The Hadès system was a short-range ballisticpre-strategic nuclear weapon system designed by France, as a last warning before use of strategic nuclear weapons, in the perspective of a Soviet invasion of Western Europe. It was designed from July 1984 as a replacement for the tactical road-mobile Pluton missile. Initially 120 missiles were planned to be deployed.
Single TN-90 80 kt of TNT nuclear warhead High explosives conventional warhead
Engine
Single-stage solid
Operational range
480 km
Guidance system
Inertial guidance system Digital terminal guidance (GPS) DSMAC TV digital scene matching
Launch platform
wheeled platforms composed of a tractor and a trailer with two missiles
A wheeled trailer and launcher, each carrying two missiles in containers, was planned for deploying the Hadès. The original design had a range of 250 km, which was later increased to 480 km. The guidance system was an inertial platform which could be programmed to execute evasive maneuvers before hitting the target. A version designed to hit hardened underground targets also had a final guidance system which used a GPS-based digital system, resulting in a Circular Error Probable of only 5 m, compared to a CEP of 100 m for the standard version.
Hadès began with project definition in 1975 as a replacement for the Pluton system. Development started in July 1984, and flight testing started in 1988. The Hadès program planned to build 120 missiles, some with nuclear and some with HE warheads. Originally designed with a range of 250 km, the range requirement was later increased to 480 km. The missile was carried horizontally, erected by the truck itself, and launched immediately. The light weight of the missile made it easy to deploy even on difficult zones, and its great range made it usable for limited strategic aims, though not to destroy Soviet cities and missile silos. In 1991, due to the changing situation in Europe and to the German opposition to the program (which was openly designed to strike East Germany), restrictions were decided upon so as not to deploy the system and limit the complement to 15 mobile launching platforms and 30 missiles.
The navigation system was an inertial platform which could be programmed to execute evasive maneuvers before hitting the target. The version of the Hades missile designed to hit solid underground targets also had a final guidance system which used a GPS-based digital system, resulting in a Circular Error Probable of only 5 m, compared to a CEP of less than 100 metres for the standard version.
The system entered service in 1992, as a resource kept in storage in case of a serious national threat, in Lunéville. Reports in 1993 suggested that a reversion to the 250 km range missile, but with a hard target HE penetration warhead and a GPS mid-course updating of the inertial navigation system, would provide an accurate and difficult-to-counter offensive weapon. A TV digital scene matching terminal guidance system has also been proposed, providing a CEP down to less than 5m.
Deployment
Hadès was designed for transportation on wheeled TELs, with tractor and trailer, each trailer carrying two missiles in containers that also act as launch boxes. The missile is reported to be 7.5m long, with a body diameter of 0.53m and a launch weight of about 1850 kg.
Reports[which?] suggest that the Hadès trajectory is kept low, so that the aerodynamic control fins at the rear of the missile can alter the trajectory and range during flight as well as making evasive maneuvers during the terminal phase near the target.
Payload
The missiles would be capable of carrying either the nuclear TN 90 or conventional HE warheads, the former probably having a yield of 80 kt.
Implementation
The program completed development in 1992, with the first flight test taking place in 1988. It was planned that Hadès would enter service in 1992, and that only 30 missiles on 15 TEL vehicles would be built instead of the original plan to build 120 missiles. In 1991 the French Government announced that the Hadès missiles would not be deployed, but kept in storage, and the programme was terminated in 1992. However, 20 to 25 missiles were available in a national emergency with their mobile TEL vehicles, and were all located at Lunéville.
Decommissioning
On 23 February 1996 the announcement by Jacques Chirac, the President of France, on the new format for French nuclear forces called for dismantling of Hadès missiles. On 23 June 1997 the last of the Hadès missiles was destroyed.
CERMA Hors-série n°7 (2013) Histoire de l'artillerie nucléaire de Terre française 1959-1996 (ISBN2-901418-43-0 // ISSN 1950-3547).
January 13, 2023
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This article does not cite any sources Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Hades news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2008 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Hades system was a short range ballistic pre strategic nuclear weapon system designed by France as a last warning before use of strategic nuclear weapons in the perspective of a Soviet invasion of Western Europe It was designed from July 1984 as a replacement for the tactical road mobile Pluton missile Initially 120 missiles were planned to be deployed HADESTypeShort range ballistic missile SRBM Place of originFranceService historyIn service1991 terminated in 1996 Production historyManufacturerAerospatiale Now EADS SpecificationsMass1 850 kgLength7 50 mDiameter0 53 mWarheadSingle TN 90 80 kt of TNT nuclear warhead High explosives conventional warheadEngineSingle stage solidOperationalrange480 kmGuidancesystemInertial guidance system Digital terminal guidance GPS DSMAC TV digital scene matchingLaunchplatformwheeled platforms composed of a tractor and a trailer with two missilesA wheeled trailer and launcher each carrying two missiles in containers was planned for deploying the Hades The original design had a range of 250 km which was later increased to 480 km The guidance system was an inertial platform which could be programmed to execute evasive maneuvers before hitting the target A version designed to hit hardened underground targets also had a final guidance system which used a GPS based digital system resulting in a Circular Error Probable of only 5 m compared to a CEP of 100 m for the standard version Contents 1 Development 1 1 Deployment 1 2 Payload 2 Implementation 3 Decommissioning 4 External links 5 BibliographyDevelopment EditHades began with project definition in 1975 as a replacement for the Pluton system Development started in July 1984 and flight testing started in 1988 The Hades program planned to build 120 missiles some with nuclear and some with HE warheads Originally designed with a range of 250 km the range requirement was later increased to 480 km The missile was carried horizontally erected by the truck itself and launched immediately The light weight of the missile made it easy to deploy even on difficult zones and its great range made it usable for limited strategic aims though not to destroy Soviet cities and missile silos In 1991 due to the changing situation in Europe and to the German opposition to the program which was openly designed to strike East Germany restrictions were decided upon so as not to deploy the system and limit the complement to 15 mobile launching platforms and 30 missiles The navigation system was an inertial platform which could be programmed to execute evasive maneuvers before hitting the target The version of the Hades missile designed to hit solid underground targets also had a final guidance system which used a GPS based digital system resulting in a Circular Error Probable of only 5 m compared to a CEP of less than 100 metres for the standard version The system entered service in 1992 as a resource kept in storage in case of a serious national threat in Luneville Reports in 1993 suggested that a reversion to the 250 km range missile but with a hard target HE penetration warhead and a GPS mid course updating of the inertial navigation system would provide an accurate and difficult to counter offensive weapon A TV digital scene matching terminal guidance system has also been proposed providing a CEP down to less than 5m Deployment Edit Hades was designed for transportation on wheeled TELs with tractor and trailer each trailer carrying two missiles in containers that also act as launch boxes The missile is reported to be 7 5m long with a body diameter of 0 53m and a launch weight of about 1850 kg Reports which suggest that the Hades trajectory is kept low so that the aerodynamic control fins at the rear of the missile can alter the trajectory and range during flight as well as making evasive maneuvers during the terminal phase near the target Payload Edit The missiles would be capable of carrying either the nuclear TN 90 or conventional HE warheads the former probably having a yield of 80 kt Implementation EditThe program completed development in 1992 with the first flight test taking place in 1988 It was planned that Hades would enter service in 1992 and that only 30 missiles on 15 TEL vehicles would be built instead of the original plan to build 120 missiles In 1991 the French Government announced that the Hades missiles would not be deployed but kept in storage and the programme was terminated in 1992 However 20 to 25 missiles were available in a national emergency with their mobile TEL vehicles and were all located at Luneville Decommissioning EditOn 23 February 1996 the announcement by Jacques Chirac the President of France on the new format for French nuclear forces called for dismantling of Hades missiles On 23 June 1997 the last of the Hades missiles was destroyed External links Edithttp www globalsecurity org wmd world france hades htmBibliography EditCERMA Hors serie n 7 2013 Histoire de l artillerie nucleaire de Terre francaise 1959 1996 ISBN 2 901418 43 0 ISSN 1950 3547 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hades amp oldid 1065328715, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
