Henry was the second son of Duke Welf I of Bavaria (died 1101) from his marriage with Judith,[1] daughter of Count Baldwin IV of Flanders. As a young man, he administered the family's Este property south of the Alps.
Duke Henry nevertheless upheld close relations with the ruling Salian dynasty. In 1116, he joined Emperor Henry V's second Italian campaign to seize the estates of late Margravine Matilda of Tuscany. He succeeded his elder brother Welf II as Bavarian duke, when the latter died childless in 1120. Henry was also instrumental in bringing about the 1122 Concordat of Worms, ending the long-lasting Investiture Controversy between Pope and Emperor.
In the early 1120s, Henry commissioned the Genealogia Welforum, a family history in Latin, composed at Weingarten Abbey. He may have been prompted by the canonization of Bishop Conrad of Constance in 1123. Conrad was a Welf and his canonization stimulated Henry's interest in his ancestors. At the same time, Henry made an inventory of his family's tombs.[2]
Duke Henry played a vital role in the royal election of 1125: first supporting his son-in-law, the Hohenstaufen duke Frederick II of Swabia, he switched his allegiance to his old rival Duke Lothair of Saxony—probably after Lothair promised that Gertrude, his only daughter and heir, would marry Henry's son Henry the Proud. The marriage was concluded in May 1127. The estrangement between the Welf and Hohenstaufen dynasties ("Guelphs and Ghibellines") lasted until the 13th century.
After Lothair won the tumultuous election, he imposed an Imperial ban on Frederick II, however, the king's forces were not able to conquer the Hohenstaufen territories in Swabia. In 1126 Henry abdicated as Bavarian duke in favour of his second son Henry the Proud and retired to the family foundation of Weingarten Abbey in Upper Swabia, possibly to not be obliged to participate in the prosecution of his son-in-law.
Henry died shortly thereafter and was buried in Weingarten. His wife Wulfhilde outlived him by only 16 days. Henry's epithet "the Black" has not been recorded before the 13th century. Both Emperor Frederick Barbarossa and his bitter rival Henry the Lion were his grandsons.
^Stefan Tebruck (2017), "The Propaganda of Power: Memoria, History, Patronage", in Graham A. Loud; Jochen Schenk (eds.), The Origins of the German Principalities, 1100–1350: Essays by German Historians, Routledge, pp. 160–180, esp. 167–168.
Barber, Malcolm (2004). The Two Cities: Medieval Europe 1050–1320. Routledge.
Lyon, Jonathan R. (2013). Princely Brothers and Sisters. Cornell University Press.
Luscombe, David; Riley-Smith, Jonathan, eds. (2006). The New Cambridge Medieval History. Cambridge University Press.
Literatureedit
Bernd Schneidmüller: Die Welfen. Herrschaft und Erinnerung (819–1252) (= Urban-Taschenbücher 465). Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart etc., 2000, ISBN3-17-014999-7, pp. 149 ff.
Sigmund Ritter von Riezler (1880), "Heinrich IX", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 11, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 461–462
Kurt Reindel (1969), "Heinrich IX. der Schwarze", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 8, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 343–343; (full text online)
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Henry IX of Bavaria.
Deed of Henry IX for Ranshofen Abbey, 30 July 1125, "digitalised image". Photograph Archive of Old Original Documents (Lichtbildarchiv älterer Originalurkunden). University of Marburg.
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This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Henry IX Duke of Bavaria news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message Henry IX 1075 13 December 1126 called the Black a member of the House of Welf was Duke of Bavaria from 1120 to 1126 Henry IXDuke of BavariaHenry IX and his wife Wulfhilde Historia Welforum 12th century Born1075Died13 December 1126 1126 12 13 aged 50 51 Ravensburg SwabiaBuriedWeingarten AbbeyNoble familyHouse of WelfSpouse s Wulfhilde of SaxonyIssueJudithConradHenry X the ProudWelf VISophiaFatherWelf I Duke of BavariaMotherJudith of Flanders Contents 1 Life and reign 2 Issue 3 References 4 Sources 5 Literature 6 External linksLife and reign editHenry was the second son of Duke Welf I of Bavaria died 1101 from his marriage with Judith 1 daughter of Count Baldwin IV of Flanders As a young man he administered the family s Este property south of the Alps Through his marriage to Wulfhilde daughter of Duke Magnus of Saxony 1 about 1095 he acquired part of the Billung estates around Luneburg the nucleus of the later Welf duchy of Brunswick Luneburg He aspired to succeed his father in law as Saxon duke when Magnus died without male heirs in 1106 but was denied as the new king Henry V enfeoffed his follower Count Lothair of Supplinburg Duke Henry nevertheless upheld close relations with the ruling Salian dynasty In 1116 he joined Emperor Henry V s second Italian campaign to seize the estates of late Margravine Matilda of Tuscany He succeeded his elder brother Welf II as Bavarian duke when the latter died childless in 1120 Henry was also instrumental in bringing about the 1122 Concordat of Worms ending the long lasting Investiture Controversy between Pope and Emperor In the early 1120s Henry commissioned the Genealogia Welforum a family history in Latin composed at Weingarten Abbey He may have been prompted by the canonization of Bishop Conrad of Constance in 1123 Conrad was a Welf and his canonization stimulated Henry s interest in his ancestors At the same time Henry made an inventory of his family s tombs 2 Duke Henry played a vital role in the royal election of 1125 first supporting his son in law the Hohenstaufen duke Frederick II of Swabia he switched his allegiance to his old rival Duke Lothair of Saxony probably after Lothair promised that Gertrude his only daughter and heir would marry Henry s son Henry the Proud The marriage was concluded in May 1127 The estrangement between the Welf and Hohenstaufen dynasties Guelphs and Ghibellines lasted until the 13th century After Lothair won the tumultuous election he imposed an Imperial ban on Frederick II however the king s forces were not able to conquer the Hohenstaufen territories in Swabia In 1126 Henry abdicated as Bavarian duke in favour of his second son Henry the Proud and retired to the family foundation of Weingarten Abbey in Upper Swabia possibly to not be obliged to participate in the prosecution of his son in law Henry died shortly thereafter and was buried in Weingarten His wife Wulfhilde outlived him by only 16 days Henry s epithet the Black has not been recorded before the 13th century Both Emperor Frederick Barbarossa and his bitter rival Henry the Lion were his grandsons Issue editHenry and Wulfhilde had the following children Judith married Frederick II Duke of Swabia 3 Conrad died 17 March 1126 Henry X the Proud married Gertrude of Supplingenburg 4 succeeded his father as Duke of Bavaria Welf VI died 1191 1 Sophia married Berthold III Duke of Zahringen and secondly Margrave Leopold of Styria 1 Wulfhild married Rudolf I Count of Bregenz 1 Mathilde married Diepold IV Margrave of Vohburg and Count Gebhard III of Sulzbach 1 Adalbert Abbot of CorveyReferences edit a b c d e f Lyon 2013 p 245 Stefan Tebruck 2017 The Propaganda of Power Memoria History Patronage in Graham A Loud Jochen Schenk eds The Origins of the German Principalities 1100 1350 Essays by German Historians Routledge pp 160 180 esp 167 168 Barber 2004 p 193 Luscombe amp Riley Smith 2006 p 755 Sources editBarber Malcolm 2004 The Two Cities Medieval Europe 1050 1320 Routledge Lyon Jonathan R 2013 Princely Brothers and Sisters Cornell University Press Luscombe David Riley Smith Jonathan eds 2006 The New Cambridge Medieval History Cambridge University Press Literature editBernd Schneidmuller Die Welfen Herrschaft und Erinnerung 819 1252 Urban Taschenbucher 465 Kohlhammer Verlag Stuttgart etc 2000 ISBN 3 17 014999 7 pp 149 ff Sigmund Ritter von Riezler 1880 Heinrich IX Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie in German vol 11 Leipzig Duncker amp Humblot pp 461 462 Kurt Reindel 1969 Heinrich IX der Schwarze Neue Deutsche Biographie in German vol 8 Berlin Duncker amp Humblot pp 343 343 full text online External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Henry IX of Bavaria Deed of Henry IX for Ranshofen Abbey 30 July 1125 digitalised image Photograph Archive of Old Original Documents Lichtbildarchiv alterer Originalurkunden University of Marburg Henry IX Duke of BavariaHouse of WelfBorn 1075 Died 1126Regnal titlesPreceded byWelf II Duke of Bavaria1120 1126 Succeeded byHenry X Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Henry IX Duke of Bavaria amp oldid 1182973300, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
