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Harold Peto

January 07, 2023

Harold Ainsworth Peto FRIBA (11 July 1854 – 16 April 1933) was a British architect, landscape architect and garden designer, who worked in Britain and in Provence, France.[1] Among his best-known gardens are Iford Manor, Wiltshire; Buscot Park, Oxfordshire; West Dean House, Sussex; and Ilnacullin, County Cork, Ireland.

The Peto Gardens at Iford Manor
Hartham Park, the new water garden, 1903

Biography

Harold Ainsworth Peto was born in London on 11 July 1854. He was the son of a prosperous builder, engineer and railway-contractor, Samuel Morton Peto, of Somerleyton Hall in Lowestoft, Suffolk, and of Sarah Ainsworth (née Kelsall), his father's second wife. Harold had four step-brothers and -sisters and ten brothers and sisters. Somerleyton Hall, where Harold spent his boyhood, had been rebuilt in the 1840s in Neo-Renaissance style and had a large winter garden and a parterre designed by William Andrews Nesfield.

In 1855 Harold's father was made a baronet; but in the 1860s his businesses ran into trouble, so that in 1863 he sold Somerleyton Hall and in 1866 became bankrupt.[2] Briefly Harold was sent to board at Harrow School (1869–1871), but he left school at seventeen and did not pursue a higher education.

 
Iford Manor garden feature

On leaving school he was apprenticed to a joiner for nearly a year, then entered the practice of the architects J. Clements of Lowestoft. A year later he joined the London architects, Karslake and Mortimers.

In 1876 Peto went into partnership with architect Ernest George – a partnership which would last sixteen years. He and George designed houses in Kensington and Chelsea, as well as country houses.[3] In 1883 Peto became a Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA); but ill health compelled him to leave London.[4] During these years he kept diaries recording his extensive travels to Italy, America, Spain[5] and Greece.

In 1892 Peto ended his partnership with Ernest George, and based himself in Kent (1892–1895) and afterwards at Landford Lodge near Salisbury (1896–1899). Again these were years of travel: to Egypt, Italy, Germany and France; and in 1898 he made a round-the-world tour which included Japan.[6]

In 1899 Peto purchased and moved to Iford Manor in west Wiltshire, having visited it that year with his friend, Henry Avray Tipping. Harold made Iford his permanent base. He re-designed and expanded the garden, trying out new ideas, and incorporating the artefacts collected during his travels around the world. The garden at Iford illustrates particularly his Arts and crafts approach to architecture and garden design.

 
The Italian Garden on Ilnacullin

Most of Peto's major commissions were executed between 1900 and 1914. His projects include work at Easton Lodge, Essex; West Dean House, Sussex; Crichel House, Dorset; Petwood, Lincolnshire; High Wall, Oxford; Buscot Park, Oxfordshire; Hartham Park, Wiltshire; Bridge House, Surrey; Heale House, Woodford, Wiltshire; Wayford Manor House, Somerset; Burton Pynsent House, Somerset and Ilnacullin, County Cork, Ireland. He also designed a series of gardens in Mediterranean France – at Cannes the Isola Bella, and at Cap Ferrat the villas Sylvia, Maryland and Rosemary.

A good example of Peto's garden architecture can be seen at West Dean House, Sussex, now housing West Dean College, where his 300-foot (91 m) pergola is a highlight of the gardens. Peto and Ernest George also directed an extension of the house for William James (father of poet Edward James, patron of the Surrealist art movement); they created the Oak Room, the old dining room and the staircase, all of which can still be seen within West Dean College.[7]

Peto was also interested in interior design, and in 1907 he was commissioned to design the first-class accommodation aboard the trans-Atlantic liner Mauretania.[8][9]

Peto died at Iford Manor on 16 April (Easter Day), 1933.

References

  1. ^ Parks and Gardens UK 29 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ E. C. Brooks, Sir Samuel Morton Peto (1996. Bury Clerical Society)
  3. ^ H. Grainger, The Architecture of Sir Ernest George and his partners [Ph.D. thesis, University of Leeds] (1985)
  4. ^ A. Stuart Gray, Edwardian Architects, A Biographical Dictionary (1985), ISBN 0-7156-2141-6, p. 284.
  5. ^ R. Whalley, 'Harold Peto's Spanish diary 1888', in Hortus; 55 (2000 Autumn)
  6. ^ R. Whalley, 'Harold Peto's Japanese diary', in Hortus; 36 (1995 winter) and 37 (1996 spring)
  7. ^ West Dean website
  8. ^ P. Newall, Mauretania: triumph and resurrection (2006)
  9. ^ A. Wealleans, Designing Liners: A history of interior design afloat (2006. Routledge)

Further reading

  • B. D'Arcy Reed, The Gardens of Easton Lodge: their recovery ... (2010) ISBN 978-0-9563451-1-0
  • R. Whalley, The Great Edwardian Gardens of Harold Peto From The Archives Of Country Life (2007)
  • H. A. Peto, The Boke of Iford, intro. R. Whalley (1993. Libanus Press)
  • 'Iford Manor and its garden', in Architectural Review; 33 (1913), p. 11-14, 28-30

External links

  • Iford Manor

January 07, 2023
harold, peto, harold, ainsworth, peto, friba, july, 1854, april, 1933, british, architect, landscape, architect, garden, designer, worked, britain, provence, france, among, best, known, gardens, iford, manor, wiltshire, buscot, park, oxfordshire, west, dean, h. Harold Ainsworth Peto FRIBA 11 July 1854 16 April 1933 was a British architect landscape architect and garden designer who worked in Britain and in Provence France 1 Among his best known gardens are Iford Manor Wiltshire Buscot Park Oxfordshire West Dean House Sussex and Ilnacullin County Cork Ireland The Peto Gardens at Iford Manor Hartham Park the new water garden 1903 Contents 1 Biography 2 References 3 Further reading 4 External linksBiography EditHarold Ainsworth Peto was born in London on 11 July 1854 He was the son of a prosperous builder engineer and railway contractor Samuel Morton Peto of Somerleyton Hall in Lowestoft Suffolk and of Sarah Ainsworth nee Kelsall his father s second wife Harold had four step brothers and sisters and ten brothers and sisters Somerleyton Hall where Harold spent his boyhood had been rebuilt in the 1840s in Neo Renaissance style and had a large winter garden and a parterre designed by William Andrews Nesfield In 1855 Harold s father was made a baronet but in the 1860s his businesses ran into trouble so that in 1863 he sold Somerleyton Hall and in 1866 became bankrupt 2 Briefly Harold was sent to board at Harrow School 1869 1871 but he left school at seventeen and did not pursue a higher education Iford Manor garden feature On leaving school he was apprenticed to a joiner for nearly a year then entered the practice of the architects J Clements of Lowestoft A year later he joined the London architects Karslake and Mortimers In 1876 Peto went into partnership with architect Ernest George a partnership which would last sixteen years He and George designed houses in Kensington and Chelsea as well as country houses 3 In 1883 Peto became a Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects RIBA but ill health compelled him to leave London 4 During these years he kept diaries recording his extensive travels to Italy America Spain 5 and Greece In 1892 Peto ended his partnership with Ernest George and based himself in Kent 1892 1895 and afterwards at Landford Lodge near Salisbury 1896 1899 Again these were years of travel to Egypt Italy Germany and France and in 1898 he made a round the world tour which included Japan 6 In 1899 Peto purchased and moved to Iford Manor in west Wiltshire having visited it that year with his friend Henry Avray Tipping Harold made Iford his permanent base He re designed and expanded the garden trying out new ideas and incorporating the artefacts collected during his travels around the world The garden at Iford illustrates particularly his Arts and crafts approach to architecture and garden design The Italian Garden on Ilnacullin Most of Peto s major commissions were executed between 1900 and 1914 His projects include work at Easton Lodge Essex West Dean House Sussex Crichel House Dorset Petwood Lincolnshire High Wall Oxford Buscot Park Oxfordshire Hartham Park Wiltshire Bridge House Surrey Heale House Woodford Wiltshire Wayford Manor House Somerset Burton Pynsent House Somerset and Ilnacullin County Cork Ireland He also designed a series of gardens in Mediterranean France at Cannes the Isola Bella and at Cap Ferrat the villas Sylvia Maryland and Rosemary A good example of Peto s garden architecture can be seen at West Dean House Sussex now housing West Dean College where his 300 foot 91 m pergola is a highlight of the gardens Peto and Ernest George also directed an extension of the house for William James father of poet Edward James patron of the Surrealist art movement they created the Oak Room the old dining room and the staircase all of which can still be seen within West Dean College 7 Peto was also interested in interior design and in 1907 he was commissioned to design the first class accommodation aboard the trans Atlantic liner Mauretania 8 9 Peto died at Iford Manor on 16 April Easter Day 1933 References Edit Parks and Gardens UK Archived 29 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine E C Brooks Sir Samuel Morton Peto 1996 Bury Clerical Society H Grainger The Architecture of Sir Ernest George and his partners Ph D thesis University of Leeds 1985 A Stuart Gray Edwardian Architects A Biographical Dictionary 1985 ISBN 0 7156 2141 6 p 284 R Whalley Harold Peto s Spanish diary 1888 in Hortus 55 2000 Autumn R Whalley Harold Peto s Japanese diary in Hortus 36 1995 winter and 37 1996 spring West Dean website P Newall Mauretania triumph and resurrection 2006 A Wealleans Designing Liners A history of interior design afloat 2006 Routledge Further reading EditB D Arcy Reed The Gardens of Easton Lodge their recovery 2010 ISBN 978 0 9563451 1 0 R Whalley The Great Edwardian Gardens of Harold Peto From The Archives Of Country Life 2007 H A Peto The Boke of Iford intro R Whalley 1993 Libanus Press Iford Manor and its garden in Architectural Review 33 1913 p 11 14 28 30External links EditIford Manor Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Harold Peto amp oldid 1060118934, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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