1990–91 Haitian general election
General elections were held in Haiti between 16 December 1990 and 20 January 1991. The presidential election, held on 16 December, resulted in a victory for Jean-Bertrand Aristide of the National Front for Change and Democracy (FCND). The FCND also won the parliamentary elections for which voter turnout was 50.8%.[1][2] It was widely reckoned as the first honest election held in Haiti since the country declared independence in 1804.
Aristide was sworn in on 7 February[2] but was deposed in a coup eight months later.
Background
For the elections, the United Nations General Assembly had established the United Nations Observer Group for the Verification of the Elections in Haiti (ONUVEH), which sent election monitors, as did the Organization of American States. These organisations helped ensure that the elections were free and fair.[3]
Results
President
| Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jean-Bertrand Aristide | National Front for Change and Democracy | 1,107,125 | 67.48 | |
| Marc Bazin | National Alliance for Democracy and Progress | 233,277 | 14.22 | |
| Louis Déjoie | National Agricultural Industrial Party | 80,057 | 4.88 | |
| Hubert de Ronceray | Movement for National Development | 54,871 | 3.34 | |
| Sylvio Claude | Christian Democratic Party of Haiti | 49,149 | 3.00 | |
| René Théodore | Unified Party of Haitian Communists | 30,064 | 1.83 | |
| Thomas Désulmé | National Labour Party | 27,362 | 1.67 | |
| Volvick Rémy Joseph | National Cobite Movement | 21,351 | 1.30 | |
| François Latortue | Democratic Movement for the Liberation of Haiti | 15,060 | 0.92 | |
| Richard Vladimir Jeanty | Paradise Party | 12,296 | 0.75 | |
| Fritz Simon | Independent | 10,117 | 0.62 | |
| Total | 1,640,729 | 100.00 | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 3,271,155 | – | ||
| Source: Nohlen | ||||
Chamber of Deputies
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Front for Change and Democracy | 27 | |||
| National Alliance for Democracy and Progress | 17 | |||
| Christian Democratic Party of Haiti | 7 | |||
| National Agricultural Industrial Party | 6 | |||
| Rally of Progressive National Democrats | 6 | |||
| Movement for National Development | 5 | |||
| National Cobite Movement | 5 | |||
| National Labour Party | 3 | |||
| Independents | 5 | |||
| Total | 81 | |||
| Total votes | 1,640,729 | – | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 3,271,155 | 50.16 | ||
| Source: Nohlen, IPU | ||||
Senate
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Front for Change and Democracy | 13 | |||
| National Alliance for Democracy and Progress | 6 | |||
| National Reconstruction Movement | 2 | |||
| National Agricultural Industrial Party | 2 | |||
| Christian Democratic Party of Haiti | 1 | |||
| National Labour Party | 1 | |||
| Rally of Progressive National Democrats | 1 | |||
| Independents | 1 | |||
| Total | 27 | |||
| Total votes | 1,640,729 | – | ||
| Registered voters/turnout | 3,271,155 | 50.16 | ||
| Source: Nohlen, Ameringer, IPU | ||||
The elected members were:[citation needed]
- Artibonite: Thomas Eddy Dupiton, Déjean Belizaire, Serge Joseph, Artibonite
- Centre: Serge Gilles, Hérard Pauyo, Smith Metelus,
- Grand-Anse: Robert Opont, Bernard Sansaricq, Yvon Ghislain
- Nord: Rony Mondestin, Edrice Raymond, Raoul Remy
- Nord-Est: Firmin Jean-Louis, Judnel Jean, Amos Andre
- Nord-Ouest: Luc Fleurinord, Ebrané Cadet, Art L. Austin
- Ouest: Jacques Clarck Parent, Turneb Delpe, Wesner Emmanuel
- Sud: Julio Larosiliere, Franck Leonard, Frahner Jean-Baptiste
- Sud-Est: Guy Bauduy, Jean-Robert Martinez, Alberto Joseph
References
- ^ Dieter Nohlen (2005) Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I, pp390-392 ISBN 978-0-19-928357-6
- ^ a b Haiti: Elections held in 1990 Inter-Parliamentary Union
- ^ Collins, E & Cole, TM (1996) "Regime Legitimation in Instances of Coup-Caused Governments-in-Exile: The Cases of Presidents Makarios and Aristide" Journal of International Law & Practice 5(2), p218