At about 12:12 on 9 June 1931, while exercising on the surface with the submarine tenderMarazion 20 mi (32 km) north of the vessels' base at Weihai, and despite excellent visibility, Poseidon collided with the Chinese merchant vessel SSYuta.[1][2]
Thirty-one of the submarine's crew managed to scramble into the water before the submarine sank to the seabed 130 ft (40 m) below within a few minutes.[3] The aircraft carrierHMS Hermes, heavy cruiserHMS Berwick and sister submarine HMS Perseus led the rescue operations.[4]Poseidon was equipped with Davis Submerged Escape Apparatus which had come into service two years earlier. This was a closed circuit underwater breathing system which provided the wearer with a supply of pure oxygen and a canvasdrogue to slow the rate of ascent. Despite the submarine not being equipped with specialised escape compartments or flooding valves, eight of the crew managed to leave the forward end of the boat, although two failed to reach the surface and one died later. Twenty-one crew died in total.
A consequence of the successful escape of part of the crew was to change Admiralty policy from advising crews to wait for the arrival of assistance to attempting to escape from the submarine as soon as possible. This policy was announced in the House of Commons in March 1934.[5]
Salvageedit
The secret salvaging of the submarine in 1972 by China's then newly formed underwater recovery units was described in 2002 in an article in the popular Chinese magazine Modern Ships (Chinese: 现代舰船; pinyin: Xiàndài jiàn chuán).[6][7] This was not known about in the West until the researcher and journalist Steven Schwankert discovered that article with a Google web search and later read it in a Hong Kong library.[7][8]
In the former British naval cemetery on the island of Liugong, gravestones, bearing clearly legible names, dates and epitaphs of the lost sailors were found in haphazard stacks by historians looking into the sinking of HMS Poseidon and its salvage by the Chinese.[9] The British government asked the Chinese government for an explanation.[10] Results of this research are told in Schwankert's book Poseidon: China's Secret Salvage of Britain's Lost Submarine[11] and the documentary film The Poseidon Project.
^. U.S. Naval Submarine School. 1966. Archived from the original on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 8 September 2009. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
^Lloyd's Register of Ships(PDF). Lloyd's Register of Shipping. 1931. Yuta was a 1,753 GRT cargo ship, built at Aberdeen in 1889 as Yuen Sang and owned in 1931 by Pao Yu Tzai of Newchwang, China
^Gray, Edwyn (2003). Disasters of the Deep A Comprehensive Survey of Submarine Accidents & Disasters. Leo Cooper. pp. 130–131. ISBN0-85052-987-5.
^"HMS Poseidon". Battleships-Cruisers.co.uk. Retrieved 2 December 2006.
^Paul Kemp (1990). The T-Class submarine - The Classic British Design. Arms and Armour. p. 105. ISBN0-85368-958-X.
^Zhao, Changxin (赵常信); Zhao, Binghua (赵炳华); Yang, Zhenbo (杨振勃) (2002), [Remembering the salvage of the British submarine Poseidon], 现代舰船 (Modern Ships) (6), ISSN 1003-2339, archived from the original on 16 October 2013, retrieved 16 October 2013
^Ryall, Julian (12 June 2009). "China accused of secretly salvaging sunken British submarine containing 18 lost sailors". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
^Ryall, Julian (3 June 2013). "Families of HMS Poseidon victims angry at 'desecration' of graves". The Telegraph. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
^Julian Lewis MP (24 June 2009), "HMS Poseidon", House of Commons Debates Hansard - Written answers and statements, UK Parliament, Column 967W
^Schwankert, Steven R (2013). . Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. ISBN9789888208180. Archived from the original on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to HMS Poseidon (P99).
"HMS Poseidon". Battleships-Cruisers.co.uk. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
. Submariner Association - Barrow in Furness Branch. Archived from the original on 14 March 2012. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
. Britsub. Archived from the original on 7 October 2010. Retrieved 11 June 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
poseidon, other, ships, with, same, name, poseidon, ship, name, parthian, class, submarine, designed, built, vickers, shipbuilding, engineering, barrow, furness, england, royal, navy, launched, august, 1929, spent, most, short, career, assigned, yellow, region. For other ships with the same name see Poseidon ship name HMS Poseidon P99 was a Parthian class submarine designed and built by Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering in Barrow in Furness England for the Royal Navy launched on 22 August 1929 She spent most of her short career assigned to the Yellow Sea region based at the Royal Navy s Weihai naval base in mainland China In 1931 the submarine sank after a collision with the steamship Yuta north of Weihai The submarine was later secretly salvaged by the Chinese in 1972 HMS PoseidonHistoryUnited KingdomNameHMS PoseidonBuilderVickers Shipbuilding and Engineering Barrow in FurnessLaid down5 September 1928Launched22 August 1929Commissioned5 May 1930FateSunk on 9 June 1931General characteristicsClass and typeParthian class submarineDisplacement1 475 long tons 1 499 t surfaced 2 040 long tons 2 070 t submergedLength260 ft 79 m Beam28 ft 8 5 m Draught13 ft 8 in 4 17 m PropulsionDiesel electric 2 Admiralty diesel engines 4 400 hp 3 300 kW 2 Electric motors 1 530 hp 1 140 kW 2 shaftsSpeed17 5 knots 20 1 mph 32 4 km h surfaced 9 kn 10 mph 17 km h submergedRange8 500 nmi 15 700 km at 10 kn 12 mph 19 km h Complement59Armament8 21 inch 533 mm torpedo tubes 6 bow 2 stern 1 4 in 102 mm deck gun 2 machine guns Contents 1 Service history 2 Salvage 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksService history editAt about 12 12 on 9 June 1931 while exercising on the surface with the submarine tender Marazion 20 mi 32 km north of the vessels base at Weihai and despite excellent visibility Poseidon collided with the Chinese merchant vessel SS Yuta 1 2 Thirty one of the submarine s crew managed to scramble into the water before the submarine sank to the seabed 130 ft 40 m below within a few minutes 3 The aircraft carrier HMS Hermes heavy cruiser HMS Berwick and sister submarine HMS Perseus led the rescue operations 4 Poseidon was equipped with Davis Submerged Escape Apparatus which had come into service two years earlier This was a closed circuit underwater breathing system which provided the wearer with a supply of pure oxygen and a canvas drogue to slow the rate of ascent Despite the submarine not being equipped with specialised escape compartments or flooding valves eight of the crew managed to leave the forward end of the boat although two failed to reach the surface and one died later Twenty one crew died in total A consequence of the successful escape of part of the crew was to change Admiralty policy from advising crews to wait for the arrival of assistance to attempting to escape from the submarine as soon as possible This policy was announced in the House of Commons in March 1934 5 Salvage editThe secret salvaging of the submarine in 1972 by China s then newly formed underwater recovery units was described in 2002 in an article in the popular Chinese magazine Modern Ships Chinese 现代舰船 pinyin Xiandai jian chuan 6 7 This was not known about in the West until the researcher and journalist Steven Schwankert discovered that article with a Google web search and later read it in a Hong Kong library 7 8 In the former British naval cemetery on the island of Liugong gravestones bearing clearly legible names dates and epitaphs of the lost sailors were found in haphazard stacks by historians looking into the sinking of HMS Poseidon and its salvage by the Chinese 9 The British government asked the Chinese government for an explanation 10 Results of this research are told in Schwankert s book Poseidon China s Secret Salvage of Britain s Lost Submarine 11 and the documentary film The Poseidon Project See also editProject Azorian US CIA s secret Soviet submarine salvage project 1974 References edit Submarine Casualties Booklet U S Naval Submarine School 1966 Archived from the original on 27 July 2011 Retrieved 8 September 2009 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help CS1 maint unfit URL link Lloyd s Register of Ships PDF Lloyd s Register of Shipping 1931 Yuta was a 1 753 GRT cargo ship built at Aberdeen in 1889 as Yuen Sang and owned in 1931 by Pao Yu Tzai of Newchwang China Gray Edwyn 2003 Disasters of the Deep A Comprehensive Survey of Submarine Accidents amp Disasters Leo Cooper pp 130 131 ISBN 0 85052 987 5 HMS Poseidon Battleships Cruisers co uk Retrieved 2 December 2006 Paul Kemp 1990 The T Class submarine The Classic British Design Arms and Armour p 105 ISBN 0 85368 958 X Zhao Changxin 赵常信 Zhao Binghua 赵炳华 Yang Zhenbo 杨振勃 2002 追忆打捞英国 海神 号潜艇 Remembering the salvage of the British submarine Poseidon 现代舰船 Modern Ships 6 ISSN 1003 2339 archived from the original on 16 October 2013 retrieved 16 October 2013 a b Schwankert 2013 pp 139 141 143 144 Ryall Julian 12 June 2009 China accused of secretly salvaging sunken British submarine containing 18 lost sailors The Telegraph London Retrieved 4 May 2010 Ryall Julian 3 June 2013 Families of HMS Poseidon victims angry at desecration of graves The Telegraph Retrieved 11 June 2013 Julian Lewis MP 24 June 2009 HMS Poseidon House of Commons Debates Hansard Written answers and statements UK Parliament Column 967W Schwankert Steven R 2013 Poseidon China s Secret Salvage of Britain s Lost Submarine Hong Kong Hong Kong University Press ISBN 9789888208180 Archived from the original on 31 December 2013 Retrieved 15 October 2013 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to HMS Poseidon P99 HMS Poseidon Battleships Cruisers co uk Retrieved 11 June 2013 HMS Poseidon Submariner Association Barrow in Furness Branch Archived from the original on 14 March 2012 Retrieved 11 June 2013 Parthian Class Early Patrol Submarine Britsub Archived from the original on 7 October 2010 Retrieved 11 June 2013 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint unfit URL link 37 50 N 122 14 E 37 833 N 122 233 E 37 833 122 233 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title HMS Poseidon amp oldid 1178594032, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,