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Hitpun

In Mandaean cosmology, Hiṭpun (Hiṭfun) or Hiṭpon (Hiṭfon) (Classical Mandaic: ࡄࡉࡈࡐࡅࡍ) is a great dividing river separating the World of Darkness from the World of Light.[1] It is mentioned in Hymn 25 of the third book of the Left Ginza.[2] The river of Hiṭfon is analogous to the river Styx in Greek mythology and Hubur in Mesopotamian mythology.

An 18th-century manuscript of the Scroll of Abatur in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. The illustration on top depicts the ship Shahrat ferrying Mandaean souls across the Hitpun towards the house of Abatur, while the lower illustration shows the tree of Shatrin with the souls of unbaptized children.

It is also known as hapiqia mia or hafiqia mia (Classical Mandaic: ࡄࡐࡉࡒࡉࡀ ࡌࡉࡀ), which means "streams/springs of water" or "outflowing water." The water is fresh, and is located in a realm that is situated between Abatur's and Yushamin's realms.[3]

In Mandaean scriptures edit

The Scroll of Abatur has many illustrations of boats ferrying souls across this river.[3]

According to the 1012 Questions, masiqta rituals are needed to guide departed souls across the river and into the World of Light.[4]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Al-Saadi, Qais Mughashghash; Al-Saadi, Hamed Mughashghash (2012). Ginza Rabba: The Great Treasure. An equivalent translation of the Mandaean Holy Book. Drabsha.
  2. ^ Gelbert, Carlos (2011). Ginza Rba. Sydney: Living Water Books. ISBN 9780958034630.
  3. ^ a b Aldihisi, Sabah (2008). The story of creation in the Mandaean holy book in the Ginza Rba (PhD). University College London.
  4. ^ Drower, Ethel S. (1960). The Thousand and Twelve Questions: A Mandaean Text (Alf Trisar Šuialia). Berlin: Akademie Verlag.


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