HMS Hedingham Castle was a Castle-classcorvette constructed for the Royal Navy during the Second World War. Before being completed, the ship was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy, renamed HMCS Orangeville and used as a convoy escort for the rest of the war. Following the war, the ship was sold to Chinese interests for mercantile use and renamed Ta Tung in 1946. In 1947, the ship was renamed Hsi Lin before being taken over by Nationalist China in 1951, rearmed and renamed Te An. Te An remained in service until 1967.
The Castle class were an improved corvette design over their predecessor Flower class. The Flower class was not considered acceptable for mid-Atlantic sailing and was only used on Atlantic convoy duty out of need. Though the Admiralty would have preferred Loch-classfrigates, the inability of many small shipyards to construct the larger ships required them to come up with a smaller vessel. The increased length of the Castle class over their predecessors[2] and their improved hull form gave the Castles better speed and performance on patrol in the North Atlantic and an acceptable replacement for the Flowers.[3] This, coupled with improved anti-submarine armament in the form of the Squid mortar led to a much more capable anti-submarine warfare (ASW) vessel.[2] However, the design did have criticisms, mainly in the way it handled at low speeds and that the class's maximum speed was already slower than the speeds of the new U-boats they would be facing.[4]
A Castle-class corvette was 252 feet (77 m) long with a beam of 36 feet 8 inches (11.18 m) and a draught of 13 feet 6 inches (4.11 m) at deep load.[2][note 1] The ships displaced 1,060 long tons (1,080 t) standard[2] and 1,580 long tons (1,610 t) deep load.[4][note 2] The ships had a complement of 120.[2][note 3]
The corvettes were armed with one QF 4-inch Mk XIX gun mounted forward.[2][note 4] Anti-air armament varied from 4 to 10[2]Oerlikon 20 mm cannons.[5] For ASW purposes, the ships were equipped with one three-barreled Squid anti-submarine mortar with 81 projectiles. The ships also had two depth charge throwers and one depth charge rail on the stern that came with 15 depth charges.[4]
The ships were equipped with Type 145 and Type 147B ASDIC.[4] The Type 147B was tied to the Squid anti-submarine mortar and would automatically set the depth on the fuses of the projectiles until the moment of firing. A single Squid-launched attack had a success rate of 25%.[6] The class was also provided with HF/DF and Type 277 radar.[5]
Service historyedit
Hedingham Castle, named for the castle in Essex, was laid down on 23 July 1943 by Henry Robb Ltd., at Leith.[7] At some point in 1943, the ship was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy was launched on 26 January 1944.[8] Renamed Orangeville for the town in Ontario, the corvette was commissioned into the Royal Canadian Navy on 24 April 1944 with the pennant number K491.[7]
After commissioning, the ship worked up at Tobermory and in May 1944, joined the Mid-Ocean Escort Force as a member of the convoy escort group C-1. Orangeville spend the rest of the Second World War as a convoy escort, with her last convoy, ONS 48 westbound to Canada. After arriving in Canada, Orangeville was sent to Liverpool, Nova Scotia for a refit in May that lasted until August. Following the refit, the ship was placed in reserve at Halifax, Nova Scotia and was paid off at Halifax on 12 April 1946.[7]
The ship was sold on 5 September 1946 for mercantile use to Chinese interests and renamed Ta Tung in 1947.[7][8]Ta Tung had a gross register tonnage of 1,387 tons.[9] The ship was renamed twice in 1947, first as Hsi Ling, then as Shih Lin.[8][9] Registered at the port of Shanghai, the ship was first owned by the Chinese government. The ship was sold to the China Merchants' SN Company in 1948.[9] In June 1951, Hsi Lin was taken over by the Nationalist Chinese government, rearmed and renamed Te An and remained in service until being discarded in 1967.[7][8][note 5]
Referencesedit
Notesedit
^Brown states the beam at 36.5 feet (11.1 m) and the draught at 13.5 feet (4.1 m)
^Chesneau states the displacement at deep load as 1,590–1,630 long tons (1,620–1,660 t)
^Brown states the complement as 99 and Johnston states the complement of Canadian ships at 112 (7 officers and 105 ratings).
^Mk XIX = Mark 19. Britain used Roman numerals to denote Marks (models) of ordnance until after World War II. This was the nineteenth model of British QF 4-inch gun
^Miramar states that Te An was only stricken in 1969.
Citationsedit
^"Battle Honours". Britain's Navy. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
Macpherson, Ken; Barrie, Ron (2002). The Ships of Canada's Naval Forces 1910–2002 (Third ed.). St. Catharines, Ontario: Vanwell Publishing. ISBN1-55125-072-1.
November 01, 2023
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For other ships with the same name see HMS Hedingham Castle HMS Hedingham Castle was a Castle class corvette constructed for the Royal Navy during the Second World War Before being completed the ship was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy renamed HMCS Orangeville and used as a convoy escort for the rest of the war Following the war the ship was sold to Chinese interests for mercantile use and renamed Ta Tung in 1946 In 1947 the ship was renamed Hsi Lin before being taken over by Nationalist China in 1951 rearmed and renamed Te An Te An remained in service until 1967 As HMCS Orangeville in 1944HistoryUnited KingdomNameHedingham CastleNamesakeHedingham CastleBuilderHenry Robb Ltd LeithLaid down23 July 1943Launched26 January 1944IdentificationPennant number K491FateTransferred to the Royal Canadian NavyCanadaNameOrangevilleNamesakeOrangeville OntarioAcquired1943Commissioned24 April 1944Decommissioned12 April 1946IdentificationPennant number K491Honours andawardsAtlantic 1944 45 1 FateSold for mercantile serviceNameTa Tun 1946 Hsi Lin 1947 51 OwnerChina Merchants Steam Navigation CompanyIn service5 September 1946Out of service1951FateTaken over by Nationalist China 1951Republic of ChinaNameTe AnAcquired1951Decommissioned1967FateDiscarded 1967General characteristics as built TypeCastle class corvetteDisplacement1 060 long tons 1 077 t Length252 ft 77 m Beam36 ft 8 in 11 18 m Draught13 ft 6 in 4 11 m Installed power2 water tube boilers 2 750 ihp 2 050 kW Propulsion1 4 cylinder triple expansion steam engine Single screwSpeed16 5 knots 30 6 km h 19 0 mph Range6 200 nmi 11 500 km at 15 kn 28 km h 17 mph Complement120Sensors and processing systemsType 272 radar Type 145 sonar Type 147B sonarArmament1 QF 4 inch Mk XIX gun 1 Squid anti submarine mortar 1 Depth charge rail 15 depth charges 4 10 20 mm anti aircraft cannon Contents 1 Design and description 2 Service history 3 References 3 1 Notes 3 2 Citations 3 3 SourcesDesign and description editThe Castle class were an improved corvette design over their predecessor Flower class The Flower class was not considered acceptable for mid Atlantic sailing and was only used on Atlantic convoy duty out of need Though the Admiralty would have preferred Loch class frigates the inability of many small shipyards to construct the larger ships required them to come up with a smaller vessel The increased length of the Castle class over their predecessors 2 and their improved hull form gave the Castles better speed and performance on patrol in the North Atlantic and an acceptable replacement for the Flowers 3 This coupled with improved anti submarine armament in the form of the Squid mortar led to a much more capable anti submarine warfare ASW vessel 2 However the design did have criticisms mainly in the way it handled at low speeds and that the class s maximum speed was already slower than the speeds of the new U boats they would be facing 4 A Castle class corvette was 252 feet 77 m long with a beam of 36 feet 8 inches 11 18 m and a draught of 13 feet 6 inches 4 11 m at deep load 2 note 1 The ships displaced 1 060 long tons 1 080 t standard 2 and 1 580 long tons 1 610 t deep load 4 note 2 The ships had a complement of 120 2 note 3 The ships were powered by two Admiralty three drum boilers which created 2 750 indicated horsepower 2 050 kW This powered one vertical triple expansion engine that drove one shaft giving the ships a maximum speed of 16 5 knots 30 6 km h 19 0 mph 2 The ships carried 480 tons of oil giving them a range of 6 200 nautical miles 11 500 km 7 100 mi at 15 knots 28 km h 17 mph 4 The corvettes were armed with one QF 4 inch Mk XIX gun mounted forward 2 note 4 Anti air armament varied from 4 to 10 2 Oerlikon 20 mm cannons 5 For ASW purposes the ships were equipped with one three barreled Squid anti submarine mortar with 81 projectiles The ships also had two depth charge throwers and one depth charge rail on the stern that came with 15 depth charges 4 The ships were equipped with Type 145 and Type 147B ASDIC 4 The Type 147B was tied to the Squid anti submarine mortar and would automatically set the depth on the fuses of the projectiles until the moment of firing A single Squid launched attack had a success rate of 25 6 The class was also provided with HF DF and Type 277 radar 5 Service history editHedingham Castle named for the castle in Essex was laid down on 23 July 1943 by Henry Robb Ltd at Leith 7 At some point in 1943 the ship was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy was launched on 26 January 1944 8 Renamed Orangeville for the town in Ontario the corvette was commissioned into the Royal Canadian Navy on 24 April 1944 with the pennant number K491 7 After commissioning the ship worked up at Tobermory and in May 1944 joined the Mid Ocean Escort Force as a member of the convoy escort group C 1 Orangeville spend the rest of the Second World War as a convoy escort with her last convoy ONS 48 westbound to Canada After arriving in Canada Orangeville was sent to Liverpool Nova Scotia for a refit in May that lasted until August Following the refit the ship was placed in reserve at Halifax Nova Scotia and was paid off at Halifax on 12 April 1946 7 The ship was sold on 5 September 1946 for mercantile use to Chinese interests and renamed Ta Tung in 1947 7 8 Ta Tung had a gross register tonnage of 1 387 tons 9 The ship was renamed twice in 1947 first as Hsi Ling then as Shih Lin 8 9 Registered at the port of Shanghai the ship was first owned by the Chinese government The ship was sold to the China Merchants SN Company in 1948 9 In June 1951 Hsi Lin was taken over by the Nationalist Chinese government rearmed and renamed Te An and remained in service until being discarded in 1967 7 8 note 5 References editNotes edit Brown states the beam at 36 5 feet 11 1 m and the draught at 13 5 feet 4 1 m Chesneau states the displacement at deep load as 1 590 1 630 long tons 1 620 1 660 t Brown states the complement as 99 and Johnston states the complement of Canadian ships at 112 7 officers and 105 ratings Mk XIX Mark 19 Britain used Roman numerals to denote Marks models of ordnance until after World War II This was the nineteenth model of British QF 4 inch gun Miramar states that Te An was only stricken in 1969 Citations edit Battle Honours Britain s Navy Retrieved 20 December 2015 a b c d e f g h Chesneau p 63 Brown 2007 p 142 a b c d e Brown 2007 p 127 a b Brown 2007 p 126 Brown 2012 p 129 a b c d e Macpherson and Barrie p 165 a b c d Colledge p 455 a b c Orangeville 6128787 Miramar Ship Index Retrieved 13 May 2016 Sources edit Brown David K 2007 Atlantic Escorts Ships Ships Weapons amp Tactics in World War II Barnsley UK Seaforth Publishing ISBN 978 1 84415 702 0 Brown David K 2012 Nelson to Vanguard Warship Design and Development 1923 1945 Barnsley UK Seaforth Publishing ISBN 978 1 84832 149 6 Chesneau Roger ed 1980 Conway s All the World s Fighting Ships 1922 1946 Greenwich UK Conway Maritime Press ISBN 0 85177 146 7 Colledge J J Warlow Ben 2006 1969 Ships of the Royal Navy The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy Rev ed London Chatham Publishing ISBN 978 1 86176 281 8 Macpherson Ken Barrie Ron 2002 The Ships of Canada s Naval Forces 1910 2002 Third ed St Catharines Ontario Vanwell Publishing ISBN 1 55125 072 1 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title HMS Hedingham Castle K491 amp oldid 1071783740, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
