignty, wanted to restore power back in Indonesia, and harassed the Red and White flag-raising movement that was taking place in Surabaya.[6]

The failure of Sudirman and Ploegman's negotiation edit

After the gathering of the masses, Soedirman, who was the Surabaya Regional Resident of the Indonesian Government who at that time served as Deputy Resident (Fuku Syuco Gunseikan) who was still recognised by the Dai Nippon Surabaya Syu government, came through the crowd and entered the Yamato hotel escorted by Sidik and Hariyono. As a representative of Indonesia, he conferred with Ploegman and his friends and requested that the Dutch flag be immediately lowered from the Yamato Hotel building. Ploegman refused to lower the Dutch flag and refused to recognise Indonesian sovereignty. The negotiations became heated, Ploegman pulled out a pistol, and a fight broke out in the negotiation room. Ploegman was strangled to death by Sidik, who was later killed by a Dutch soldier on guard who heard Ploegman's gun, while Sudirman and Hariyono fled outside Hotel Yamato.[5][7][8]

Tearing of the Dutch Flag edit

 
The raising of the Indonesian flag after the Dutch flag was torn from its blue colours at the Yamato hotel
 
The Dutch flag turned into the Indonesian flag by removal of the blue stripe prior to the Battle of Surabaya in 1945.

Outside the hotel, the youths who knew about the breakdown of the negotiations immediately broke into the Yamato Hotel and a fight broke out in the hotel lobby. Some of the youths scrambled up to the top of the hotel to take down the Dutch flag. Hariyono, who had been with Sudirman, returned to the hotel and became involved in climbing the flagpole and together with Kusno Wibowo managed to lower the Dutch flag, tear off the blue part, and hoist it to the top of the pole again. This was greeted by the crowd below the hotel with repeated chants of 'Merdeka'.[5]

The role of events in the Indonesian War of Independence edit

See also: Battle of Surabaya

After the incident at the Yamato Hotel, on 27 October 1945, the first battle between Indonesia and the AFNEI troops erupted. The small attacks turned into a generalised attack that claimed many casualties both in the Indonesian and British military as well as civilians on the Indonesian side. Eventually Major General D.C. Hawthorn (the commander of the 23rd British Indian Division) asked President Sukarno for help to defuse the situation and call a ceasefire.[6] The ceasefire failed and coupled with the death of Brigadier General Mallaby, resulted in the issuance of the 10 November ultimatum by the British and eventually the largest and heaviest Battle of Surabaya in the history of the Indonesian War of Independence. To commemorate it, the date of the event was designated as Heroes' Day.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Media, Kompas Cyber (2021-07-31). "Insiden Hotel Yamato, Perobekan Bendera Belanda di Surabaya Halaman all". KOMPAS.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2023-05-04.
  2. ^ "Meluruskan Peristiwa Insiden Bendera di Surabaya". Historia - Majalah Sejarah Populer Pertama di Indonesia (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-10-25.
  3. ^ "Insiden Hotel Yamato: Ulah Belanda Bikin Murka Arek-Arek Surabaya". Tirto.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-08-18.
  4. ^ "RAPWI". RFHG. 2015-07-07. Retrieved 2023-05-04.
  5. ^ a b c "Insiden Hotel Yamato: Ulah Belanda Bikin Murka Arek-Arek Surabaya". Tirto.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-08-18.
  6. ^ a b "BPS kabupaten Karanganyar". karanganyarkab.bps.go.id. Retrieved 2020-10-25.
  7. ^ Pratama, Aswab Nanda. Galih, Bayu (ed.). "Hari Ini dalam Sejarah: Insiden Hotel Yamato, Pemicu Aksi 10 November 1945". Kompas.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2020-10-25.
  8. ^ "Sejarah Hari Pahlawan, dari Penyobekan Bendera hingga Pertempuran di Surabaya". Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Jawa Barat. Retrieved 2020-10-25.

January 01, 1970
yamato, hotel, incident, hotel, yamato, incident, tearing, blue, colour, dutch, flag, flying, hotel, yamato, hotel, majapahit, september, 1945, which, preceded, failure, negotiations, between, soedirman, surabaya, residency, ploegman, lower, dutch, flag, hotel. The Hotel Yamato incident was the tearing of the blue colour of the Dutch flag flying at Hotel Yamato now Hotel Majapahit on 19 September 1945 which was preceded by the failure of negotiations between Soedirman Surabaya residency and W V C Ploegman 1 to lower the Dutch flag 2 Hotel Yamato now called Hotel Majapahit with text commemorating the incident Contents 1 Chronology of events 1 1 Indonesian flag raising movement 1 2 The arrival of Allied troops 1 3 Raising the Dutch flag 1 4 The failure of Sudirman and Ploegman s negotiation 1 5 Tearing of the Dutch Flag 2 The role of events in the Indonesian War of Independence 3 See also 4 ReferencesChronology of events editIndonesian flag raising movement edit After the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence and the issuance of the Sukarno government edict on 31 August 1945 which stipulated that from 1 September 1945 the national flag Sang Merah Putih would be flown throughout Indonesia the flag raising movement expanded to all corners of Surabaya In various strategic places and other places the Indonesian flag was raised Among others on the upper terrace of the Karesidenan Office Building Syucokan office the current Governor s building Pahlawan Street located in front of the Kempeitai building now Heroes Monument on top of the Internatio Building followed by a line of youth from all over Surabaya carrying the Indonesian flag coming to Tambaksari Gelora 10 November Stadium to attend a giant meeting organised by Barisan Pemuda Surabaya During the meeting the Tambaksari field was full of waving red and white flags accompanied by chants of Merdeka shouted by the masses The Kempeitai who had banned the meeting was unable to stop and disperse the mass of Surabaya people The climax of the flag raising movement in Surabaya then occurred in the flag tearing incident at Yamato Hotel now named Majapahit Hotel on Tunjungan Street no 65 Surabaya The arrival of Allied troops edit See also Indonesian National Revolution Initially the Japanese and Indo Dutch who had come out of internment set up an organisation the Social Contact Committee which received full support from the Japanese The formation of this committee was sponsored by the International Red Cross However under the cover of the Red Cross they engaged in political activities They tried to take over warehouses and some places they had occupied such as the Yamato Hotel On 18 September 1945 Allied and Dutch officers from AFNEI Allied Forces Netherlands East Indies arrived in Surabaya together with a Red Cross delegation from Jakarta 3 The Allied group was housed by the Japanese administration in Surabaya at the Yamato Hotel Jl Tunjungan 65 while the Intercross group at the Setan Building Jl Tunjungan 80 Surabaya without the permission of the Surabaya Karesidenan Government And since then Yamato Hotel was used as the headquarters of the Recovery of Allied Prisoners of War and Internees RAPWI operation 4 5 Raising the Dutch flag edit A group of Dutch people under the leadership of W V C Ploegman on the evening of 19 September 1945 at 21 00 raised the Dutch flag without the consent of the Surabaya Regional Indonesian Government on the top level of the Yamato Hotel on the north side The next day many of the Surabayan Pemuda Youth saw it and became angry because they considered that the Dutch had insulted Indonesian sovereignty wanted to restore power back in Indonesia and harassed the Red and White flag raising movement that was taking place in Surabaya 6 The failure of Sudirman and Ploegman s negotiation edit After the gathering of the masses Soedirman who was the Surabaya Regional Resident of the Indonesian Government who at that time served as Deputy Resident Fuku Syuco Gunseikan who was still recognised by the Dai Nippon Surabaya Syu government came through the crowd and entered the Yamato hotel escorted by Sidik and Hariyono As a representative of Indonesia he conferred with Ploegman and his friends and requested that the Dutch flag be immediately lowered from the Yamato Hotel building Ploegman refused to lower the Dutch flag and refused to recognise Indonesian sovereignty The negotiations became heated Ploegman pulled out a pistol and a fight broke out in the negotiation room Ploegman was strangled to death by Sidik who was later killed by a Dutch soldier on guard who heard Ploegman s gun while Sudirman and Hariyono fled outside Hotel Yamato 5 7 8 Tearing of the Dutch Flag edit nbsp The raising of the Indonesian flag after the Dutch flag was torn from its blue colours at the Yamato hotel nbsp The Dutch flag turned into the Indonesian flag by removal of the blue stripe prior to the Battle of Surabaya in 1945 Outside the hotel the youths who knew about the breakdown of the negotiations immediately broke into the Yamato Hotel and a fight broke out in the hotel lobby Some of the youths scrambled up to the top of the hotel to take down the Dutch flag Hariyono who had been with Sudirman returned to the hotel and became involved in climbing the flagpole and together with Kusno Wibowo managed to lower the Dutch flag tear off the blue part and hoist it to the top of the pole again This was greeted by the crowd below the hotel with repeated chants of Merdeka 5 The role of events in the Indonesian War of Independence editSee also Battle of Surabaya After the incident at the Yamato Hotel on 27 October 1945 the first battle between Indonesia and the AFNEI troops erupted The small attacks turned into a generalised attack that claimed many casualties both in the Indonesian and British military as well as civilians on the Indonesian side Eventually Major General D C Hawthorn the commander of the 23rd British Indian Division asked President Sukarno for help to defuse the situation and call a ceasefire 6 The ceasefire failed and coupled with the death of Brigadier General Mallaby resulted in the issuance of the 10 November ultimatum by the British and eventually the largest and heaviest Battle of Surabaya in the history of the Indonesian War of Independence To commemorate it the date of the event was designated as Heroes Day See also edit10 November Incident Flag of Indonesia Flag of the NetherlandsReferences edit Media Kompas Cyber 2021 07 31 Insiden Hotel Yamato Perobekan Bendera Belanda di Surabaya Halaman all KOMPAS com in Indonesian Retrieved 2023 05 04 Meluruskan Peristiwa Insiden Bendera di Surabaya Historia Majalah Sejarah Populer Pertama di Indonesia in Indonesian Retrieved 2020 10 25 Insiden Hotel Yamato Ulah Belanda Bikin Murka Arek Arek Surabaya Tirto id in Indonesian Retrieved 2020 08 18 RAPWI RFHG 2015 07 07 Retrieved 2023 05 04 a b c Insiden Hotel Yamato Ulah Belanda Bikin Murka Arek Arek Surabaya Tirto id in Indonesian Retrieved 2020 08 18 a b BPS kabupaten Karanganyar karanganyarkab bps go id Retrieved 2020 10 25 Pratama Aswab Nanda Galih Bayu ed Hari Ini dalam Sejarah Insiden Hotel Yamato Pemicu Aksi 10 November 1945 Kompas com in Indonesian Retrieved 2020 10 25 Sejarah Hari Pahlawan dari Penyobekan Bendera hingga Pertempuran di Surabaya Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Jawa Barat Retrieved 2020 10 25 This article needs additional or more specific categories Please help out by adding categories to it so that it can be listed with similar articles May 2023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yamato Hotel incident amp oldid 1210003117, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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