Hisham was born April 26, 757 in Cordoba. He was the first son of Abd al-Rahman I (r. 756-788) and his wife, Halul, and the younger half brother of Suleiman.
At the beginning of his reign, in 788, he faced rebellions from his brothers, Suleiman and 'Abd Allah.[4]
Hisham ibn Abd al-Rahman imaginary portrait
Expedition to Septimaniaedit
Faced with Carolingian penetration south across the western and eastern Pyrenees, in 793 he called a jihad against the Christian Franks, sent over troops to Girona and Narbonne, but those strongholds stood firm. The Umayyad general Abd al-Malik ibn Abd al-Wahid ibn Mughith was more fortunate on his approach to Carcassonne, where he defeated Louis the Pious' Carolingian mentor William of Orange. However, surprisingly, the expedition did not advance deeper into Carolingian territory, but resulted in hefty loot and numerous slaves, which in turn provided the funds to expand the Great Mosque of Cordoba[5] and build many mosques.
Expeditions against Asturians and Basquesedit
As of 794, his generals, the above-mentioned Abd al-Malik and his brother Abd al-Karim ibn Abd al-Wahid ibn Mughith, campaigned every year of his reign against the northern principalities, namely Álava, Old Castile, and Asturias, deep into the last's newly established capital city of Oviedo (794). The city in turn was sacked. Alfonso II of Asturias fled, and initiated contacts with Charlemagne. These expeditions didn't aim to destroy the northern Christian principalities, but seem to have been a goal in themselves, raids for the purpose of amassing loot and re-asserting Cordovan military superiority over both restive local Andalusian garrisons and lords prone to detachment, the Kingdom of Asturias, and the Basques.
Death and assessmentedit
Hisham died in 796 C.E. at the age of forty, after a rule of eight years.[6] He was a prototype of Umar II, and strove to establish the Islamic way of life, living simply and avoiding ostentation. He was a God-fearing man and was known for his impartial justice and sound administration. After his death, 'Abd Allah returned from exile and claimed Valencia and Suleiman claimed Tangiers against Hisham's son, al-Hakam I.[6]
Hisham was a model of righteousness and a loyal prince. He lived in hopes of salvation and at the time of his succession to the throne, he believed, on the basis of his horoscope, that he had just eight years to live. He, therefore, abandoned all earthly enjoyments and sought redemption through charitable giving. He wore the simplest clothes, he would walk alone through the roads of Cordova, mingle with the ordinary people, visit the sick, enter the dwellings of the poor, and with genuine concern showed interest in all of their needs, requests, and complaints. At night, even in the pouring rain, he would take food from his palace and bring it to the poor. He was prompt in his religious duties, he urged his subjects to follow his example, and on rainy nights would dispense his wealth to those taking part in evening services at the mosques. After eight years, Hisham died as predicted and left to his successor a respectable kingdom.[citation needed]
hisham, córdoba, caliph, hisham, malik, hisham, reda, rahman, arabic, هشام, بن, عبد, الرحمن, الداخل, second, emir, cordoba, ruling, from, andalus, hisham, reda, هشام, بن, عبد, الرحمن, الداخلdirham, emir, córdobareign6, october, april, 796predecessorabd, rahman. For the caliph see Hisham ibn Abd al Malik Hisham I Al Reda ibn Abd ar Rahman Arabic هشام بن عبد الرحمن الداخل was the second Emir of Cordoba ruling from 788 to 796 in al Andalus 3 Hisham I Al Reda هشام بن عبد الرحمن الداخلDirham of Hisham I of Cordoba2nd Emir of CordobaReign6 October 788 1 16 April 796PredecessorAbd al Rahman ISuccessoral Hakam IBornApril 26 757CordobaDiedApril 16 796 796 04 16 aged 38 2 CordobaIssueAl Hakam IDynastyUmayyadFatherAbd ar Rahman IMotherHalulReligionIslamHisham was born April 26 757 in Cordoba He was the first son of Abd al Rahman I r 756 788 and his wife Halul and the younger half brother of Suleiman Contents 1 Domestic rebellions 2 Expedition to Septimania 3 Expeditions against Asturians and Basques 4 Death and assessment 5 ReferencesDomestic rebellions editAt the beginning of his reign in 788 he faced rebellions from his brothers Suleiman and Abd Allah 4 nbsp Hisham ibn Abd al Rahman imaginary portraitExpedition to Septimania editFaced with Carolingian penetration south across the western and eastern Pyrenees in 793 he called a jihad against the Christian Franks sent over troops to Girona and Narbonne but those strongholds stood firm The Umayyad general Abd al Malik ibn Abd al Wahid ibn Mughith was more fortunate on his approach to Carcassonne where he defeated Louis the Pious Carolingian mentor William of Orange However surprisingly the expedition did not advance deeper into Carolingian territory but resulted in hefty loot and numerous slaves which in turn provided the funds to expand the Great Mosque of Cordoba 5 and build many mosques Expeditions against Asturians and Basques editAs of 794 his generals the above mentioned Abd al Malik and his brother Abd al Karim ibn Abd al Wahid ibn Mughith campaigned every year of his reign against the northern principalities namely Alava Old Castile and Asturias deep into the last s newly established capital city of Oviedo 794 The city in turn was sacked Alfonso II of Asturias fled and initiated contacts with Charlemagne These expeditions didn t aim to destroy the northern Christian principalities but seem to have been a goal in themselves raids for the purpose of amassing loot and re asserting Cordovan military superiority over both restive local Andalusian garrisons and lords prone to detachment the Kingdom of Asturias and the Basques Death and assessment editHisham died in 796 C E at the age of forty after a rule of eight years 6 He was a prototype of Umar II and strove to establish the Islamic way of life living simply and avoiding ostentation He was a God fearing man and was known for his impartial justice and sound administration After his death Abd Allah returned from exile and claimed Valencia and Suleiman claimed Tangiers against Hisham s son al Hakam I 6 Hisham was dubbed the just citation needed Hisham was a model of righteousness and a loyal prince He lived in hopes of salvation and at the time of his succession to the throne he believed on the basis of his horoscope that he had just eight years to live He therefore abandoned all earthly enjoyments and sought redemption through charitable giving He wore the simplest clothes he would walk alone through the roads of Cordova mingle with the ordinary people visit the sick enter the dwellings of the poor and with genuine concern showed interest in all of their needs requests and complaints At night even in the pouring rain he would take food from his palace and bring it to the poor He was prompt in his religious duties he urged his subjects to follow his example and on rainy nights would dispense his wealth to those taking part in evening services at the mosques After eight years Hisham died as predicted and left to his successor a respectable kingdom citation needed References edit Al Bayan al Mughrib by Ibn Idhari v 2 pg 73 2013 Al Bayan al Mughrib by Ibn Idhari v 2 pg 65 1980 Roger Collins Caliphs and Kings Spain 796 1031 Blackwell Publishing 2012 23 Roger Collins Caliphs and Kings Spain 796 1031 29 Hisham I D M Dunlop The Encyclopaedia of Islam Vol III ed B Lewis V L Menage C Pellat and J Schacht E J Brill 1986 495 a b Roger Collins Caliphs and Kings Spain 796 1031 30 Hisham I of CordobaBanu UmayyahCadet branch of the Banu QuraishPreceded byAbd al Rahman I Emir of Cordoba788 796 Succeeded byal Hakam I Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hisham I of Cordoba amp oldid 1217942464, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
