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Homunculus C.F.

April 09, 2024

Julia Perry's Homunculus C.F., scored for harp, celesta/piano, and eight additional percussionists, was composed during the summer of 1960 in Akron, Ohio, and completed in 1961.[1] It was during this time that Perry was living in an apartment above her father's medical office. In Perry's record liner notes, she stated, "Having selected percussion instruments for my formulae, then maneuvering and distilling them by means of the 'Chord of the Fifteenth' (C.F.), this musical test tube baby was brought to life."[2]

Instrumentation edit

The piece is scored for four timpani, a small and large suspended cymbal, two medium cymbals, snare drum, bass drum, small and large wood blocks, xylophone, celesta/piano, vibraphone, and harp.[3]

Significance edit

This particular piece was a watershed work for Perry as she focused her attention toward more experimental music. Perry described the piece as "pantonal".[4]

History edit

According to Perry's notes on the piece, the "clinical surroundings" of her living quarters above her father's medical office reminded her of the scene in part 2 of Goethe's Faust in which Wagner, Faust's apprentice, brings life to Homunculus (Latin for "little man") through alchemy. As in the process of alchemy, Perry's style of composition displays an "unfolding" of material.[5]

Structure edit

The piece is composed in four sections around Perry's theme of the "Chord of the Fifteenth", which alternates the use of major and minor thirds beginning on E4, above middle C.[5] The A section (mm. 1–40) is rhythmic in nature, using only unpitched percussion, then leading to a transition (mm. 41–60) that adds three pitches (D-sharp, G-sharp, and F-sharp) through the timpani; the B section is melodic in nature, using duets between the timpani, harp, and celesta/piano (mm. 61–94). Harmony is the theme for the C section (mm. 95–105), featuring an increasingly dense texture while presenting the first four pitches in the chord only; and the fourth and final section combines each element of harmony, melody, and rhythm in a recapitulation, while introducing the remaining pitches of the chord upon which the work is based (A-sharp, C-sharp, and E-sharp).[6] The final phrase (mm. 171–180) builds to the climax that includes all ten performers and all eight pitches in m. 177,[7] signifying the "creation" of Homunculus.[6]

 
Chord of the Fifteenth

Perry's "Chord of the Fifteenth" is a structural chord built on E and consists of a major third, a perfect fifth, a major seventh (with a minor seventh appearing frequently in one section), a major ninth, an augmented eleventh, a major thirteenth, and an augmented fifteenth.[7]

Recordings and performances edit

Homunculus C.F. was recorded by the Manhattan Percussion Ensemble (1960), conducted by Paul Price. Norman Bergen performed the celesta part on the original recording with the Manhattan Percussion Ensemble, dated January 28, 1965 at Steinway Hall. Bergen stated in a 2014 interview that Perry did attend the recording session. He remembered her as, "a tall, thin woman with short hair; very nice! She made me feel comfortable and knew how to speak to young musicians so we would not be intimidated."

Homunculus C.F. was recorded by the Manhattan Percussion Ensemble on January 28, 1965, at Steinway Hall, 57th Street, conducted by Paul Price.

References edit

Notes

  1. ^ Denby Green, p. 409
  2. ^ Walker-Hill, p. 113
  3. ^ Homunculus C.F., musical score
  4. ^ Ammer, p. 179
  5. ^ a b Floyd, pp. 920–921
  6. ^ a b Floyd, p. 921
  7. ^ a b Denby Green, p. 334

Sources

  • Ammer, Christine. Unsung: A History of Women in American Music. Amadeus Press. Hong Kong: 2001. ISBN 1574670611
  • Briscoe, James. R. Historical Anthology of Music by Women. Indiana University Press. Bloomington:1987.
  • Denby Green, Mildred. Julia Amanda Perry. Historical Anthology of Music by Women. ed. James Briscoe. Indiana University Press. Bloomington: 1987.
  • Floyd, Jr., Samuel. International Dictionary of Black Composers, vol. 2. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. 1999. OCLC 832432129
  • Hayes, Eileen M. and Linda F. Williams. Black Women and Music: More Than the Blues. University of Illinois: 2007. ISBN 978-0-252-07426-4
  • Pendle, Karin. Women & Music: A History. 2nd edition. Indiana University Press. Bloomington: 2001. ISBN 978-0253214225
  • Perry, Julia. Homunculus C.F. for percussion and harp. Southern Music Publishing Co. 1966.
  • Walker-Hill, Helen. From Spirituals to Symphonies: African-American Women Composers and Their Music. Greenwood Press. Westport, Connecticut: 2002. ISBN 978-0-313-29947-6

External links edit

  • Julia Amanda Perry on New Historical Anthology of Music by Women, Volume 1,edited by James R. Briscoe

April 09, 2024
homunculus, julia, perry, scored, harp, celesta, piano, eight, additional, percussionists, composed, during, summer, 1960, akron, ohio, completed, 1961, during, this, time, that, perry, living, apartment, above, father, medical, office, perry, record, liner, n. Julia Perry s Homunculus C F scored for harp celesta piano and eight additional percussionists was composed during the summer of 1960 in Akron Ohio and completed in 1961 1 It was during this time that Perry was living in an apartment above her father s medical office In Perry s record liner notes she stated Having selected percussion instruments for my formulae then maneuvering and distilling them by means of the Chord of the Fifteenth C F this musical test tube baby was brought to life 2 Contents 1 Instrumentation 2 Significance 3 History 4 Structure 5 Recordings and performances 6 References 7 External linksInstrumentation editThe piece is scored for four timpani a small and large suspended cymbal two medium cymbals snare drum bass drum small and large wood blocks xylophone celesta piano vibraphone and harp 3 Significance editThis particular piece was a watershed work for Perry as she focused her attention toward more experimental music Perry described the piece as pantonal 4 History editAccording to Perry s notes on the piece the clinical surroundings of her living quarters above her father s medical office reminded her of the scene in part 2 of Goethe s Faust in which Wagner Faust s apprentice brings life to Homunculus Latin for little man through alchemy As in the process of alchemy Perry s style of composition displays an unfolding of material 5 Structure editThe piece is composed in four sections around Perry s theme of the Chord of the Fifteenth which alternates the use of major and minor thirds beginning on E4 above middle C 5 The A section mm 1 40 is rhythmic in nature using only unpitched percussion then leading to a transition mm 41 60 that adds three pitches D sharp G sharp and F sharp through the timpani the B section is melodic in nature using duets between the timpani harp and celesta piano mm 61 94 Harmony is the theme for the C section mm 95 105 featuring an increasingly dense texture while presenting the first four pitches in the chord only and the fourth and final section combines each element of harmony melody and rhythm in a recapitulation while introducing the remaining pitches of the chord upon which the work is based A sharp C sharp and E sharp 6 The final phrase mm 171 180 builds to the climax that includes all ten performers and all eight pitches in m 177 7 signifying the creation of Homunculus 6 nbsp Chord of the FifteenthPerry s Chord of the Fifteenth is a structural chord built on E and consists of a major third a perfect fifth a major seventh with a minor seventh appearing frequently in one section a major ninth an augmented eleventh a major thirteenth and an augmented fifteenth 7 Recordings and performances editHomunculus C F was recorded by the Manhattan Percussion Ensemble 1960 conducted by Paul Price Norman Bergen performed the celesta part on the original recording with the Manhattan Percussion Ensemble dated January 28 1965 at Steinway Hall Bergen stated in a 2014 interview that Perry did attend the recording session He remembered her as a tall thin woman with short hair very nice She made me feel comfortable and knew how to speak to young musicians so we would not be intimidated Homunculus C F was recorded by the Manhattan Percussion Ensemble on January 28 1965 at Steinway Hall 57th Street conducted by Paul Price References editNotes Denby Green p 409 Walker Hill p 113 Homunculus C F musical score Ammer p 179 a b Floyd pp 920 921 a b Floyd p 921 a b Denby Green p 334 Sources Ammer Christine Unsung A History of Women in American Music Amadeus Press Hong Kong 2001 ISBN 1574670611 Briscoe James R Historical Anthology of Music by Women Indiana University Press Bloomington 1987 Denby Green Mildred Julia Amanda Perry Historical Anthology of Music by Women ed James Briscoe Indiana University Press Bloomington 1987 Floyd Jr Samuel International Dictionary of Black Composers vol 2 Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers 1999 OCLC 832432129 Hayes Eileen M and Linda F Williams Black Women and Music More Than the Blues University of Illinois 2007 ISBN 978 0 252 07426 4 Pendle Karin Women amp Music A History 2nd edition Indiana University Press Bloomington 2001 ISBN 978 0253214225 Perry Julia Homunculus C F for percussion and harp Southern Music Publishing Co 1966 Walker Hill Helen From Spirituals to Symphonies African American Women Composers and Their Music Greenwood Press Westport Connecticut 2002 ISBN 978 0 313 29947 6External links editHomunculus C F on YouTubeJulia Amanda Perry on New Historical Anthology of Music by Women Volume 1 edited by James R Briscoe Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Homunculus C F amp oldid 1176984205, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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