Henry Hesketh Bell

Sir Henry Hesketh Joudou Bell GCMG FRGS (17 December 1864 – 1 August 1952)^[1] was a British colonial administrator and author.

Sir Henry Hesketh Joudou Bell GCMG
Sir Henry Hesketh Joudou Bell by Elliott & Fry, 1922 © National Portrait Gallery, London
Born	Henry Hesketh Joudou (1864-12-17)17 December 1864 Chambéry, France
Died	1 August 1952(1952-08-01) (aged 87) Nursing home, London
Nationality	British (naturalised)
Education	Privately in Channel Islands, Paris and Brussels
Occupation	British colonial administrator
Years active	1882-1924
Known for	Building railways in Uganda
Awards	GCMG 1925

Biography

Henry Hesketh Joudou Bell was born on 17 December 1864 at Chambéry in the Savoie department of south-east France. He was the son of Henry Jean Antoine Joudou, a timber merchant, and Scotswoman Martha Bell. He had one sibling: Eléonore Marthe Joudou-Bell (1867-1951). Hesketh Bell's ancestry has been extensively researched.^[2]

Bell was privately educated in the Channel Islands, and in Paris and Brussels.^[3] In May 1882 he started work in Barbados, as third clerk in the office of the Governor of Barbados and the Leeward Islands, a post he was offered by family friend Sir William C. F. Robinson. From then on he rose through the system in the following posts:

• 1885-1889 – Grenada Inland Revenue Department
• 1890-94 – Supervisor of Customs in the Gold Coast
• Receiver General and Treasurer of the Bahamas
• 1899-1905 – Administrator Of Dominica
• 1905-08 – Commissioner (later, Governor) of the Uganda Protectorate
• 1909-11 – Governor of Northern Nigeria
• 1912-16 – Governor of the Leeward Islands
• 1916-24 – Governor of Mauritius

In December 2007, New Vision, a Ugandan online newspaper, posted a piece entitled “Hesketh Bell's Ugandan descendants” in which 72-year old Ketty Karuyonga Bell, said to be a great-granddaughter of the former Governor, tells her story.^[4]

Hesketh Bell, who never married, is alleged to have had a son with a Mutooro^[5] woman, Maria Nyamuhaibona. The boy, John Dick Bell, is said to have been born on 18 December 1905. Hesketh Bell reportedly sent support for the boy, until he learned that John had had a serious accident when he was 10; support then stopped. John, who had 12 children, died of a heart attack in 1953.

Bell's many achievements in Uganda have been summarised as a teaching aid.^[6]

One of the most important was a scheme for suppressing sleeping sickness, which Bell proposed in August 1907. After the Treasury authorized the funds for the work, the natives were moved from the fly-infested district on the shores of Lake Victoria to healthy locations inland. The sick were placed in segregation camps to undergo the so-called atoxyl treatment; an estimated 20,000 people were dealt with. The shores of Lake Victoria were cleared of all vegetation, thus removing the presence of the tsetse fly.^[7]

Hesketh Bell's vision for Uganda included major development of its railway. By 1909 to had battled hard for approval of two schemes: first, a line from Jinja, on the north shore of Lake Victoria to Kakindu and then to Lake Kioga; and, second, a direct line from Kampala to Lake Albert.^[8]

Bell retired to Cannes in 1924, but he still travelled widely. In 1925-26 he made an extensive semi-official tour of the Far East to study French and Dutch systems of colonial government.^[3] His conclusions were published as Foreign colonial administration in the Far East in 1928,^[9] for which he was awarded the Gold Medal of the Royal Empire Society.

During the Second World War, Bell returned to live in the Bahamas, but was a frequent visitor to London, where he was a member of the Conservative Club in St James's.In 1951, Bell’s will was signed and witnessed in Monaco, where he also had a home. In it he:

• directed that his bust, by James Alexander Stevenson,^[10] be offered to the Government of Mauritius “in the hope that it may be placed in some suitable place in ‘Bell Village’” which he founded in 1915.
• bequeathed his portrait by de Laszlo to the Government of Mauritius.
• directed that his diaries and accompanying scrap-books be offered to the Trustees of the British Museum.
• bequeathed the sum of £50 to each of four godsons:
  1. Peter Myers of 'Greenways', Wadlands Brook Road near East Grinstead. He was Peter S F Myers, born in 1926, son of Harold Hawthorn Myers and Muriel Letitia Swinfen Eady (daughter of Charles Swinfen Eady, 1st Baron Swinfen).
  2. James Lightfoot of Belgrave Lodge, Belgrave Square, Monkstown, County Dublin, of whom nothing is known.
  3. Henry Morcom of 6 Chester Street, London SW1. He was Henry Richard Morcom (1922-2008), son of Alfred Morcom and Sylvia Millicent Birchenough (daughter of Sir John Henry Birchenough, 1st Baronet).
  4. Robert Hesketh Dolbey, of 37 Grosvenor Square, London W1. He was Robert Hesketh Gay Dolbey (1928-2011), son of Robert Valentine Dolbey of Sutton and Virginia Gay of Battle Mountain, Nevada.
• left £300 and his typewriter, radio, clothes and other items to The Marchesa Stella Vitelleschi of Villa Moderno, Monaco.^[11]
• left £1,000 and the balance of his estate to his niece, Mrs Marjorie Leonora Apperson.

Death

Sir Henry Hesketh Joudou Bell, GCMG, who lived at 92 Redcliffe Gardens, Kensington, died at a nursing home on 1 August 1952.^{[citation needed]}

Family

Bell's sister, Eléonore Marthe Joudou-Bell, married John Francis Scully. They had one child, registered as Marjory Léonore Scully at birth (1893), but Marjorie Leonore in the National Probate Calendar. She married twice: first, to Thomas Arthur Apperson in 1920 and, second, to Alfred Robert Llewellin-Taylour, MA, FRSA, FRGS, a barrister in 1954. When Hesketh Bell died in 1952, “Marjorie Leonora Apperson single woman” was named in his will. When she, in turn, died in 1968, her executors deposited Hesketh Bell's collection of photographs with the Royal Commonwealth Society.^[3]

Awards and honours

Henry Bell was elected a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society in 1891.^[12]

He was created a Companion of the Order of St. Michael and St. George (CMG) in 1903. He was advanced to Knight Commander (KCMG) in 1908 and to Grand Knight Commander (GCMG) in the 1925 New Year Honours.

Some of Bell's publications

His works included memoirs, fiction, and colonial history and administration

• 1889 – Obeah: witchcraft in the West Indies^[13]
• 1893 – A Witch's Legacy^[14]
• 1893 – The History, Trade, Resources, and present Condition of the Gold Coast Settlement^[15]
• 1894 – Outlines of the Geography of the Gold Coast Colony and Protectorate. Compiled for use in the colonial schools^[16]
• 1909 – Report on the Measures Adopted for the Suppression of Sleeping Sickness in Uganda^[7]
• 1911 – Love in Black [Sketches of native life in West Africa]^[17]
• 1911 – Recent Progress in Northern Nigeria^[18]
• 1928 – Foreign colonial administration in the Far East^[9]
• 1946 – Glimpses of a Governor's Life, from diaries, letters and memoranda^[19]
• 1948 – Witches & Fishes^[20]

Government offices
Preceded by Sir James Hayes Sadler	Governor of Uganda 1905–1908	Succeeded by Sir Herbert James Read
Preceded by Sir Percy Girouard	Governor of Northern Nigeria 1909–1911	Succeeded by Sir Charles Lindsay
Preceded by Sir Ernest Bickham Sweet-Escott	Governor of the Leeward Islands 1912–1916	Succeeded by Sir Edward Marsh Merewether
Preceded by Sir John Robert Chancellor	Governor of Mauritius 1916–1924	Succeeded by Sir Herbert James Read

References

1. . Archived from the original on 2014-08-28. Retrieved 2018-04-07.
2. Broun, James L (17 March 2020). "The Social Origins of a Colonial Governor: The Ancestry of Sir Henry Hesketh Joudou Bell (1864–1952)". Notes & Queries. 67: 114–118. doi:10.1093/notesj/gjaa003. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
3. KS. "Sir Henry Hesketh Bell Collection". Janus. University of Cambridge. Retrieved 8 March 2020.
4. Namubiru, Lydia. "Hesketh Bell's Ugandan descendants". New Vision: Uganda's Leading Daily. Vision Group Uganda. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
5. One of the Butooro people, who inhabit the Kabarole and Kasese districts of western Uganda "The Batooro People & Culture". Uganda Travel Guide. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
6. Mubiru, Dr Dennis (31 August 2016). "What was the role of sir Hesketh bell in the development of Uganda?". welcome to mubula resource center of excellence. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
7. Bell, KCMG, Sir H Hesketh (1909). Report on the Measures Adopted for the Suppression of Sleeping Sickness in Uganda. London: His Majesty's Stationery Office.
8. "Uganda Extensions". London Evening Standard. London. 19 August 1909. p. 12.
9. Bell, GCMG, Sir Hesketh (1928). Foreign colonial administration in the Far East. London: Edward Arnold & Co.
10. "James Alexander Stevenson ARCA, FRBS". Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain & Ireland 1851-1951. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
11. Stella Giacinta Annabella Maria Nobili-Vitelleschi (also known as Stella Rho) was born in London on 29 September 1886. She died at 7 rue Bel Respiro, Monte Carlo, Monaco on 3 January 1975. She was a film actress, known for Vagabond Violinist (1934), The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (1936) and The Naked Maja (1958). Her autobiography, Out of My Coffin, was published in London by Hurst & Blackett in 1937.
12. "Second Meeting, 23rd November 1891. Election of Fellows". Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society. New Series. 13: 731. 1891.
13. Bell, Hesketh J (1889). Obeah: Witchcraft in the West Indies. Northampton: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington Ltd.
14. Bell, Sir Hesketh (1893). A Witch's Legacy. London: Sampson, Low & Co.
15. Bell, Sir Hesketh (1893). "The History, Trade, Resources, and present Condition of the Gold Coast Settlement". The Journal of Commerce. Liverpool.
16. Bell, Sir Hesketh (1894). Outlines of the Geography of the Gold Coast Colony and Protectorate. Compiled for use in the colonial schools. London: Sampson, Low & Co.
17. Bell, Sir Hesketh (1911). Love in Black. [Sketches of native life in West Africa.] London: Edward Arnold.
18. Bell, H Hesketh (July 1911). "Recent Progress in Northern Nigeria". Journal of the Royal African Society. OUP. 10 (40): 377–91.
19. Bell, Sir Hesketh (1946). Glimpses of a Governor's Life, from diaries, letters and memoranda. London: Sampson Low & Co.
20. Bell, Sir Hesketh (1948). Witches & Fishes ... Illustrated by Joanna Dowling. London: Edward Arnold & Co.