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Gyōson

April 13, 2024

Gyōson (行尊, 1055/1057—21 March 1135), also known as the Abbot of Byōdō-in (平等院大僧正, Byōdō-in Dai Sōjō), was a Japanese Tendai monk and waka poet of the late-Heian period. He became chief prelate of the Enryaku-ji temple in Kyoto, and one of his poems was included in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu. Almost fifty of his poems were included in imperial anthologies, and he produced a private collection of poetry.

Prelate Gyōson (前大僧正行尊, Saki no Dai Sōjō Gyōson), from the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu.

Biography edit

Gyōson was born in 1055[1][2][3] or 1057,[4][5] the son of Minamoto no Motohira (源基平).[1][2][3][4][5]

At age twelve,[2][3] he entered Mii-dera, eventually becoming its Abbot (園城寺長吏, Onjō-ji Chōri),[3][5] and practiced the Shugendō austerities of the yamabushi for many years[1] and made pilgrimages to various provinces.[4] At age 25, he received the abhisheka (阿闍梨灌頂, ajari-kanjō) from Raigō (頼豪).[3]

Later, in 1123, he rose to become Superior General of Enryaku-ji — the highest prelate of Tendai Buddhism.[1][4] He also served as Grand Almoner to emperors Shirakawa and Toba.[1][3]

He was known as the Abbot of Byōdō-in.[5]

He died on 21 March[3] 1135.[1][2][4][5]

Poetry edit

Forty-eight[1] of his poems were included in imperial anthologies from the Kin'yō Wakashū on.[5]

The following poem by him was included as No. 66 in Fujiwara no Teika's Ogura Hyakunin Isshu:

Japanese text[2] Romanized Japanese[6] English translation[7]
もろともに
あはれと思へ
山桜
花よりほかに
知る人もなし
Morotomo ni
aware to omoe
yama-zakura
hana yori hoka ni
shiru hito mo nashi
Mountain cherry,
let us console each other.
Of all those I know
no one understands me
the way your blossoms do.

His poetry records his experiences on pilgrimage, and was in later ages celebrated as a spiritual precursor to the works of Saigyō.[3]

He also left a private collection, the Gyōson Daisōjō-shū (行尊大僧正集).[1][5]

Other arts edit

In addition to his poetry, he was also known as a skilled biwa performer and calligrapher.[3]

In later literature edit

As a high-ranking monk of noble birth, he appeared in many later setsuwa tales of the reigen-dan (霊験譚) genre.[3]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h McMillan 2010 : 143-144 (note 66).
  2. ^ a b c d e Suzuki et al. 2009 : 85.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Tokurō Yamamoto. Asahi Nihon Rekishi Jinbutsu Jiten article "Gyōson". Asahi Shinbun-sha.
  4. ^ a b c d e Digital Daijisen entry "Gyōson". Shogakukan.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Daijirin entry "Gyōson". Sanseidō.
  6. ^ McMillan 2010 : 168.
  7. ^ McMillan 2010 : 68.

Bibliography edit

  • McMillan, Peter. 2010 (1st ed. 2008). One Hundred Poets, One Poem Each. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Suzuki Hideo, Yamaguchi Shin'ichi, Yoda Yasushi. 2009 (1st ed. 1997). Genshoku: Ogura Hyakunin Isshu. Tokyo: Bun'eidō.

Further reading edit

  • Kondō, Jun'ichi (December 1973), "Gyōson Daisōjō (Jō): Shōgai to Sakuhin" (PDF), Hokkaidō Daigaku Jinbun Kagaku Ronshū, Sapporo: Hokkaido University: 69–133, retrieved 20 August 2015

External links edit

April 13, 2024
gyōson, 行尊, 1055, 1057, march, 1135, also, known, abbot, byōdō, 平等院大僧正, byōdō, sōjō, japanese, tendai, monk, waka, poet, late, heian, period, became, chief, prelate, enryaku, temple, kyoto, poems, included, ogura, hyakunin, isshu, almost, fifty, poems, were, i. Gyōson 行尊 1055 1057 21 March 1135 also known as the Abbot of Byōdō in 平等院大僧正 Byōdō in Dai Sōjō was a Japanese Tendai monk and waka poet of the late Heian period He became chief prelate of the Enryaku ji temple in Kyoto and one of his poems was included in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu Almost fifty of his poems were included in imperial anthologies and he produced a private collection of poetry Prelate Gyōson 前大僧正行尊 Saki no Dai Sōjō Gyōson from the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu Contents 1 Biography 2 Poetry 3 Other arts 4 In later literature 5 References 6 Bibliography 7 Further reading 8 External linksBiography editGyōson was born in 1055 1 2 3 or 1057 4 5 the son of Minamoto no Motohira 源基平 1 2 3 4 5 At age twelve 2 3 he entered Mii dera eventually becoming its Abbot 園城寺長吏 Onjō ji Chōri 3 5 and practiced the Shugendō austerities of the yamabushi for many years 1 and made pilgrimages to various provinces 4 At age 25 he received the abhisheka 阿闍梨灌頂 ajari kanjō from Raigō 頼豪 3 Later in 1123 he rose to become Superior General of Enryaku ji the highest prelate of Tendai Buddhism 1 4 He also served as Grand Almoner to emperors Shirakawa and Toba 1 3 He was known as the Abbot of Byōdō in 5 He died on 21 March 3 1135 1 2 4 5 Poetry editForty eight 1 of his poems were included in imperial anthologies from the Kin yō Wakashu on 5 The following poem by him was included as No 66 in Fujiwara no Teika s Ogura Hyakunin Isshu Japanese text 2 Romanized Japanese 6 English translation 7 もろともに あはれと思へ 山桜 花よりほかに 知る人もなし Morotomo ni aware to omoe yama zakura hana yori hoka ni shiru hito mo nashi Mountain cherry let us console each other Of all those I know no one understands me the way your blossoms do His poetry records his experiences on pilgrimage and was in later ages celebrated as a spiritual precursor to the works of Saigyō 3 He also left a private collection the Gyōson Daisōjō shu 行尊大僧正集 1 5 Other arts editIn addition to his poetry he was also known as a skilled biwa performer and calligrapher 3 In later literature editAs a high ranking monk of noble birth he appeared in many later setsuwa tales of the reigen dan 霊験譚 genre 3 References edit a b c d e f g h McMillan 2010 143 144 note 66 a b c d e Suzuki et al 2009 85 a b c d e f g h i j Tokurō Yamamoto Asahi Nihon Rekishi Jinbutsu Jiten article Gyōson Asahi Shinbun sha a b c d e Digital Daijisen entry Gyōson Shogakukan a b c d e f g Daijirin entry Gyōson Sanseidō McMillan 2010 168 McMillan 2010 68 Bibliography editMcMillan Peter 2010 1st ed 2008 One Hundred Poets One Poem Each New York Columbia University Press Suzuki Hideo Yamaguchi Shin ichi Yoda Yasushi 2009 1st ed 1997 Genshoku Ogura Hyakunin Isshu Tokyo Bun eidō Further reading editKondō Jun ichi December 1973 Gyōson Daisōjō Jō Shōgai to Sakuhin PDF Hokkaidō Daigaku Jinbun Kagaku Ronshu Sapporo Hokkaido University 69 133 retrieved 20 August 2015External links editList of Gyōson s poems Archived 2016 08 27 at the Wayback Machine in the International Research Center for Japanese Studies s online waka database Gyōson on Kotobank Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gyōson amp oldid 1195419466, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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