The Hazzm Movement (Arabic: حركة حزم, Ḥarakat Ḥazzm, meaning Movement of Steadfastness[15]) was an alliance of Syrian rebel groups affiliated with the Free Syrian Army in northwestern Syria that existed from 25 January 2014[16] until 1 March 2015, when many of them dissolved into the Levant Front. Some other members joined the Army of Revolutionaries.
A convoy of Hazzm Movement fighters in the town of Mare' on 18 August 2014.
In late 2013 the former Supreme Military Council chief of staff Salim Idris planned to form the Hazzm Movement in response him being sacked as the chief of staff.[2] The Hazzm Movement was established on 25 January 2014 when 12 small rebel factions merged. Several of the factions had been part of the Farouq Brigades.[17] The groups that became the Army of Mujahedeen were originally going to join the Hazzm Movement.[18] The previous incarnation of the group, called Harakat Zaman Mohamed (The movement of the time of Muhammad), was supported by the Muslim Brotherhood of Syria.[18]
The group was supplied with BGM-71 TOW anti-tank missiles[17] in a covert CIA program launched in 2014. Scores of the group's fighters also received U.S. military training in Qatar under the same program.[19]
In October 2014, the al-Nusra Front began attacking positions of the Hazzm Movement in the Idlib Governorate, overrunning bases and seizing weapon stores, due to its perceived closeness to the United States.[19] Following the loss of men and weapons to Nusra, the Idlib branch of Hazzm stopped receiving funds from the CIA in December 2014, funds to the Aleppo branch continued.[20] In January 2015, al-Nusra attacked Hazzm Movement positions in the Aleppo Governorate. The Hazzm Movement reacted by joining the Levant Front, a large alliance of prominent Aleppo-based Islamist rebel groups; the alliance urged al Nusra to resolve its dispute with the Hazzm Movement by negotiating with the Levant Front.[21]
During the Turkish military intervention in Syria which started in late August 2016, some former members of the Syrian Revolutionaries Front and the Hazzm Movement in exile from Turkey crossed into Syria through Jarabulus.[24]
In late December 2016, the Hazzm Movement, the SRF, and the Ansar Brigades in exile reportedly declared their intentions to return to Syria.[25][26]
Component groups and structureedit
The Hazzm Movement had a northern division, led by Murshid al-Khalid (Abu Mutasim), and a southern division led by Mohammed al-Dahik (Abu Hatem). The Secretary-General was Bilal Atar (Abu Abd al-Sham).[17] Abdullah Awda (Abu Zeid) was in charge of military operations[15] and Hamza Shamali (Abu Hashem) in charge of political affairs.[17]
The 12 groups that merged on 25 January 2014 to form the Hazzm Movement were:
Atarib Martyrs Brigade—reportedly the largest faction of the Hazzm Movement before its dissolution, based in Atarib
Several other groups joined the Hazzm Movement at a later date.
9th Special Forces Division of Aleppoedit
The 9th Special Forces Division of Aleppo was a Syrian rebel group formerly affiliated with the Syria Revolutionaries Front[18] and joined the Hazm Movement in January 2014.[27] It was headed by Murshid al-Khaled (nom de guerre: Abu Mutasim).[28]
Furthermore, the group was further composed of several additional subgroups before the merger:[27]
^"Leaders and advocates are demanding the release of the commander of the "movement of packages" from "victory" prisons". Enab Baladi. 21 February 2017.
^ ab"The rise and fall of Syria's Hazzm rebel group". The New Arab. 3 March 2015.
^Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi (1 October 2020). "Factcheck: Was 'Sayf Abu Bakr' an Islamic State Commander?". Retrieved 3 October 2020.
^"Rebels Worth Supporting: Syria's Harakat Hazm". Washington Institute for Near East Policy. 28 April 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
^"U.S. Syria strategy falters with collapse of rebel group". Reuters. 5 March 2015.
^. The Arab Chronicle. 5 March 2014. Archived from the original on 26 March 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
^"The rise and fall of Syria's Hazzm rebel group". 3 March 2015.
^Lund, Aron (1 December 2014). "The Revolutionary Command Council: Rebel unity in Syria?". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Retrieved 27 September 2015.
^"Syria battle between al Qaeda and Western-backed group spreads". Reuters. from the original on 2020-09-19.
^"Syrian army enters Homs neighbourhoods". Al Jazeera English. 15 April 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
^"Reinforcements rush to Aleppo as battles rage". The Daily Star. 9 July 2014. Retrieved 9 July 2014.
^. ARA News. 31 January 2015. Archived from the original on February 9, 2015.
^. Reuters Media. 1 March 2015. Archived from the original on 9 December 2018. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
^ ab"Syrian rebels who received first U.S. missiles of war see shipment as 'an important first step'". Washington Post. 28 April 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
^Lister, Charles (9 April 2014). . Jane's Defence Weekly. 51 (20). Archived from the original on 12 April 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
^ abcdeLister, Charles (9 June 2014). "American anti-tank weapons appear in Syrian rebel hands". Huffington Post (Updated ed.). Retrieved 27 September 2015.
^ abcd"Harakat Hazm: America's new favorite jihadist group". Al Akhbar. 25 May 2014. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
^ ab"U.S.-backed Syria rebels routed by fighters linked to al-Qaeda". Washington Post. 2 November 2014. Retrieved 9 February 2015.
^. McClatchy Newspapers. 9 December 2014. Archived from the original on 9 February 2015. Retrieved 9 February 2015. Those cut off include a larger group of Hazm fighters whom Nusra ousted from their bases in the Zawyah mountains in Idlib province in October
^"Western-backed rebels join Aleppo alliance - Syria monitor". Reuters. 31 January 2015. Retrieved 9 February 2015.
^"#Syria: Seven FSA groups (incl. Jabhat Akrad, Shams Shamal & Homs Revolutionary Union) form "The Revolutionary Army"". Twitter.
^"#SRO - EXCLUSIVE - Former Hazzm and #SRF forces allied with kurds and some #FSA small units to create Jaysh al-Thuwar (in 4 governorates)". Twitter.
^"Threatens to exit "Arab factions" him: repercussions Turkish intervention shake Syria's alliance forces of democracy east of the Euphrates". Al-Quds al-Arabi. 3 September 2016.
^"Four factions that ended the "open-Sham" intend to return to the Syrian arena". Enab Baladi. 16 December 2016.
^"Syrian Rebellion Obs on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 2016-12-26.
hazzm, movement, arabic, حركة, حزم, Ḥarakat, Ḥazzm, meaning, movement, steadfastness, alliance, syrian, rebel, groups, affiliated, with, free, syrian, army, northwestern, syria, that, existed, from, january, 2014, until, march, 2015, when, many, them, dissolve. The Hazzm Movement Arabic حركة حزم Ḥarakat Ḥazzm meaning Movement of Steadfastness 15 was an alliance of Syrian rebel groups affiliated with the Free Syrian Army in northwestern Syria that existed from 25 January 2014 16 until 1 March 2015 when many of them dissolved into the Levant Front Some other members joined the Army of Revolutionaries Hazzm Movementحركة حزمḤarakat ḤazzmOfficial logo of the Hazzm Movement Hazzm Movement flagLeadersAbu Abdullah al Kholi POW 1 Salim Idris 2 Bilal Atar Abdullah Awda Hamza Shamali Murshid al Khalid Mohammed al Dahik Sayf Balud 3 Dates of operation25 January 2014 1 March 2015HeadquartersAtarib Aleppo Governorate SyriaActive regionsAleppo Governorate Idlib Governorate Hama Governorate Homs Governorate 4 Size400 5 February 2015 Part ofFree Syrian Army 6 Levant Front Since 2015 7 8 Syrian Revolutionary Command Council 9 Allies United States Qatar Syrian Revolutionaries Front Ahrar al Sham 10 Syrian National CoalitionOpponents Syria Al Nusra Front 8 Jund al AqsaBattles and warsSyrian Civil War Siege of Northern Homs Idlib Governorate clashes 2014 11 Battle of Aleppo 2012 present 12 Al Nusra Front SRF Hazzm Movement conflict 13 Succeeded by Army of Mujahideen some members Levant Front some members 14 Army of Revolutionaries some members Contents 1 History 2 Component groups and structure 2 1 9th Special Forces Division of Aleppo 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory editSee also al Nusra Front SRF Hazzm Movement conflict nbsp A convoy of Hazzm Movement fighters in the town of Mare on 18 August 2014 In late 2013 the former Supreme Military Council chief of staff Salim Idris planned to form the Hazzm Movement in response him being sacked as the chief of staff 2 The Hazzm Movement was established on 25 January 2014 when 12 small rebel factions merged Several of the factions had been part of the Farouq Brigades 17 The groups that became the Army of Mujahedeen were originally going to join the Hazzm Movement 18 The previous incarnation of the group called Harakat Zaman Mohamed The movement of the time of Muhammad was supported by the Muslim Brotherhood of Syria 18 The group was supplied with BGM 71 TOW anti tank missiles 17 in a covert CIA program launched in 2014 Scores of the group s fighters also received U S military training in Qatar under the same program 19 In October 2014 the al Nusra Front began attacking positions of the Hazzm Movement in the Idlib Governorate overrunning bases and seizing weapon stores due to its perceived closeness to the United States 19 Following the loss of men and weapons to Nusra the Idlib branch of Hazzm stopped receiving funds from the CIA in December 2014 funds to the Aleppo branch continued 20 In January 2015 al Nusra attacked Hazzm Movement positions in the Aleppo Governorate The Hazzm Movement reacted by joining the Levant Front a large alliance of prominent Aleppo based Islamist rebel groups the alliance urged al Nusra to resolve its dispute with the Hazzm Movement by negotiating with the Levant Front 21 On 3 May 2015 some of the former members of the northern branches of the Hazzm Movement including the Atarib Martyrs Brigade and the Syrian Revolutionaries Front along with Jabhat al Akrad the Dawn of Freedom Brigades main component group the Northern Sun Battalion making the Dawn of Freedom Brigades defunct in the process and smaller FSA groups formed the Army of Revolutionaries 22 23 Many of the northern members of the Syrian Revolutionaries Front and Hazzm Movement also joined the Levant Front During the Turkish military intervention in Syria which started in late August 2016 some former members of the Syrian Revolutionaries Front and the Hazzm Movement in exile from Turkey crossed into Syria through Jarabulus 24 In late December 2016 the Hazzm Movement the SRF and the Ansar Brigades in exile reportedly declared their intentions to return to Syria 25 26 Component groups and structure editThe Hazzm Movement had a northern division led by Murshid al Khalid Abu Mutasim and a southern division led by Mohammed al Dahik Abu Hatem The Secretary General was Bilal Atar Abu Abd al Sham 17 Abdullah Awda Abu Zeid was in charge of military operations 15 and Hamza Shamali Abu Hashem in charge of political affairs 17 The 12 groups that merged on 25 January 2014 to form the Hazzm Movement were Atarib Martyrs Brigade reportedly the largest faction of the Hazzm Movement before its dissolution based in Atarib 9th Special Forces Division of Aleppo 18 Farouq of the North Battalion Ayman of God Brigade Abi Harith Battalion Farouq Hama Free Salamiya Battalion Farouq Hama Martyr Abdul Ghaffar Hamish Battalion Martyr Abdullahi Bukar Battalion Salt of the Right Company Abu Assad al Nimr Battalion 17 Several other groups joined the Hazzm Movement at a later date 9th Special Forces Division of Aleppo edit The 9th Special Forces Division of Aleppo was a Syrian rebel group formerly affiliated with the Syria Revolutionaries Front 18 and joined the Hazm Movement in January 2014 27 It was headed by Murshid al Khaled nom de guerre Abu Mutasim 28 Furthermore the group was further composed of several additional subgroups before the merger 27 1st Infantry Brigade 1st Armoured Brigade 60th Infantry Brigade Rocket Artillery Regiment Shahba Shield Brigade Ahbab Allah BrigadeSee also editTimber Sycamore Syrian Train and Equip Program List of armed groups in the Syrian Civil WarReferences edit Leaders and advocates are demanding the release of the commander of the movement of packages from victory prisons Enab Baladi 21 February 2017 a b The rise and fall of Syria s Hazzm rebel group The New Arab 3 March 2015 Aymenn Jawad Al Tamimi 1 October 2020 Factcheck Was Sayf Abu Bakr an Islamic State Commander Retrieved 3 October 2020 Rebels Worth Supporting Syria s Harakat Hazm Washington Institute for Near East Policy 28 April 2014 Retrieved 15 May 2014 U S Syria strategy falters with collapse of rebel group Reuters 5 March 2015 The new face of the Syrian rebellion The Arab Chronicle 5 March 2014 Archived from the original on 26 March 2014 Retrieved 15 May 2014 The rise and fall of Syria s Hazzm rebel group 3 March 2015 a b Western backed rebels join Aleppo alliance Syria monitor Reuters 31 January 2015 Lund Aron 1 December 2014 The Revolutionary Command Council Rebel unity in Syria Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Retrieved 27 September 2015 Syria battle between al Qaeda and Western backed group spreads Reuters Archived from the original on 2020 09 19 Syrian army enters Homs neighbourhoods Al Jazeera English 15 April 2014 Retrieved 15 May 2014 Reinforcements rush to Aleppo as battles rage The Daily Star 9 July 2014 Retrieved 9 July 2014 Al Qaeda attacks Syrian rebels in Aleppo ARA News 31 January 2015 Archived from the original on February 9 2015 U S backed Syria rebel group dissolves itself after losses Reuters Media 1 March 2015 Archived from the original on 9 December 2018 Retrieved 1 March 2015 a b Syrian rebels who received first U S missiles of war see shipment as an important first step Washington Post 28 April 2014 Retrieved 15 May 2014 Lister Charles 9 April 2014 Syrian insurgents acquire TOW missiles Jane s Defence Weekly 51 20 Archived from the original on 12 April 2014 Retrieved 15 May 2014 a b c d e Lister Charles 9 June 2014 American anti tank weapons appear in Syrian rebel hands Huffington Post Updated ed Retrieved 27 September 2015 a b c d Harakat Hazm America s new favorite jihadist group Al Akhbar 25 May 2014 Retrieved 14 September 2014 a b U S backed Syria rebels routed by fighters linked to al Qaeda Washington Post 2 November 2014 Retrieved 9 February 2015 Rebels in northern Syria say U S has stopped paying them McClatchy Newspapers 9 December 2014 Archived from the original on 9 February 2015 Retrieved 9 February 2015 Those cut off include a larger group of Hazm fighters whom Nusra ousted from their bases in the Zawyah mountains in Idlib province in October Western backed rebels join Aleppo alliance Syria monitor Reuters 31 January 2015 Retrieved 9 February 2015 Syria Seven FSA groups incl Jabhat Akrad Shams Shamal amp Homs Revolutionary Union form The Revolutionary Army Twitter SRO EXCLUSIVE Former Hazzm and SRF forces allied with kurds and some FSA small units to create Jaysh al Thuwar in 4 governorates Twitter Threatens to exit Arab factions him repercussions Turkish intervention shake Syria s alliance forces of democracy east of the Euphrates Al Quds al Arabi 3 September 2016 Four factions that ended the open Sham intend to return to the Syrian arena Enab Baladi 16 December 2016 Syrian Rebellion Obs on Twitter Twitter Retrieved 2016 12 26 a b FSA Ninth Division Syrian Rebel Obs The Syria Revolutionaries Front Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 13 December 2013 Retrieved 4 December 2014 External links editHazzm Movement on Twitter nbsp in Arabic Hazzm Movement s YouTube Channel Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hazzm Movement amp oldid 1182068245, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
